WGU D313 Objective Assessment 2025 | Anatomy and Physiology Practice Questions with Complete Answers

WGU D313 Objective Assessment (2025): Anatomy
and Physiology

Multiple-Choice Questions
Below are 80 multiple-choice questions designed to align with the WGU D313 Objective
Assessment (2025) for Anatomy and Physiology, covering cellular biology, tissue types,
major body systems, and homeostasis.
Question 1: Which organelle is primarily responsible for cellular energy production?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondrion
C. Endoplasmic reticulum
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: B. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing ATP through
cellular respiration, which is the primary energy source for cellular activities.
Question 2: What type of tissue is specialized for contraction and movement?
A. Epithelial
B. Connective
C. Muscle
D. Nervous
Correct Answer: C. Muscle
Rationale: Muscle tissue, including skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle, is spe-
cialized for contraction, enabling movement and other functions like heartbeats and
peristalsis.
Question 3: Which structure connects bones to other bones in the skeletal system?
A. Tendon
B. Ligament
C. Cartilage
D. Meniscus
Correct Answer: B. Ligament
Rationale: Ligaments are dense connective tissues that connect bones to other bones,
stabilizing joints.
Question 4: What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone tissue?
A. Bone resorption
B. Bone formation
C. Calcium storage
D. Blood cell production
Correct Answer: B. Bone formation
Rationale: Osteoblasts are cells responsible for synthesizing and depositing bone
matrix, contributing to bone formation and growth.
Question 5: Which part of a neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body?
A. Dendrite
B. Axon
C. Soma

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, D. Synapse
Correct Answer: B. Axon
Rationale: The axon conducts electrical impulses away from the neurons cell body
toward other neurons or target cells.
Question 6: What is the role of myelin in the nervous system?
A. Synthesize neurotransmitters
B. Insulate axons
C. Generate action potentials
D. Protect the brain
Correct Answer: B. Insulate axons
Rationale: Myelin, produced by Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes, insulates axons
to increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
Question 7: Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake in cells?
A. Cortisol
B. Insulin
C. Glucagon
D. Thyroxine
Correct Answer: B. Insulin
Rationale: Insulin, secreted by pancreatic beta cells, facilitates glucose uptake by
cells, lowering blood glucose levels.
Question 8: What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
A. Produce thyroid hormones
B. Regulate pituitary gland activity
C. Synthesize insulin
D. Control heart rate
Correct Answer: B. Regulate pituitary gland activity
Rationale: The hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones that con-
trol the pituitary gland, influencing many endocrine functions.
Question 9: Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Pulmonary vein
C. Aorta
D. Vena cava
Correct Answer: B. Pulmonary vein
Rationale: The pulmonary vein is unique in carrying oxygenated blood from the
lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Question 10: What is the primary function of red blood cells?
A. Fight infection
B. Transport oxygen
C. Clot blood
D. Produce antibodies
Correct Answer: B. Transport oxygen
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds and transports oxygen
from the lungs to tissues.
Question 11: Which structure in the respiratory system is the site of gas exchange?


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