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FIRSTAID (STUDY QUESTIONS CH. 1-
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11 COMPLETE DETAILED CASE STUDY
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Emergencies - How to be prepared - ps ps ps ps ps ps
Know what to do Be ready anytime
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Know how to get medical care for the victim
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Blood - Common serious blood borne diseases. - AIDS / HIV / Hepatitis B / Hepatitis C
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9-1-1 - When you should call... -
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If the victim has a life threatening condition, unresponsive, condition worsens or becomes life threatening,
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if moving the victim would do more harm.
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9-1-1 - Information to give the dispatcher. -
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your name phone number of where you are calling from
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your location and location of victim
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describe situation and any special circumstances where medical equipment may be needed explain
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victims condition (responsiveness) gender/approximate age of victim
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what is currently being done.
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Transmission of Diseases ps ps
Transmission of a pathogen from one person to another can happen - ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
Directly (contact w/the infected person) or Indirectly (contact with contaminated objects, food, drink, dro
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plets in the air, or vectors such as insects). -
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Bloodborne transmission may happen from contact with an infected persons blood, other bodily fluid or t
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hrough infectious material allowing the infectious material to enter the body thru mucous membranes or
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non-intact skin. ps
Airborne transmission happens when the person may inhale tiny droplets from the air. (indirect)
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,Vector transmission happens when the person is bitten by an insect (tick or mosquito) carrying the pathogen
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. (indirect)
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Transmission of Diseases - Standard precautions for PREVENTION. - - use personal protective equipment
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- use plastic bags for hands if no medical gloves are available
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- if possible have victim dress own wounds
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- use a barrier device - gloves or dry cloth- to avoid contact with bodily fluids
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- Do not touch your eyes, nose or mouth - do not eat drink or smoke while doing first aid
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- Be careful to avoid being cut at the scene
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Emergencies - Actions to take when you recognize an emergency. - 1. check the scene ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
2. check the victim ps ps
3. call 911 ps
4. give first aid (once you've checked the victim and know their condition)
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5. have victim seek medical attention when appropriate.
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EMERGENCY scenes - 8 types of dangerous emergency scenes you should not enter. - ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
Fire / Downed wires / Unsafe buildings or structures / Deep water or Ice / Risk of explosion /Spilled gasoli
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ne or ps
chemicals, fumes / Roadside danger or high speed traffic / Wreckage ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
Responsiveness - Checking for... - - is person speaking coughing crying or moving? ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
- movement and signal responses ps ps ps
- normal breathing - Ask if OK? ps ps ps ps ps
- AVPU Scale - Alert, Verbal Stimuli, Pain Stimuli, Unresponsive to all stimuli
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Emergency - Signs of stress that may occur after - ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
Irritability when interacting with others difficulty sleeping
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problems concentrating gener ps ps
al anxietyps
, depression
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AIRWAY - Steps to check for open airway and breathing. - - check the chest
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- tap the person on the shoulder and shout Are You Ok?
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- after checking to make sure there are no other injuries put victim in recovery position (to open airway)
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RECOVERY Position - Benefits for an unresponsive victim. - ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
When a victim is put on their side and it keeps the airway open, allows fluids to drain from the mouth so the
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victim does not choke on blood, vomit or other fluids and prevents the victim from inhaling stomach conte
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nts if they vomit. ps ps ps
Assessment - SAMPLE - what it stands for - questions you should ask. - S - ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
Signs & Symptoms (what you observe and how does the victim feel)
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A - Allergies (ask about allergies to foods, medicines, insect bites or other substances -
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look for medical ID bracelet)
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M - Medications (Ask about prescribed or over the counter medications (incl. vitamins & herbal remedies))
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P - Previous Problems (Ask has this happened before or other illness - look for medical id bracelet)) L -
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ps Last time they had food or drink
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E - Events leading up to the situation
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RECOVERY POSITION (HAINES Method) ps ps ps
(pg 59 textbook) - How to move a victim into the recovery position (HAINES)
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1. Extend victims arm that is farthest away above their head ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
2. Position other arm above head ps ps ps ps
3. Bend the victims nearer leg at the knee ps ps ps ps ps ps ps
4. Put your forearm under victims shoulder with your hand around back of neck for support
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5. Carefully roll victim away from you - ps ps ps ps ps ps
pushing victims flexed knee and lifting with your forearm while hand stabilizes head and neck. Victims h
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ead is now supported on the raised arm
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