Biology STAAR Vocabulary Review
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Active Transport - CORRECT ANSWER - The movement of ions or molecules into or out
of a cell AGAINST a concentration gradient. This process will require energy, and the assistance
of a type of protein called a carrier protein.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - CORRECT ANSWER - A chemical compound that living
organisms use to store energy.
Bacteriophage - CORRECT ANSWER - A virus that attacks and destroys bacteria.
Carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER - A sugar (such as a monosaccharide, a
disaccharide, or a polysaccharide)
Cell - CORRECT ANSWER - The basic unit of all living organisms.
Cell Division - CORRECT ANSWER - The process that forms all of the cells necessary
for the growth and development of the multicellular organism.
Cellular Respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - The cellular process that released energy
when food molecules are broken down in the presence of oxygen.
Checkpoints - CORRECT ANSWER - These monitor various stages of the cell cycle.
They help monitor for DNA damage and for the proper alignment of the chromosomes during
metaphase.
Cytokinesis - CORRECT ANSWER - The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma
membrane following the division of the nucleus. This results in two cells, each having its own
nucleus and cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.
, Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - The movement of a substance from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
Disaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER - The carbohydrate formed when two
monosaccharides chemical react. They are sugars such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
Eukaryotic Cell - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of cell that has a "true" nucleus with a
defined nuclear membrane.
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - A state of balance or equilibrium. For example,
when cells move from one environment to another, they will, through the process of osmosis,
lose or gain water molecules to equalize the number of water molecules inside them and outside
them. This process establishes equilibrium.
Lipid - CORRECT ANSWER - One of the family of biomolecule compounds that are
insoluble in water, including fats, phospholipids, and steroids.
Lysis - CORRECT ANSWER - The destruction of a living cell.
Lysogenic Infection - CORRECT ANSWER - A method by which viruses replicate. In this
type of infection, the virus's gentic material combines with the DNA of the cell it invades
(prophage).
Lytic Infective - CORRECT ANSWER - A method by which viruses replicate. In this
method, a virus injects its genetic material into a living cell, causing the cell to make copies of
the virus. This method destroys the cell.
Macromolecule - CORRECT ANSWER - A very large molecule commonly created by the
repeated chemical bonding of smaller subunits (momoners).
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Active Transport - CORRECT ANSWER - The movement of ions or molecules into or out
of a cell AGAINST a concentration gradient. This process will require energy, and the assistance
of a type of protein called a carrier protein.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - CORRECT ANSWER - A chemical compound that living
organisms use to store energy.
Bacteriophage - CORRECT ANSWER - A virus that attacks and destroys bacteria.
Carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER - A sugar (such as a monosaccharide, a
disaccharide, or a polysaccharide)
Cell - CORRECT ANSWER - The basic unit of all living organisms.
Cell Division - CORRECT ANSWER - The process that forms all of the cells necessary
for the growth and development of the multicellular organism.
Cellular Respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - The cellular process that released energy
when food molecules are broken down in the presence of oxygen.
Checkpoints - CORRECT ANSWER - These monitor various stages of the cell cycle.
They help monitor for DNA damage and for the proper alignment of the chromosomes during
metaphase.
Cytokinesis - CORRECT ANSWER - The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma
membrane following the division of the nucleus. This results in two cells, each having its own
nucleus and cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.
, Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - The movement of a substance from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
Disaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER - The carbohydrate formed when two
monosaccharides chemical react. They are sugars such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
Eukaryotic Cell - CORRECT ANSWER - A type of cell that has a "true" nucleus with a
defined nuclear membrane.
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - A state of balance or equilibrium. For example,
when cells move from one environment to another, they will, through the process of osmosis,
lose or gain water molecules to equalize the number of water molecules inside them and outside
them. This process establishes equilibrium.
Lipid - CORRECT ANSWER - One of the family of biomolecule compounds that are
insoluble in water, including fats, phospholipids, and steroids.
Lysis - CORRECT ANSWER - The destruction of a living cell.
Lysogenic Infection - CORRECT ANSWER - A method by which viruses replicate. In this
type of infection, the virus's gentic material combines with the DNA of the cell it invades
(prophage).
Lytic Infective - CORRECT ANSWER - A method by which viruses replicate. In this
method, a virus injects its genetic material into a living cell, causing the cell to make copies of
the virus. This method destroys the cell.
Macromolecule - CORRECT ANSWER - A very large molecule commonly created by the
repeated chemical bonding of smaller subunits (momoners).
