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General characteristics of primates (6 answers) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.
Grasping hands and feet, opposable thumbs
2. Large brains relative to body
3. Better vision than sense of smell
4. Long lifespans and slow growth
5. Small litters
6. Complex social groups
What does it mean to have a slow life history? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Delayed
sexual maturation, longer interbirth periods, longer lifespan, engaging in
future-oriented behavior rather than impulse
What is the social intelligence hypothesis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Primates need
large brains to keep track of relationships within their large social groups
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,What is the behavioral flexibility hypothesis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Primates
need large brains to learn new behaviors from other members of their
social group
What is the evidence for the social intelligence hypothesis? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Species that live in larger groups have proportionately larger brains
What is the evidence against the social intelligence hypothesis? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Gorillas live in fairly small groups but have relatively large
brains / orangutans are solitary but also have relatively large brains
What is theory of mind? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Awareness of one's own mental
processes and the mental processes of others
Which animal groups are believed to have theory of mind? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Humans and other great apes (e.g. chimps, gorillas, orangutans)
What are the three circumstances required for fossil formation? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔1. Organism has hard body parts like bones, teeth, or shell
2. Low energy environment - not too much erosion, destruction
3. Bones buried quickly to avoid being scavenged by animals
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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, What are the benefits of sociality? (4 answers) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1.
Protection from predators
2. Help defending territory
3. Easier to find mates
4. Food and resource sharing
What are the costs of sociality? (2 answers) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Greater
risk of disease transmission
2. Competition for food and resources
What are three types of altruism? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Mutualism
2. Reciprocal altruism
3. Kin selection
Define mutualism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Both individuals benefit from the
relationship/action
Define reciprocal altruism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Behavior that benefits another
with the expectation that those benefits will be returned in the future
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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