1-1
Solution Manual For
Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach
Author: Yunus Cengel
10th Edition
, 1-2
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL
This Manual Is The Proprietary Property Of Mcgraw-Hill Education And Protected By Copyright And
Other State And Federal Laws. By Opening And Using This Manual The User Agrees To The
Following Restrictions, And If The Recipient Does Not Agree To These Restrictions, The Manual
Should Be Promptly Returned Unopened To Mcgraw-Hill Education: This Manual Is Being
Provided Only To Authorized Professors And Instructors For Use In Preparing For The Classes
Using The Affiliated Textbook. No Other Use Or Distribution Of This Manual Is Permitted.
This Manual May Not Be Sold And May Not Be Distributed To Or Used By Any Student Or
Other Third Party. No Part Of This Manual May Be Reproduced, Displayed Or Distributed In
Any Form Or By Any Means, Electronic Or Otherwise, Without The Prior Written Permission
Of Mcgraw-Hill Education.
, 1-3
Thermodynamics
1-1 C Classical Thermodynamics Is Based On Experimental Observations Whereas Statistical Thermodynamics Is Based
On The Average Behavior Of Large Groups Of Particles.
1-2 C On A Downhill Road The Potential Energy Of The Bicyclist Is Being Converted To Kinetic Energy, And Thus
The Bicyclist Picks Up Speed. There Is No Creation Of Energy, And Thus No Violation Of The Conservation Of
Energy Principle.
1-3 C A Car Going Uphill Without The Engine Running Would Increase The Energy Of The Car, And Thus It Would Be A
Violation Of The First Law Of Thermodynamics. Therefore, This Cannot Happen. Using A Level Meter (A Device With
An Air Bubble Between Two Marks Of A Horizontal Water Tube) It Can Shown That The Road That Looks Uphill To
The Eye Is Actually Downhill.
1-4 C There Is No Truth To His Claim. It Violates The Second Law Of Thermodynamics.
Mass, Force, And Units
1-5 C Kg-Mass Is The Mass Unit In The SI System Whereas Kg-Force Is A Force Unit. 1-Kg-Force Is The Force Required
To Accelerate A 1-Kg Mass By 9.807 M/S2. In Other Words, The Weight Of 1-Kg Mass At Sea Level Is 1 Kg-Force.
1-6 C In This Unit, The Word Light Refers To The Speed Of Light. The Light-Year Unit Is Then The Product Of A
Velocity And Time. Hence, This Product Forms A Distance Dimension And Unit.
1-7 C There Is No Acceleration, Thus The Net Force Is Zero In Both Cases.
1-8 The Variation Of Gravitational Acceleration Above The Sea Level Is Given As A Function Of Altitude. The Height At
Which The Weight Of A Body Will Decrease By 0.3% Is To Be Determined.
z
Analysis The Weight Of A Body At The Elevation Z Can Be Expressed As
W = Mg = M(9.807 − 3.32 10−6 Z)
In Our Case,
W = (1 − 0.3 /100)Ws = 0.997Ws = 0.997mg S = 0.997(M)(9.807)
Substituting, 0
0.997(9.807) = (9.807 − 3.32 10−6 Z) ⎯⎯→ Z = 8862 M Sea Level
, 1-4
1-9 The Mass Of An Object Is Given. Its Weight Is To Be Determined.
Analysis Applying Newton's Second Law, The Weight Is Determined To Be
W = Mg = (200 Kg)(9.6 M/S2 ) = 1920N
1-10 A Plastic Tank Is Filled With Water. The Weight Of The Combined System Is To Be
Determined.
Assumptions The Density Of Water Is Constant Throughout.
Properties The Density Of Water Is Given To Be = 1000 Kg/M3.
Mtank = 3 Kg
Analysis The Mass Of The Water In The Tank And The Total Mass
Are V =0.2 m3
H2O
Mw =V =(1000 Kg/M3)(0.2 M3) = 200 Kg
Mtotal = Mw + Mtank = 200 + 3 = 203 Kg
Thus,
2 1N
W = Mg = (203 Kg)(9.81 M/S )1 Kg M/S = 1991 N
2
1-11 E The Constant-Pressure Specific Heat Of Air Given In A Specified Unit Is To Be Expressed In Various Units.
