TEST BANK FOR BROCK BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS 16TH
EDITION BY MICHAEL MADIGAN, KELLY BENDER, DANIEL
BUCKLEY, DAVID STAHL 2025
Chapter 1
Multiple choice. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) the production of human proteins (e.g., insulin) by genetically engineered microorganism s 1) _______
is an example of ________, a subdiscipline of microbiology.
A) biotechnology b) applied microbiology
C) industrial microbiology d) molecular microbiology
2) which of the following statements is correct? 2) _______
A) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of ea rth's biomass than plants.
B) Microorganisms are significant in number, but not in overall biomass.
C) Microorganisms represent a much s maller amount of earth's biomass than
animals. D) microorganisms are significant contributors to the total biomass on earth.
3) which of the following types of microscopy could be used to visualize the layers of the cell 3) _______
membrane and the cell wall?
A) phase -contrast microscopy b) bright -field microscopy c) transmission
electron microscopy d) confocal microscopy
4) robert koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to 4) _______
a) use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media only.
B) Develop the tuberculin test only.
C) Formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a
specific disease only.
D) Develop the tube rculin test, formulate four postulates for definitively linking a
specific
Microorganism to a specific disease, and use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
5) microorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, 5) _______
particularly those of
A) sulfur only. B) carbon only.
C) nitrogen only. D) carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.
6) the first documented description of a microorganism was of a ________ by ________. 6) _______
A) yeast / martinus beijerinck b) fungus / robert koch c) bac
terium / ferdinand cohn d) mold / robert hooke
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
, 7) in what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented? 7) _______
A) archaea b) eukarya
C) archaea, bacteria, and eukarya d) bacteria
8) when medical devices are left in the body, bacteria may grow on them as ________, which 8) _______
Makes them especially resistant to treatment.
A) communities b) biofilms c) populations d) liquids
9) ________ produced by microbial fermentation of glucose from cellulose or cornstarch is 9) _______
becoming a more important component of biofuels in the united states, and specialized ________
are needed to make this a commercially available product.
A) biodiesel / biotechnologists b) ethanol / industrial microbiologists
C) ethanol / biotechnologists d) biodiesel / industrial microbiologists
10) why is ribosomal rna especially useful for the study of phylogenetic relationships? A) 10) ______
it is highly conserved.
B) It is highly variable.
C) It is extremely short.
D) It is only found in some species, helping them to distinguish from others.
11) the discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of 11) ______
A) agricultu ral microbiology. B) industrial microbiology. C)
marine microbiology. D) aquatic microbiology.
12) which of the following is/are characteristic of all cellular organisms? 12) ______
A) communication, evolution, and b) evolution motility
C) communication d) motility
13) deduce why viruses are excluded from the ribosomal rna -based tree of life. 13) ______
A) their genetic elements cannot be sequenced.
B) They lack ribosomal rna (rrna).
C) Some viruses contain multiple strands of rna.
D) They can infect other organisms, which complicates the genetic comparisons.
14) electron microscopy has greater ________ than light microscopy, because the waveleng th of 14) ______
visible light is much larger than the wavelength of electrons.
A) magnification b) contrast c) penetration d) resolution
15) biological catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called 15) ______
A) evolutionary molecules. B) enzymes.
C) growth agents. D) catalytic converters.
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
,Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
16) bacillus anthracis deficient in its ability to differentiate would not be able to a) 16) ______
create vesicles.
B) Grow without additional
supplemented nutrients.
C) Chemotax toward growth
substrates. D) form spores.
17) martinus beijerinck was the first to isolate 17) ______
A) Certain nitrogen -fixing root nodule bacteria.
B) Green algae.
C) Certain sulfate -reducing bacteria.
D) Green algae, certain nitrogen -fixing root nodule bacteria, and certain sulfate-reducing
Bacteria.
18) microbes playing a role in nitroge n fixation in plants live in ________, while those playing a 18) ______
Role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in ________.
A) nodules / rumens b) nodules / fortrans
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
______
C) fortrans / rumens d) rumens / nodules
19) microbial cells first evolved on earth approximately ________ billion years ago. 19)
A) 1.6 to 1.8 b) 5.4 to 5.6 c) 3.8 to 4.3 d) 7.0 to 7.2
20) what field focuses specifically on the use of microbes to make products, such as antibiotics, on 20) ______
a large scale?
A) biotechnology b) industrial ecology c) microbial
ecology d) medical microbi ology
21) which of the following is not an accomplishment of louis pasteur? 21) ______
A) Developed heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized swan-
necked flask
B) Developed the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals
C) Developed enrichment culture techniques
D) Determined that the alcohol -making process was mediated by microbial fermentation
And thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
22) ________ was the first to describe microorganisms, while ________ was the first person to see 22) ______
bacteria.
A) Antoni van leeuwenhoek / robert koch
B) Robert hooke / antoni van leeuwenhoek
C) Antoni van leeuwenhoek / robert hook
D) Robert koch / antoni van leeuwenhoek
23) an organism of the genus staphylococcus is ________, while an organism of the genus 23) ______
Spirochaeta is ________.
A) spherical / coiled b) coiled / spherical
C) spherical / rod shaped d) rod shaped / coiled
24) approximately two billion years ago, ________ were primarily responsible for initially 24) ______
oxygenating earth.
A) archaea b) purple sulfur bacteria
C) cyanobacteria d) algae
25) a pasteur flask has a(n) 25) ______
A) Inverted upper edge to prevent spillage while swirling.
B) Swan neck to prevent particulate matter from getting into the main body of the flask.
C) Double neck so two substances may be added at the same time. D) secondary
opening at the base to allow for drainage.
