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CNSL 503
CNSL 503/ CNSL503| Statistics Module 3 |
Questions with Correct Answers| Latest
Update (2025/2026) |Guaranteed Pass |
GRADE A |Portage
What is sampling error ? - ANS ✓Sampling error is the difference
between the population parameter and the sample statistic. It is
impossible to eliminate sampling error but there are ways to
reduce it such as a larger sample size.
How to reduce sampling error? - ANS ✓Increase the sample size
or use STRATIFIED sampling (increase the likelihood that the
sample is more representative of the population)
- the larger the sampling size the smaller the sampling error
What are non-sampling errors? Aka as?
Examples? - ANS ✓errors that are not the result of random
sampling
-sampling bias
E.g. Measurement bias, response bias, selection bias
Measurement bias - ANS ✓may results from a mistake during the
measurement process or poorly worded questions
E.g. Scale on carpet overestimates weight
CNSL 503
, 2
CNSL 503
Response bias - ANS ✓when participants respond in a way that is
inaccurate or untruthful
Selection bias - ANS ✓when the sample is not representative of
the population
( e.g. Literary Digest Alf Landon predicted to vote but the sample
was upper class people who tend to vote republican)
What is a sampling distribution? - ANS ✓a frequency distribution
of a statistic from every possible sample of a given size n from the
population.
What is a distribution of sample means? - ANS ✓a frequency
distribution of all possible sample means.
Central Limit Theorem - ANS ✓1. The distribution of sample
means is approximately normal as long as the sample size is large
(n=30 or more)
This is true REGARDLESS of the shape of the original population
distrbiution
2. The mean of all the sample means is equal to the population
mean!
3. The standard deviation of the distribution of sample means is
known as the STANDARD ERROR and is calculated as the
population standard deviation/ square root n
Standard error - ANS ✓-Is the average difference between each
sample mean and the population mean
-indicates how much variability exists between samples
-provides a measure of the SAMPLING ERROR (the larger the
standard error the larger the sampling error)
-We want the standard error to be small!
CNSL 503
CNSL 503
CNSL 503/ CNSL503| Statistics Module 3 |
Questions with Correct Answers| Latest
Update (2025/2026) |Guaranteed Pass |
GRADE A |Portage
What is sampling error ? - ANS ✓Sampling error is the difference
between the population parameter and the sample statistic. It is
impossible to eliminate sampling error but there are ways to
reduce it such as a larger sample size.
How to reduce sampling error? - ANS ✓Increase the sample size
or use STRATIFIED sampling (increase the likelihood that the
sample is more representative of the population)
- the larger the sampling size the smaller the sampling error
What are non-sampling errors? Aka as?
Examples? - ANS ✓errors that are not the result of random
sampling
-sampling bias
E.g. Measurement bias, response bias, selection bias
Measurement bias - ANS ✓may results from a mistake during the
measurement process or poorly worded questions
E.g. Scale on carpet overestimates weight
CNSL 503
, 2
CNSL 503
Response bias - ANS ✓when participants respond in a way that is
inaccurate or untruthful
Selection bias - ANS ✓when the sample is not representative of
the population
( e.g. Literary Digest Alf Landon predicted to vote but the sample
was upper class people who tend to vote republican)
What is a sampling distribution? - ANS ✓a frequency distribution
of a statistic from every possible sample of a given size n from the
population.
What is a distribution of sample means? - ANS ✓a frequency
distribution of all possible sample means.
Central Limit Theorem - ANS ✓1. The distribution of sample
means is approximately normal as long as the sample size is large
(n=30 or more)
This is true REGARDLESS of the shape of the original population
distrbiution
2. The mean of all the sample means is equal to the population
mean!
3. The standard deviation of the distribution of sample means is
known as the STANDARD ERROR and is calculated as the
population standard deviation/ square root n
Standard error - ANS ✓-Is the average difference between each
sample mean and the population mean
-indicates how much variability exists between samples
-provides a measure of the SAMPLING ERROR (the larger the
standard error the larger the sampling error)
-We want the standard error to be small!
CNSL 503
