1
NSG 6005 Week 2 Quiz 2025 Actual –
South University Quiz Questions with
100% Verified Answers | Graded A
1. What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-blockers in treating hypertension?
A. Increase cardiac output
B. Block beta-adrenergic receptors
C. Enhance sodium reabsorption
D. Stimulate renin release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers, such as metoprolol, reduce heart rate and contractility by
blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, decreasing cardiac output and blood pressure.
2. Which medication is first-line for managing type 2 diabetes?
A. Insulin
B. Metformin
C. Sulfonylureas
D. DPP-4 inhibitors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes due to its efficacy in
reducing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity.
3. What is the most common adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Dry cough
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors, like lisinopril, increase bradykinin levels, leading to a dry,
persistent cough in some patients.
4. A patient on warfarin requires monitoring of which laboratory value?
A. Platelet count
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Hemoglobin A1c
D. Serum creatinine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warfarin, an anticoagulant, requires INR monitoring to ensure therapeutic
anticoagulation and prevent bleeding or clotting complications.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of loop diuretics?
A. Inhibit sodium-potassium ATPase
B. Block sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle
C. Increase potassium reabsorption
, 2
D. Stimulate aldosterone release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loop diuretics, like furosemide, inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in the
loop of Henle, promoting sodium and water excretion.
6. Which medication is contraindicated in patients with a sulfa allergy?
A. Metformin
B. Furosemide
C. Lisinopril
D. Atorvastatin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide, a sulfonamide-derived loop diuretic, is contraindicated in
patients with sulfa allergies due to the risk of hypersensitivity reactions.
7. What is the primary therapeutic use of albuterol?
A. Hypertension
B. Asthma
C. Heart failure
D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol, a beta-2 agonist, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, making it a
first-line treatment for asthma and bronchospasm.
8. Which adverse effect is most associated with statins?
A. Hepatotoxicity
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Statins, like atorvastatin, can cause hepatotoxicity, requiring monitoring of
liver function tests to detect potential liver injury.
9. A patient on heparin develops thrombocytopenia. What is the most appropriate
action?
A. Increase heparin dose
B. Discontinue heparin and monitor platelets
C. Add aspirin
D. Switch to warfarin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious complication requiring
immediate discontinuation of heparin and monitoring to prevent thrombosis.
10. What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?
A. Block dopamine receptors
B. Enhance GABA activity
C. Inhibit serotonin reuptake
D. Stimulate norepinephrine release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benzodiazepines, like lorazepam, enhance GABA’s inhibitory effects,
producing anxiolytic and sedative effects.
, 3
11. Which medication is used to reverse opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Protamine sulfate
D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, rapidly reverses opioid-induced respiratory
depression by binding to opioid receptors.
12. What is the primary indication for metformin?
A. Stimulate insulin release
B. Decrease hepatic glucose production
C. Increase insulin receptor sensitivity
D. Inhibit glucagon release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis, lowering blood
glucose in type 2 diabetes.
13. Which class of medications is most likely to cause hyperkalemia?
A. Beta-blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Loop diuretics
D. Calcium channel blockers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce aldosterone production, decreasing potassium
excretion and increasing the risk of hyperkalemia.
14. A patient on digoxin reports nausea and visual disturbances. What is the likely
cause?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Digoxin toxicity
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea and visual disturbances (e.g., yellow-green halos) are classic signs of
digoxin toxicity, requiring immediate monitoring and intervention.
15. Which medication is used to manage acute bronchospasm in asthma?
A. Montelukast
B. Albuterol
C. Prednisone
D. Theophylline
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol, a short-acting beta-2 agonist, rapidly relieves bronchospasm by
relaxing airway smooth muscle.
16. What is the primary adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid use?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Osteoporosis
C. Hypotension
D. Hyperkalemia
NSG 6005 Week 2 Quiz 2025 Actual –
South University Quiz Questions with
100% Verified Answers | Graded A
1. What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-blockers in treating hypertension?
A. Increase cardiac output
B. Block beta-adrenergic receptors
C. Enhance sodium reabsorption
D. Stimulate renin release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers, such as metoprolol, reduce heart rate and contractility by
blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, decreasing cardiac output and blood pressure.
2. Which medication is first-line for managing type 2 diabetes?
A. Insulin
B. Metformin
C. Sulfonylureas
D. DPP-4 inhibitors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes due to its efficacy in
reducing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity.
3. What is the most common adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Dry cough
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors, like lisinopril, increase bradykinin levels, leading to a dry,
persistent cough in some patients.
4. A patient on warfarin requires monitoring of which laboratory value?
A. Platelet count
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Hemoglobin A1c
D. Serum creatinine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warfarin, an anticoagulant, requires INR monitoring to ensure therapeutic
anticoagulation and prevent bleeding or clotting complications.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of loop diuretics?
A. Inhibit sodium-potassium ATPase
B. Block sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle
C. Increase potassium reabsorption
, 2
D. Stimulate aldosterone release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loop diuretics, like furosemide, inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in the
loop of Henle, promoting sodium and water excretion.
6. Which medication is contraindicated in patients with a sulfa allergy?
A. Metformin
B. Furosemide
C. Lisinopril
D. Atorvastatin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide, a sulfonamide-derived loop diuretic, is contraindicated in
patients with sulfa allergies due to the risk of hypersensitivity reactions.
7. What is the primary therapeutic use of albuterol?
A. Hypertension
B. Asthma
C. Heart failure
D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol, a beta-2 agonist, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, making it a
first-line treatment for asthma and bronchospasm.
8. Which adverse effect is most associated with statins?
A. Hepatotoxicity
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Statins, like atorvastatin, can cause hepatotoxicity, requiring monitoring of
liver function tests to detect potential liver injury.
9. A patient on heparin develops thrombocytopenia. What is the most appropriate
action?
A. Increase heparin dose
B. Discontinue heparin and monitor platelets
C. Add aspirin
D. Switch to warfarin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious complication requiring
immediate discontinuation of heparin and monitoring to prevent thrombosis.
10. What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?
A. Block dopamine receptors
B. Enhance GABA activity
C. Inhibit serotonin reuptake
D. Stimulate norepinephrine release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benzodiazepines, like lorazepam, enhance GABA’s inhibitory effects,
producing anxiolytic and sedative effects.
, 3
11. Which medication is used to reverse opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Protamine sulfate
D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, rapidly reverses opioid-induced respiratory
depression by binding to opioid receptors.
12. What is the primary indication for metformin?
A. Stimulate insulin release
B. Decrease hepatic glucose production
C. Increase insulin receptor sensitivity
D. Inhibit glucagon release
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin, a biguanide, reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis, lowering blood
glucose in type 2 diabetes.
13. Which class of medications is most likely to cause hyperkalemia?
A. Beta-blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Loop diuretics
D. Calcium channel blockers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce aldosterone production, decreasing potassium
excretion and increasing the risk of hyperkalemia.
14. A patient on digoxin reports nausea and visual disturbances. What is the likely
cause?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Digoxin toxicity
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea and visual disturbances (e.g., yellow-green halos) are classic signs of
digoxin toxicity, requiring immediate monitoring and intervention.
15. Which medication is used to manage acute bronchospasm in asthma?
A. Montelukast
B. Albuterol
C. Prednisone
D. Theophylline
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol, a short-acting beta-2 agonist, rapidly relieves bronchospasm by
relaxing airway smooth muscle.
16. What is the primary adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid use?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Osteoporosis
C. Hypotension
D. Hyperkalemia
