Regional air circulation
Eg. Monsoons, tropical cyclones, mid-latitude cyclones
Monsoons:
Winds that are created by the seasonal shifting of the ITCZ – different pressures that develop
over land and sea during summer and winter
• Winter monsoon: cold, dry weather
• Summer monsoon: warm, very rainy weather
• India, South-East Asia, Indonesia, Philippines, Northern Australia, West Africa
🇮🇳 India: 🇮🇳
Summer: Southwesterly monsoon
• ITCZ shifts North of equator – sun over Tropic of Cancer
• The land heats up and becomes warmer than surrounding ocean
• LP forms over land
• HP forms over ocean
• Air moves HP → LP
• Deflected right when it crosses the equator
• Takes moisture from ocean
• Heavy rain for a few days/weeks
Winter: Northeasterly monsoon
• ITCZ shifts South of equator – sun over Tropic of Capricorn
• The land cools faster than the ocean
• LP forms over ocean
• HP forms over land
• Air moves HP → LP