Analysis Using Proper Unit Conversions, The Constant-Pressure Specific Heat Is Determined In Various Units To Be
1 Kj/Kg K
C P = (1.005 Kj/Kg C) = 1.005kj/Kg K
1 Kj/Kg C
1000 J 1 Kg
C P = (1.005 Kj/Kg 1Kj 1000 G = 1.005 J/G C
C)
C = (1.005 Kj/Kg 1 Kcal = 0.240kcal/Kg C
P C) 4.1868 Kj
1 Btu/Lbm F
C P = (1.005 Kj/Kg C) = 0.240Btu/Lbm F
4.1868 Kj/Kg C
Solution Manual For
Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach
Author: Yunus Cengel
10th Edition
, 1-2
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL
This Manual Is The Proprietary Property Of Mcgraw-Hill Education And Protected By Copyright And
Other State And Federal Laws. By Opening And Using This Manual The User Agrees To The
Following Restrictions, And If The Recipient Does Not Agree To These Restrictions, The Manual
Should Be Promptly Returned Unopened To Mcgraw-Hill Education: This Manual Is Being
Provided Only To Authorized Professors And Instructors For Use In Preparing For The Classes
Using The Affiliated Textbook. No Other Use Or Distribution Of This Manual Is Permitted.
This Manual May Not Be Sold And May Not Be Distributed To Or Used By Any Student Or
Other Third Party. No Part Of This Manual May Be Reproduced, Displayed Or Distributed In
Any Form Or By Any Means, Electronic Or Otherwise, Without The Prior Written Permission
Of Mcgraw-Hill Education.
, 1-3
Thermodynamics
1-1 C Classical Thermodynamics Is Based On Experimental Observations Whereas Statistical Thermodynamics Is Based
On The Average Behavior Of Large Groups Of Particles.
1-2 C On A Downhill Road The Potential Energy Of The Bicyclist Is Being Converted To Kinetic Energy, And Thus
The Bicyclist Picks Up Speed. There Is No Creation Of Energy, And Thus No Violation Of The Conservation Of
Energy Principle.
1-3 C A Car Going Uphill Without The Engine Running Would Increase The Energy Of The Car, And Thus It Would Be A
Violation Of The First Law Of Thermodynamics. Therefore, This Cannot Happen. Using A Level Meter (A Device With
An Air Bubble Between Two Marks Of A Horizontal Water Tube) It Can Shown That The Road That Looks Uphill To
The Eye Is Actually Downhill.
1-4 C There Is No Truth To His Claim. It Violates The Second Law Of Thermodynamics.
Mass, Force, And Units
1-5 C Kg-Mass Is The Mass Unit In The SI System Whereas Kg-Force Is A Force Unit. 1-Kg-Force Is The Force Required
To Accelerate A 1-Kg Mass By 9.807 M/S2. In Other Words, The Weight Of 1-Kg Mass At Sea Level Is 1 Kg-Force.
1-6 C In This Unit, The Word Light Refers To The Speed Of Light. The Light-Year Unit Is Then The Product Of A
Velocity And Time. Hence, This Product Forms A Distance Dimension And Unit.
1-7 C There Is No Acceleration, Thus The Net Force Is Zero In Both Cases.
1-8 The Variation Of Gravitational Acceleration Above The Sea Level Is Given As A Function Of Altitude. The Height At
Which The Weight Of A Body Will Decrease By 0.3% Is To Be Determined.
z
Analysis The Weight Of A Body At The Elevation Z Can Be Expressed As
W = Mg = M(9.807 − 3.32 10−6 Z)
In Our Case,
W = (1 − 0.3 /100)Ws = 0.997Ws = 0.997mg S = 0.997(M)(9.807)
Substituting, 0
0.997(9.807) = (9.807 − 3.32 10−6 Z) ⎯⎯→ Z = 8862 M Sea Level
, 1-4
1-9 The Mass Of An Object Is Given. Its Weight Is To Be Determined.
Analysis Applying Newton's Second Law, The Weight Is Determined To Be
W = Mg = (200 Kg)(9.6 M/S2 ) = 1920N
1-10 A Plastic Tank Is Filled With Water. The Weight Of The Combined System Is To Be
Determined.
Assumptions The Density Of Water Is Constant Throughout.
Properties The Density Of Water Is Given To Be = 1000 Kg/M3.
Mtank = 3 Kg
Analysis The Mass Of The Water In The Tank And The Total Mass
Are V =0.2 m3
H2O
Mw =V =(1000 Kg/M3)(0.2 M3) = 200 Kg
Mtotal = Mw + Mtank = 200 + 3 = 203 Kg
Thus,
2 1N
W = Mg = (203 Kg)(9.81 M/S )1 Kg M/S = 1991 N
2
1-11 E The Constant-Pressure Specific Heat Of Air Given In A Specified Unit Is To Be Expressed In Various Units.
Analysis Using Proper Unit Conversions, The Constant-Pressure Specific Heat Is Determined In Various Units To Be
1 Kj/Kg K
C P = (1.005 Kj/Kg C) = 1.005kj/Kg K
1 Kj/Kg C
1000 J 1 Kg
C P = (1.005 Kj/Kg 1Kj 1000 G = 1.005 J/G C
C)
C = (1.005 Kj/Kg 1 Kcal = 0.240kcal/Kg C
P C) 4.1868 Kj
1 Btu/Lbm F
C P = (1.005 Kj/Kg C) = 0.240Btu/Lbm F
4.1868 Kj/Kg C
