CLA 210 NCSU Exam 1 (Heinen) 2025 UPDATE|
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS (COMPLETE SOLUTIONS)
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Late Bronze age Mycenae takes over Crete, destroyed Knossos, and
(Mycenaean Age)(1600- becomes central power in 1450.
1150)
-Mycenae was destroyed, which resulted in cultural
and literary decline.
Early Dark Age(1250-900): -Then mainland Greeks resettle in Ionia, Dorians take
over.
-1250 marks Trojan war.
-Population growth and new trade.
Late Dark Age (900-750): -800-Greek alphabet, 776-First Olympic Games 700-
Greeks settle in Magna Graecia, S. Italy (Siciliy)
-Rise of City States (Thebes, Athens, and Sparta)
Archaic (750-480) -499: Ionian Greeks rebel which creates conflict with
Persia. 479- Xerxes was driven from Greece.
-First democracy.
-Athens is famous.
Classical(480-323):
-We see the rise of culture and lit (Socrates, Plato,
Euripides, Xenphon)
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-Alexander the Great dies, Greece falls.
Hellenistic(323-30): -Greeks then adapt Roman culture, Rome expands
beyond Italy, Romans translate Greek lit into Roman.
-A script that recorded a form of Mycenaean Greek
script and deciphered in 1952 (Ventris.) Used for
Linear B
keeping economic accounts. Found in Pylos,
Mycenae, &Thebes (showing cultural uniformity)
Isis - Egyptian
-Egyptian (Babylonian)
Inanna/Ishtar -Goddess of love & fertility (Meso diety).
-Attempts to seduce Gilgamesh; fails.
-Egyptian (Babylonian)
Gilgamesh
-King of Uruk
-Babylonian
-Sent by gods to divert Gilgamesh to relieve people
Enkidu
-Wild, naked and uncivilized until tamed by prostitute
-Fights and then becomes Gilgamesh's BFF
-Enkidu sent to help people of Uruk by stopping
Gilgamesh
-After fight, Enkidu and Gilgamesh become friends
-Both go on journey to Cedar Mtn to defeat Humbaba
Epic of Gilgamesh -Kill Bull of Heaven sent by Ishtar
-Enkidu sentenced to death
-After Enkidu's death, Gilgamesh goes on journey for
eternal life... doesn't find it.
-This resembles....
-1st European writer
Hesiod
-"Theogony" most important mythical texts to survive
-written by Hesiod
-Tells the origin of the universe through succeeding
Theogony
generations of gods.
-an elaborate hymn to Zeus
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-The man
-some of our earliest greek lit
Homer
-written down once greek alphabet was established,
oral stories before that.
-during archaic period
-collection of poems
Homeric Hymns -composed orally
-written to Demeter, Apollo, Hermes, and Aphrodite
-performed in specific places by aoidoi
-most surviving work of the mythographers
-straight forward account of mythical events from
Apollodorus
creation to death of Odyssesus
-primary source for creation story
1) Chaos, then
2) Gaea (Earth), then
Three Primordal elements 3) Tartarus (base of things)
---4) Eros (sex)
"There was Gaea.. and then Tartatus.."
-Parents: Uranus (Sky) & Gaea (Earth)
-Last born Titan
-Clever; hated father
-Uranus made Gaea hide their children inside her.
Cronus
Gaea is mad and comes up comes up with plot to
castrate Uranus.. Cronus does the deed
- Told by Uranus and Gaea he would be overthrown
by a son so he swallows his children as they are born.
Iapetus -father of Prometheus & Epimetheus (Twins, opposite)
-Titan
Prometheus -god of forethought
-entrusted with molding mankind, stole fire for men
-Titian
-God of afterthought
Epimetheus
-created all the animals and gave each one a specific
gift but did not leave a gift for man. Accepts Pandora.
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