TEST BANK
Genetics and Genomics in Nursing and Health Care
Theresa A. Beery, M. Linda Workman, and Julia A. Eggert
2nd Edition
www.Plusbay.Plus
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 DNA Structure and Function 1
Chapter 02 Protein Synthesis 9
Chapter 03 Genetic Influence on Cell Division, Differentiation, and Gametogenesis 19
Chapter 04 Patterns of Inheritance 29
Chapter 05 Epigenetic Influences on Gene Expression 43
Chapter 06 Autosomal Inheritance and Disorders 47
Chapter 07 Sex Chromosome and Mitochondrial Inheritance and Disorders 55
Chapter 08 Family History and Pedigree Construction 61
Chapter 09 Congenital Anomalies, Basic Dysmorphology, and Genetic Assessment 68
Chapter 10 Enzyme and Collagen Disorders 74
Chapter 11 Common Childhood-Onset Genetic Disorders 84
Chapter 12 Common Adult-Onset Disorders 95
Chapter 13 Cardiovascular Disorders 103
Chapter 14 The Genetics of Cancer 110
Chapter 15 Genetic Contributions to Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders 119
Chapter 16 Genetic and Genomic Testing 124
Chapter 17 Assessing Genomic Variation in Drug Response 129
Chapter 18 Health Professionals and Genomic Care 135
Chapter 19 Financial, Ethical, Legal, and Social Considerations 140
Chapter 20 Genetic and Genomic Variation 144
www.Plusbay.Plus
, Test76Bank76-
76Genetics76and76Genomics76in76Nursing76and76Health76Care,762nd76Edition76(Beery,7
Chapter 1: DNA Structure and Function
62019)
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In which body or cell area are most genes in humans located?
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondrion
c. Cytoplasm
d. Plasma membrane
ANS: A
Most genes are part of the DNA located in the nucleus of body cells. Only a few genes are
located in a cell’s mitochondrion or mitochondria. There are no genes or DNA in either the
cytoplasm or the plasma membranes of any cell.
2. Which condition or statement exemplifies the concept of genomics rather than genetics?
a. The gene for insulin is located on chromosome 11 in all people.
b. Expression of any single gene is dependent on inheriting two alleles.
c. Sex-linked recessive disorders affect males more often than females.
d. One allele for each gene is inherited from the mother, and one is inherited from the
father.
ANS: A
Genetics is the study of the general mechanisms of heredity and the variation of inherited
traits. Genomics is the study of the function of all the nucleotide sequences present within
the entire genome of a s p e c i e s , Wi nWcW
l u.d iTn B
gSgeMn.
esWiS
n DNA coding regions and DNA noncoding
regions. Selections B, C, and D all refer to mechanisms of heredity. Only selection A refers
to the function of a specific nucleotide sequence.
3. What is the purpose of phosphorous in a DNA strand?
a. Linking the nucleotides into a strand
b. Holding complementary strands together
c. Ensuring that a purine is always paired with a pyrimidine
d. Preventing the separation of double-stranded DNA into single-stranded DNA
ANS: A
Each nucleoside becomes a complete nucleotide when a phosphate group is attached. The
phosphates have multiple binding sites, and each one can link to two nucleotides. These
linkages allow the nucleotides to be connected when placed into the DNA strand. The
nucleotides within each strand are held in position by the linked phosphate groups, which
act like the string holding a strand of beads together, forming a necklace.
4. What is the term used to define alternative forms of a gene that may result in different
expression of the trait coded for by that gene?
