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1.Which of the following is the recommended Method for trestemt frostbite?
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A. Vasodilators
B. Anticigulants
C. Warm (40 degrees) water
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D. Padding and elevation
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E. Application of heat from a hairdryer:
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gAnswer> C. Warm (40 degrees) water
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2.Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of hypotension other than s
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pinal cord injury?
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A. Prispism
B. Bradycardia
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, C. Diaphragmatic breathing g
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes g g g g
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend them
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Answer>: D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes. Spinal shock refers to loss of muscle toe (fl
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accidty) and loss of reflexes.
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3.The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level trauma center i
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s:
A. Unavailibility of surgeon or operating staff g g g g g
B. Multiple system injuries, including severe head injury
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C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
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D. Resource limitations as determined by the hospital administration
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E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma:
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Answer> C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor (MÅ SJEKKES
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)
4.A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-
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abdomen. He is brought promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool an
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d diaphoretic, and his systolic blood pressure is 58mmHg. Warmed crystalloid fluids ar
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e initiated without improvement in his vital signs. The next, most appropriate, step is to
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perform:
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, A. a laparotomy g
B. An abdominal CT-scan g g
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy g
D. Abdominal ultrasonography g
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage:
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gAnswer> A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic ab- normality
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5.A 42-year- g
old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his overturned tractor for several hour
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s before medical assistance arrives. He is awake and alert until just before arriving in th
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e ED. He is now unconscious and responds only to painful stimuli by moaning. His pupil
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s are 3mm in diameter and symmetrically reactive to light. Prehospital personnel indica
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te that they have
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not seen the patient move either of his lower extremities. On examination in the ED, no m
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ovement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response to painful stimuli. The mo
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st likely cause for this finding is:
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A. An epidural hematoma g g
B. A pelvic fractureg g
C. Central cord syndrome g g
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, D. Intracerebral hemorrhage g
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome: g g
gAnswer> D MÅ SJEKKES g g g
6.A 6-year- g
o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED. He is lethargic, but withdraws p
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urposefully from painful stimuli. His blood pressure is 90mmHg systolic, heart rate 140
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beats per minute and his respiratory rate is 36 breaths per minute. The preferred route
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of venous access in this patient is:
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A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation g g g
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankle g g g g g g g
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia g g g g g g
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities g g g g g g
E. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein:
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g Answer> D. Percu- taneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
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7.A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought promptly to th
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e ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and he is confused. His p
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ulse is thready and his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable. The definitive treatment in
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g managing this patient is to: g g g g
A. Administer O-negative blood g g
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