PAEA EOC & Summative Practice ADVANCED EXAM PREP 2025/2026 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS <LATEST VERSSION>

PAEA EOC & Summative Practice ADVANCED EXAM PREP 2025/2026 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS &lt;LATEST VERSSION&gt; 1. neovascularization of the retina has a risk of what? - ANSWER vitreous hemorrhage (as well as traction retinal detachment) 2. neovascularization commonly occurs in cental retinal vein occlusion ("blood and thunder") 3. which immunoglobin is associated with urticaria? - ANSWER IgE 4. preferred treatment for toxoplasmosis - ANSWER sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine 5. what exactly causes the occlusive vascular disease of thromboangiitis obliterans? - ANSWER aka Buerger's disease inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small vessels (nonatherosclerosis) polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and multinucleated giant cells may be presen 6. Treatment options for thromboangiitis obliterans? - ANSWER smoking cessation most important! cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (alleviated symptoms) if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine) 7. what heart failure treatment provides a benefit of reduction in morbidity and mortality? - ANSWER ACE inhibitors beta blockers can also reduce M&M diuretics have no reduction in mortality 8. how would you manage a patient with a MI in the setting of cocaine use? - ANSWER benzodiazepine early no beta blockers 9. If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI patient within 120 minutes, what should be done? - ANSWER fibrolytic therapy then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms 10. If you suspect an acute limb ischemia due to arterial embolism, what imaging should you get? - ANSWER catheter-based arteriography (digital subtraction arteriography) provides the most useful information. can also help with treatment can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus 11. where are arterial emboli often found? - ANSWER lower extremities more common than upper extremities The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery bifurcations are frequent locations majority originate in the heart fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli are less likely to produce symptoms of acute limb ischemia 12. how would you work up a patient with treatment resistant hypertension that you suspect a secondary cause? - ANSWER 24-hour ambulatory monitoring (to ensure not white coat) medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds) physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits) labs (electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA) If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines and catecholamines in a 24-hour urine collection 13. other than atherosclerosis leading to renal artery stenosis and secondary HTN, what is another causes of a renal-associated secondary HTN? - ANSWER fibromuscular dysplasia (usually in a young pt) 14. most important modifable risk factor for AAA? - ANSWER smoking cessation! 15. when is it okay to do screening survelliance for AAA rather than repair and how often should you screen? - ANSWER if AAA is &lt;5.5 cm then annual screening with US is recommended. may need every 6 months if rapidly expanding or other concerns 16. besides glucose control, what are some other measures to help reduce the incidence of diabetic retinopathy? - ANSWER blood pressure control Statin therapy for dyslipidemia 17. when does nystagmus occur in the Dix Hallpike manuever in a pt with BPPV? how would you describe the eye movement? - ANSWER when the pt is laid back the nystagmus and vertigo typically occur a few seconds later and lasts less than 30 seconds Nystagmus direction depends on the canal involved. Posterior and anterior canals typically have a torsional aspect 18. what are some symptoms commonly associated with anemia related to B12/folate deficiency? - ANSWER shortness of breath & CP (severe anemia), fatigue, irritability, cognitive decline, palpitations, pallor 19. what are some GI tract sx associated with B12 and folate deficiencies? - ANSWER B12 - glossitis (including pain, swelling, tenderness, and loss of papillae of the tongue) folate - oral ulcers 20. what serum level can help differentiate folate from B12 deficiency? - ANSWER elevated homocysteine with a normal MMA (methylmalonic acid) both elevated homocysteine and MMA is a B12 deficiency, but additional folate deficiency cannot be ruled out 21. what is factor V's role in the clotting cascade? - ANSWER procoagulant clotting factor that amplifies the production of thrombin, the central enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin A small amount of thrombin at the site of a wound activates factor V by limited proteolysis. Works as a positive feedback loop 22. What is occuring in Factor V Leiden that leads to increased risk of VTE? - ANSWER a single point mutation of the factor V gene leads to factor V being insensitive to protein C (which is a natural anticoagulant) 23. what anti-nausea medication is suggested for treatment of concussion? which should be avoided? - ANSWER ondansetron is recommended for the first 1-2 days post-concussion avoid phenothiazines (metoclopromide & promethazine) due to adverse SEs such as drowsiness and orthostatic hypotension 24. what route of administration should antibiotics be given for bacterial meningitis? What should be given along side the antibiotics while treating empirically? - ANSWER IV works best to help better penetrate the BBB. give dexamethasone while organism is unknown. Intravenous administration of glucocorticoids (usually dexamethasone) prior to or at the time of administering antibiotics has been associated with a reduction in the rate of hearing loss, other neurologic complications, and mortality in patients with meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae 25. what antibiotics can be used for empiric tx of bacterial meningitis? (give answers based on age: &lt; 1 month old, 1-50 years old, &gt; 50 years old) - ANSWER &lt; 1 month: Ampicillin + cefotaxime 1-50 years old: vancomycin + 3rd gen cephalosporin  50 years old: vancomycin + ampicillin + 3rd gen cephalosporin 26. 2 most common pathogens of community acquired bacterial meningitis - ANSWER S. pneumoniae followed by N. meningitidis 27. treatment options for postherpetic neuralgia? (3) - ANSWER Gabapentin, pregabalin, and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs: amitriptyline) are generally the drugs of first choice 28. what is the single most important treatable risk factor for stroke? - ANSWER Hypertension