HPHM 4308 Principles of
Organizational Behavior & Theory
Midterm Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
1
,Multiple Choice
A hospital’s leadership implements a decentralized decision-making
structure to empower frontline nursing managers. Which Organizational
Theory best explains this approach?
A) Scientific Management Theory
B) Contingency Theory
C) Bureaucratic Theory
D) Classical Theory ANS: B) Contingency Theory Rationale: Contingency
Theory posits that effective organizational structure depends on the fit
between organization and context, such as empowering managers in
dynamic healthcare environments.
Which leadership style is most likely to foster innovation among
interdisciplinary healthcare teams?
A) Autocratic
B) Transactional
C) Transformational
D) Laissez-Faire ANS: C) Transformational Rationale: Transformational
leaders inspire and motivate for change and innovation, critical for
complex team settings in healthcare.
During an EHR system rollout, resistance emerged among veteran nurses.
According to Lewin’s Change Management Model, what is the correct
sequence of stages to address this?
A) Freezing, Changing, Unfreezing
B) Unfreezing, Changing, Refreezing
C) Changing, Freezing, Unfreezing
D) Planning, Executing, Controlling ANS: B) Unfreezing, Changing,
Refreezing Rationale: The model prescribes unfreezing old behaviors,
changing, then refreezing the new practices.
A healthcare administrator uses Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs to
motivate staff. Meeting “Esteem” needs could involve which
2
, intervention?
A) Providing meal breaks
B) Implementing hazard pay
C) Recognizing staff at meetings
D) Assigning job security contracts ANS: C) Recognizing staff at meetings
Rationale: Esteem needs relate to respect and recognition, fulfilled by
acknowledgment.
Which of the following conflict resolution strategies would be least
effective during a fast-paced code blue situation in the ER?
A) Collaborating
B) Avoiding
C) Compromising
D) Accommodating ANS: B) Avoiding Rationale: Avoiding does not
address the conflict, critical errors can occur if not managed immediately
in emergencies.
In Schein's Organizational Culture model, which level is most visible in a
hospital setting?
A) Assumptions
B) Values
C) Artifacts
D) Identity ANS: C) Artifacts Rationale: Artifacts are visible— uniforms,
physical layout, symbols— in hospitals.
According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, salary and job security are
considered:
A) Motivators
B) Hygiene factors
C) Intrinsic factors
D) Self-actualization needs ANS: B) Hygiene factors Rationale: Hygiene
factors prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate.
A hospital's formal reporting structure and chain of command reflect
what organizational aspect?
3
Organizational Behavior & Theory
Midterm Exam Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
1
,Multiple Choice
A hospital’s leadership implements a decentralized decision-making
structure to empower frontline nursing managers. Which Organizational
Theory best explains this approach?
A) Scientific Management Theory
B) Contingency Theory
C) Bureaucratic Theory
D) Classical Theory ANS: B) Contingency Theory Rationale: Contingency
Theory posits that effective organizational structure depends on the fit
between organization and context, such as empowering managers in
dynamic healthcare environments.
Which leadership style is most likely to foster innovation among
interdisciplinary healthcare teams?
A) Autocratic
B) Transactional
C) Transformational
D) Laissez-Faire ANS: C) Transformational Rationale: Transformational
leaders inspire and motivate for change and innovation, critical for
complex team settings in healthcare.
During an EHR system rollout, resistance emerged among veteran nurses.
According to Lewin’s Change Management Model, what is the correct
sequence of stages to address this?
A) Freezing, Changing, Unfreezing
B) Unfreezing, Changing, Refreezing
C) Changing, Freezing, Unfreezing
D) Planning, Executing, Controlling ANS: B) Unfreezing, Changing,
Refreezing Rationale: The model prescribes unfreezing old behaviors,
changing, then refreezing the new practices.
A healthcare administrator uses Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs to
motivate staff. Meeting “Esteem” needs could involve which
2
, intervention?
A) Providing meal breaks
B) Implementing hazard pay
C) Recognizing staff at meetings
D) Assigning job security contracts ANS: C) Recognizing staff at meetings
Rationale: Esteem needs relate to respect and recognition, fulfilled by
acknowledgment.
Which of the following conflict resolution strategies would be least
effective during a fast-paced code blue situation in the ER?
A) Collaborating
B) Avoiding
C) Compromising
D) Accommodating ANS: B) Avoiding Rationale: Avoiding does not
address the conflict, critical errors can occur if not managed immediately
in emergencies.
In Schein's Organizational Culture model, which level is most visible in a
hospital setting?
A) Assumptions
B) Values
C) Artifacts
D) Identity ANS: C) Artifacts Rationale: Artifacts are visible— uniforms,
physical layout, symbols— in hospitals.
According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, salary and job security are
considered:
A) Motivators
B) Hygiene factors
C) Intrinsic factors
D) Self-actualization needs ANS: B) Hygiene factors Rationale: Hygiene
factors prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate.
A hospital's formal reporting structure and chain of command reflect
what organizational aspect?
3
