,2
,Not authorised for sale in United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands.
Acquisitions Editor: Mark Foss
Director of Product Development: Jennifer K. Forestieri
Development Editor: Roxanne Ward
Editorial Coordinator: Lindsay Ries
Marketing Manager: Katie Schlesinger
Production Project Manager: Marian Bellus
Design Coordinator: Joan Wendt
Manufacturing Coordinator: Kathleen Brown
Prepress Vendor: S4Carlisle Publishing Services
Fourth edition
Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer.
Third edition © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health. Second edition © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. First
edition © 2005 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any
information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical
articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are
not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market
Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at , or via our website at lww.com (products and services).
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek, author.
Title: Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare : a guide to best
practice / Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk, PhD, RN, APRN-CNP, FAANP, FNAP,
FAAN, Vice President for Health Promotion, University Chief Wellness
Officer, Dean and Professor, College of Nursing, Professor of Pediatrics &
Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Editor,
Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, Ellen Fineout-Overholt, PhD, RN,
FNAP, FAAN, Mary Coulter Dowdy Distinguished Professor of Nursing, College
of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Texas at Tyler, Editorial
Board, Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, Editorial Board, Research in
Nursing & Health.
Other titles: Evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare
Description: Fourth edition. | Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer Health, [2019] |
Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018032178 | eISBN 9781496386892
Subjects: LCSH: Evidence-based nursing—Practice. | Nurse
practitioners—Practice.
Classification: LCC RT42 .M44 2019 | DDC 610.73—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018032178
This work is provided “as is,” and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, express or implied, including any warranties as to accuracy,
comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work.
This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare professionals’ examination of each patient and consideration
of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior medical conditions, medication history, laboratory data, and other factors unique to
the patient. The publisher does not provide medical advice or guidance, and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and
not the publisher, are solely responsible for the use of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments.
3
, Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independent professional verification of medical diagnoses,
indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and treatment options should be made and healthcare professionals should
consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the
manufacturer’s package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings, and side effects and identify
any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used, or has a narrow
therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or
damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of
this work.
shop.lww.com
4
,Not authorised for sale in United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands.
Acquisitions Editor: Mark Foss
Director of Product Development: Jennifer K. Forestieri
Development Editor: Roxanne Ward
Editorial Coordinator: Lindsay Ries
Marketing Manager: Katie Schlesinger
Production Project Manager: Marian Bellus
Design Coordinator: Joan Wendt
Manufacturing Coordinator: Kathleen Brown
Prepress Vendor: S4Carlisle Publishing Services
Fourth edition
Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer.
Third edition © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health. Second edition © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. First
edition © 2005 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any
information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical
articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are
not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market
Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at , or via our website at lww.com (products and services).
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Melnyk, Bernadette Mazurek, author.
Title: Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare : a guide to best
practice / Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk, PhD, RN, APRN-CNP, FAANP, FNAP,
FAAN, Vice President for Health Promotion, University Chief Wellness
Officer, Dean and Professor, College of Nursing, Professor of Pediatrics &
Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Editor,
Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, Ellen Fineout-Overholt, PhD, RN,
FNAP, FAAN, Mary Coulter Dowdy Distinguished Professor of Nursing, College
of Nursing & Health Sciences, University of Texas at Tyler, Editorial
Board, Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, Editorial Board, Research in
Nursing & Health.
Other titles: Evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare
Description: Fourth edition. | Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer Health, [2019] |
Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018032178 | eISBN 9781496386892
Subjects: LCSH: Evidence-based nursing—Practice. | Nurse
practitioners—Practice.
Classification: LCC RT42 .M44 2019 | DDC 610.73—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018032178
This work is provided “as is,” and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, express or implied, including any warranties as to accuracy,
comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work.
This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare professionals’ examination of each patient and consideration
of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior medical conditions, medication history, laboratory data, and other factors unique to
the patient. The publisher does not provide medical advice or guidance, and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and
not the publisher, are solely responsible for the use of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments.
3
, Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independent professional verification of medical diagnoses,
indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and treatment options should be made and healthcare professionals should
consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the
manufacturer’s package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings, and side effects and identify
any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used, or has a narrow
therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or
damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of
this work.
shop.lww.com
4
