BIOL 540 FINAL PT 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
71. Which statement is false in reference to the mammalian synthesis of urea?a.
Krebs was a major contributor to the elucidation of the pathway involved. b. The
amino acid arginine is the immediate precursor to urea.c. The carbon atom of urea is
derived from mitochondrial .
d. The precursor to one of the nitrogens of urea is aspartate.e. The process of urea
production is an energy-yielding series of reactions. - ANSWERe
72. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specialized fatty tissue present in some
hibernating and cold-adapted animals. The mitochondria of BAT contain an
additional protein called thermogenin, which spans the inner mitochondrial
membrane. What occurs when this protein is active?
a. decrease in the overall consumption of oxygenb. increase in the storage of
triglycerides in brown adipocytes c. significant increase in heat production
d. decrease in the flux of β oxidation in the matrixe. no change in the amount of ATP
produced per fatty acid catabolized - ANSWERc
73. In which pair of compounds is the second molecule produced by the deamination
of the first molecule? a. aspartic acid and oxaloacetateb. glutamine and glutamatec.
alanine and pyruvate
d. All of the answers are correct. - ANSWERd
74. Which statement is true regarding diabetes mellitus?a. Diabetes mellitus is
characterized by the abnormal depletion of blood glucose by the liver.b. Diabetes
mellitus is characterized by reduced levels of gluconeogenesis in the liver.c.
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the destruction of glucagon-secreting cells of
the pancreas.d. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the secretion of glucagon in the
urine leading to "sweet urine." e. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by ketonemia,
metabolic acidosis, and ketonuria. - ANSWERe
75. Which two hormones play a crucial role in regulating short-term eating behavior?
a. leptin and ghrelinb. cortisol and leptinc. ghrelin and PYY3-36
d. insulin and glucagone. adiponectin and PYY3-36 - ANSWERc
76. Which hormone acts on orexigenic neurons in the arcuate nucleus to produce
hunger before a meal? a. leptin
b. insulin c. ghrelin d. cortisol e. PPAR - ANSWERc
77. Conversion of ornithine to citrulline is a step in the synthesis of: a. aspartate.
b. carnitine. c. pyruvate. d. tyrosine. e. urea. - ANSWERe
78. The conversion of glutamate to an α-keto acid and :
, a. does not require any cofactors.b. is a reductive deamination.c. is accompanied by
ATP hydrolysis catalyzed by the same enzyme. d. is catalyzed by glutamate
dehydrogenase.e. requires ATP. - ANSWERd
79. Which statement is true regarding the conversion of arginine to ornithine in the
urea cycle? a. The enzyme catalyzing this reaction is a hydrolase.b. This enzyme-
catalyzed reaction occurs in the matrix.c. One of the products of this reaction is
fumarate.
d. The enzyme catalyzing this reaction is a ligase.e. The enzyme catalyzing this
reaction is a hydrolase, and the reaction occurs in a matrix. - ANSWERe
80. The largest energy store in a well-nourished human is: a. ATP in all tissues.b.
blood glucose.c. liver glycogen.
d. muscle glycogen.e. triacylglycerols in adipose tissue. - ANSWERe
81. In uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes, which occurs? a. overproduction of
β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate b. underproduction of β-hydroxybutyrate and
acetoacetate
c. overproduction of β-hydroxybutyrate and underproduction of acetoacetate d.
underproduction of β-hydroxybutyrate and overproduction of acetoacetate -
ANSWERa
82. After a meal rich in carbohydrates, which condition would NOT be expected? a.
adenylate cyclase deactivationb. increased activity of glucokinasec. glycogen
phosphorolysis
d. decreased secretion of glucagone. decreased production of β-hydroxybutyrate -
ANSWERc
83. Which amino acids are converted to α-ketoglutarate? 1. glycine2. glutamate3.
histidine
4. arginine 5. proline
a. 1,3,and5b. 2, 3, and 4c. 2,3,and5d. 2, 3, 4, and 5 e. 3,4,and5 - ANSWERd
84. The coenzyme involved in a transaminase reaction is: a. biotin phosphate.b.
lipoic acid.c. NADP+.
d. pyridoxal phosphate.e. thiamine pyrophosphate. - ANSWERd
85. Which statement is true regarding the late stages of starvation?
a. The brain has decreased its need for glucose by switching to lactate as a major
energy source.
b. High levels of acetyl-CoA derived from lipid catabolism lead to the production of
acetoacetate.
Ketone bodies are produced from amino acids liberated from noncritical proteins.
Gluconeogenesis is extremely active in the liver because of the large amounts of
lactate exported from the muscle.
