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Exam (elaborations)

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves – Verified Q&A | Brachial Plexus, Reflex Arcs, Nerve Injuries, and Clinical Scenarios

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This extensive document provides a fully verified question-and-answer guide on the anatomy and function of the spinal cord and spinal nerves. It includes detailed coverage of the brachial, lumbar, and sacral plexuses, reflex arc mechanisms, spinal cord termination by age, nerve injuries and their functional consequences, dermatome mapping, and spinal meningeal layers. Clinical insights cover real-world cases such as nerve compression syndromes, referred pain, spinal taps, and spinal trauma outcomes. Ideal for anatomy, nursing, and physical therapy students.

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Institution
Med surg
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Med surg

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Uploaded on
June 21, 2025
Number of pages
19
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Exam (elaborations)
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Questions & answers

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Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves questions with
verified answers
5 nerves of the brachial plexus: Ans✓✓✓1) Axillary nerve
2) Median nerve
3) Musculocutaneous nerve
4) Radial nerve
5) Ulnar nerve


5 regions of the spinal cord: Ans✓✓✓Cervical region
Thoracic region
Lumbar region
Sacral region (there is no sacral vertebrae!)
Coccygeal region


A ___________ child's spinal cord may extend to the level of L2
Ans✓✓✓child's


A _____________ spinal cord extends to about the level of L3
Ans✓✓✓newborn's


A reflex can precede sensation (a reflex does not need to involve the
brain) Ans✓✓✓sensation
(sense to interneuron to motor neuron)

,A tight _____________________ can compress the sciatic nerve
Ans✓✓✓piriformis muscle


All spinal nerves are what type of nerve? Ans✓✓✓mixed nerves


All the spinal nerves are what type of nerves? Ans✓✓✓mixed nerves


An __________ spinal cord typically terminates at the level of L1
Ans✓✓✓adult's


Arachnoid Ans✓✓✓deep to the dura and subdural space (a potential
space)


Atrophy of the arm muscles can be caused by a ______________ injury
in adulthood. Ans✓✓✓brachial plexus


Axillary nerve innervates what muscles? Ans✓✓✓the teres minor
muscle and the deltoid muscle.


Cauda Equina Ans✓✓✓(horse's tail) Composed of nerves that arise
from the conus medullaris and extend inferiorly


Central canal Ans✓✓✓runs the entire length of the spinal cord, is
contiguous with the brain and contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

, Cervical enlargement Ans✓✓✓contains the neurons that innervate the
upper limbs


Cervical plexus is formed primarily by
spinal nerves ___________(#). Ans✓✓✓C1-C4
(C5 is not considered to part of this plexus, even though it contributes
some axons)


Chickenpox (varicella) virus is
acquired by the respiratory route and
causes what? Ans✓✓✓a head-to-toe rash in children.


Christopher Reeves became a very famous: Ans✓✓✓respirator-
dependent quadriplegic


Cloudy spinal fluid, like the specimen shown, is a sign of:
Ans✓✓✓white blood cells (pus).


conus medullaris Ans✓✓✓The tapering end of the spinal cord


Damage BELOW C3 also results in _____________, but the person can
still utilize their diaphragm for breathing via their intact phrenic nerves.
Ans✓✓✓quadriplegia


Damage to the spinal cord can lead to: Ans✓✓✓paralysis or death

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