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
EDITION BY MICHAEL MADIGAN, KELLY BENDER, DANIEL
BUCKLEY, DAVID STAHL 2025
Chapter 1
Multiple choice. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) the production of human proteins (e.g., insulin) by genetically engineered microorganism s 1) _______
is an example of ________, a subdiscipline of microbiology.
A) biotechnology b) applied microbiology
C) industrial microbiology d) molecular microbiology
2) which of the following statements is correct? 2) _______
A) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of ea rth's biomass than plants.
B) Microorganisms are significant in number, but not in overall biomass.
C) Microorganisms represent a much s maller amount of earth's biomass than
animals. D) microorganisms are significant contributors to the total biomass on earth.
3) which of the following types of microscopy could be used to visualize the layers of the cell 3) _______
membrane and the cell wall?
A) phase -contrast microscopy b) bright -field microscopy c) transmission
electron microscopy d) confocal microscopy
4) robert koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to 4) _______
a) use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media only.
B) Develop the tuberculin test only.
C) Formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a
specific disease only.
D) Develop the tube rculin test, formulate four postulates for definitively linking a
specific
Microorganism to a specific disease, and use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
5) microorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, 5) _______
particularly those of
A) sulfur only. B) carbon only.
C) nitrogen only. D) carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.
6) the first documented description of a microorganism was of a ________ by ________. 6) _______
A) yeast / martinus beijerinck b) fungus / robert koch c) bac
terium / ferdinand cohn d) mold / robert hooke
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
, 7) in what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented? 7) _______
A) archaea b) eukarya
C) archaea, bacteria, and eukarya d) bacteria
8) when medical devices are left in the body, bacteria may grow on them as ________, which 8) _______
Makes them especially resistant to treatment.
A) communities b) biofilms c) populations d) liquids
9) ________ produced by microbial fermentation of glucose from cellulose or cornstarch is 9) _______
becoming a more important component of biofuels in the united states, and specialized ________
are needed to make this a commercially available product.
A) biodiesel / biotechnologists b) ethanol / industrial microbiologists
C) ethanol / biotechnologists d) biodiesel / industrial microbiologists
10) why is ribosomal rna especially useful for the study of phylogenetic relationships? A) 10) ______
it is highly conserved.
B) It is highly variable.
C) It is extremely short.
D) It is only found in some species, helping them to distinguish from others.
11) the discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of 11) ______
A) agricultu ral microbiology. B) industrial microbiology. C)
marine microbiology. D) aquatic microbiology.
12) which of the following is/are characteristic of all cellular organisms? 12) ______
A) communication, evolution, and b) evolution motility
C) communication d) motility
13) deduce why viruses are excluded from the ribosomal rna -based tree of life. 13) ______
A) their genetic elements cannot be sequenced.
B) They lack ribosomal rna (rrna).
C) Some viruses contain multiple strands of rna.
D) They can infect other organisms, which complicates the genetic comparisons.
14) electron microscopy has greater ________ than light microscopy, because the waveleng th of 14) ______
visible light is much larger than the wavelength of electrons.
A) magnification b) contrast c) penetration d) resolution
15) biological catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called 15) ______
A) evolutionary molecules. B) enzymes.
C) growth agents. D) catalytic converters.
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
,Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
16) bacillus anthracis deficient in its ability to differentiate would not be able to a) 16) ______
create vesicles.
B) Grow without additional
supplemented nutrients.
C) Chemotax toward growth
substrates. D) form spores.
17) martinus beijerinck was the first to isolate 17) ______
A) Certain nitrogen -fixing root nodule bacteria.
B) Green algae.
C) Certain sulfate -reducing bacteria.
D) Green algae, certain nitrogen -fixing root nodule bacteria, and certain sulfate-reducing
Bacteria.
18) microbes playing a role in nitroge n fixation in plants live in ________, while those playing a 18) ______
Role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in ________.
A) nodules / rumens b) nodules / fortrans
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
______
C) fortrans / rumens d) rumens / nodules
19) microbial cells first evolved on earth approximately ________ billion years ago. 19)
A) 1.6 to 1.8 b) 5.4 to 5.6 c) 3.8 to 4.3 d) 7.0 to 7.2
20) what field focuses specifically on the use of microbes to make products, such as antibiotics, on 20) ______
a large scale?
A) biotechnology b) industrial ecology c) microbial
ecology d) medical microbi ology
21) which of the following is not an accomplishment of louis pasteur? 21) ______
A) Developed heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized swan-
necked flask
B) Developed the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals
C) Developed enrichment culture techniques
D) Determined that the alcohol -making process was mediated by microbial fermentation
And thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
22) ________ was the first to describe microorganisms, while ________ was the first person to see 22) ______
bacteria.
A) Antoni van leeuwenhoek / robert koch
B) Robert hooke / antoni van leeuwenhoek
C) Antoni van leeuwenhoek / robert hook
D) Robert koch / antoni van leeuwenhoek
23) an organism of the genus staphylococcus is ________, while an organism of the genus 23) ______
Spirochaeta is ________.
A) spherical / coiled b) coiled / spherical
C) spherical / rod shaped d) rod shaped / coiled
24) approximately two billion years ago, ________ were primarily responsible for initially 24) ______
oxygenating earth.
A) archaea b) purple sulfur bacteria
C) cyanobacteria d) algae
25) a pasteur flask has a(n) 25) ______
A) Inverted upper edge to prevent spillage while swirling.
B) Swan neck to prevent particulate matter from getting into the main body of the flask.
C) Double neck so two substances may be added at the same time. D) secondary
opening at the base to allow for drainage.
Downloaded by: morgancook1 | Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal
extra per year?