Catabolism of triacylglycerols provides the major source of a gluconeogenic
metabolite in the form of glycerol. - ANSWERb
86. Which statement describes one of the roles of mTORC1?a. mTORC1 activates
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMP, resulting in energy production for cell
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
71. Which statement is false in reference to the mammalian synthesis of urea?a.
Krebs was a major contributor to the elucidation of the pathway involved. b. The
amino acid arginine is the immediate precursor to urea.c. The carbon atom of urea is
derived from mitochondrial .
d. The precursor to one of the nitrogens of urea is aspartate.e. The process of urea
production is an energy-yielding series of reactions. - ANSWERe
72. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specialized fatty tissue present in some
hibernating and cold-adapted animals. The mitochondria of BAT contain an
additional protein called thermogenin, which spans the inner mitochondrial
membrane. What occurs when this protein is active?
a. decrease in the overall consumption of oxygenb. increase in the storage of
triglycerides in brown adipocytes c. significant increase in heat production
d. decrease in the flux of β oxidation in the matrixe. no change in the amount of ATP
produced per fatty acid catabolized - ANSWERc
73. In which pair of compounds is the second molecule produced by the deamination
of the first molecule? a. aspartic acid and oxaloacetateb. glutamine and glutamatec.
alanine and pyruvate
d. All of the answers are correct. - ANSWERd
74. Which statement is true regarding diabetes mellitus?a. Diabetes mellitus is
characterized by the abnormal depletion of blood glucose by the liver.b. Diabetes
mellitus is characterized by reduced levels of gluconeogenesis in the liver.c.
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the destruction of glucagon-secreting cells of
the pancreas.d. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the secretion of glucagon in the
urine leading to "sweet urine." e. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by ketonemia,
metabolic acidosis, and ketonuria. - ANSWERe
75. Which two hormones play a crucial role in regulating short-term eating behavior?
a. leptin and ghrelinb. cortisol and leptinc. ghrelin and PYY3-36
d. insulin and glucagone. adiponectin and PYY3-36 - ANSWERc
76. Which hormone acts on orexigenic neurons in the arcuate nucleus to produce
hunger before a meal? a. leptin
b. insulin c. ghrelin d. cortisol e. PPAR - ANSWERc
77. Conversion of ornithine to citrulline is a step in the synthesis of: a. aspartate.
b. carnitine. c. pyruvate. d. tyrosine. e. urea. - ANSWERe
78. The conversion of glutamate to an α-keto acid and :
, a. does not require any cofactors.b. is a reductive deamination.c. is accompanied by
ATP hydrolysis catalyzed by the same enzyme. d. is catalyzed by glutamate
dehydrogenase.e. requires ATP. - ANSWERd
79. Which statement is true regarding the conversion of arginine to ornithine in the
urea cycle? a. The enzyme catalyzing this reaction is a hydrolase.b. This enzyme-
catalyzed reaction occurs in the matrix.c. One of the products of this reaction is
fumarate.
d. The enzyme catalyzing this reaction is a ligase.e. The enzyme catalyzing this
reaction is a hydrolase, and the reaction occurs in a matrix. - ANSWERe
80. The largest energy store in a well-nourished human is: a. ATP in all tissues.b.
blood glucose.c. liver glycogen.
d. muscle glycogen.e. triacylglycerols in adipose tissue. - ANSWERe
81. In uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes, which occurs? a. overproduction of
β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate b. underproduction of β-hydroxybutyrate and
acetoacetate
c. overproduction of β-hydroxybutyrate and underproduction of acetoacetate d.
underproduction of β-hydroxybutyrate and overproduction of acetoacetate -
ANSWERa
82. After a meal rich in carbohydrates, which condition would NOT be expected? a.
adenylate cyclase deactivationb. increased activity of glucokinasec. glycogen
phosphorolysis
d. decreased secretion of glucagone. decreased production of β-hydroxybutyrate -
ANSWERc
83. Which amino acids are converted to α-ketoglutarate? 1. glycine2. glutamate3.
histidine
4. arginine 5. proline
a. 1,3,and5b. 2, 3, and 4c. 2,3,and5d. 2, 3, 4, and 5 e. 3,4,and5 - ANSWERd
84. The coenzyme involved in a transaminase reaction is: a. biotin phosphate.b.
lipoic acid.c. NADP+.
d. pyridoxal phosphate.e. thiamine pyrophosphate. - ANSWERd
85. Which statement is true regarding the late stages of starvation?
a. The brain has decreased its need for glucose by switching to lactate as a major
energy source.
b. High levels of acetyl-CoA derived from lipid catabolism lead to the production of
acetoacetate.
Ketone bodies are produced from amino acids liberated from noncritical proteins.
Gluconeogenesis is extremely active in the liver because of the large amounts of
lactate exported from the muscle.
Catabolism of triacylglycerols provides the major source of a gluconeogenic
metabolite in the form of glycerol. - ANSWERb
86. Which statement describes one of the roles of mTORC1?a. mTORC1 activates
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMP, resulting in energy production for cell