a. Alleles
b. Bases
c. Centromeres
d. Diploids
ANS:7 6 A
www.Plusbay.Plus 176|76P76a76
g76e
, Test76Bank76-
76Genetics76and76Genomics76in76Nursing76and76Health76Care,762nd76Edition76(Beery,7
6For76each76single76gene,76two76alternative76forms76of76that76gene,76known76as76alleles,76tog
2019)
ether76control76how76that76gene76is76expressed.76The76alleles76may76be76identical76in76their76
sequence76but76do76not76have76to76be.76When76a76dominant76allele76is76paired76with76a76rece
ssive76allele,76only76the76dominant76allele76is76expressed,76and76the76recessive76allele76is76si
lent.76When76a76dominant76allele76is76paired76with76another76dominant76allele,76they76are76b
oth76expressed76(usually76equally).76Recessive76alleles76are76only76expressed76when76they76
are76homozygous.76Bases76are76the76essential76part76of76a76nucleotide,76of76which76there76ar
e76many76within76any76gene76region.76Centromeres76are76the76pinched-
in76part76of76a76chromosome76between76the76p76arms76and76the76q76arms.76The76term76diploi
d76refers76to76the76normal76number76of76chromosome76pairs76within76a76cell.76It76is76an76adj
ective,76not76a76noun.76Therefore,76the76plural76diploids76does76not76exist.
5. What76percentage76of76bases76in76a76stretch76of76double-
stranded76DNA76that76contains7630%76guanine
(G)76bases76would76be76adenine76(A)?
a. 70%
b. 60%
c. 30%
d. 20%
ANS:7 6 7 6 D
Because76of76complementary76pairing,76if7630%76of76the76bases76are76guanine76(G),76which76al
ways76pairs76with76cytosine76C,76these76two76bases76account76for7660%76of76the76total76bases76
in76this76stretch.76The76remaining76bases76make76up7640%76of76the76total.76This7640%76is76co
mposed76of76equal76percentages76of76thymine76(T)76and76adenine76(A).
6. What76is76the76term76used76to76describe76the76organized76picture76of76the76paired76chromos
omes76within76a76cell76used76to76determine76whether76chromosome76numbers,76structures,7
6and76banding76patterns76are
normal? WWW.TBSM.WS
a. Pedigree
b. Phenotype
c. Karyotype
d. Autotype
ANS:7 6 7 6 C
A76karyotype76is76a76picture76of76an76organized76arrangement76of76all76of76the76chromosome
s76within76one76cell76during76the76metaphase76section76of76mitosis.76The76chromosomes76are7
6paired76and76then76arranged76by76number76according76to76size76and76centromere76position.7
6The76banding76pattern76of76each76pair76is76analyzed76to76determine76whether76areas76have76
been76deleted,76expanded,76or76translocated.76A76pedigree76also76is76a76picture,76but76it76illu
strates76several76generations76of76a76family76history.
Phenotypes76are76observable76traits.76Autotype76is76not76a76genetic76term.
7. What76would76be76the76sequence76of76DNA76that76is76complementary76to76a76DNA76section7
6with76the76base76sequence76of76GGTCAATCCTTAG?
a. GATTCCTAACTGG
b. TTGACCGAAGGCT
c. AACTGGCTTCCGA
d. CCAGTTAGGAATC
76ANS:7 6 D
www.Plusbay.Plus 276|76P76a76
g76e
Genetics and Genomics in Nursing and Health Care
Theresa A. Beery, M. Linda Workman, and Julia A. Eggert
2nd Edition
www.Plusbay.Plus
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 DNA Structure and Function 1
Chapter 02 Protein Synthesis 9
Chapter 03 Genetic Influence on Cell Division, Differentiation, and Gametogenesis 19
Chapter 04 Patterns of Inheritance 29
Chapter 05 Epigenetic Influences on Gene Expression 43
Chapter 06 Autosomal Inheritance and Disorders 47
Chapter 07 Sex Chromosome and Mitochondrial Inheritance and Disorders 55
Chapter 08 Family History and Pedigree Construction 61
Chapter 09 Congenital Anomalies, Basic Dysmorphology, and Genetic Assessment 68
Chapter 10 Enzyme and Collagen Disorders 74
Chapter 11 Common Childhood-Onset Genetic Disorders 84
Chapter 12 Common Adult-Onset Disorders 95
Chapter 13 Cardiovascular Disorders 103
Chapter 14 The Genetics of Cancer 110
Chapter 15 Genetic Contributions to Psychiatric and Behavioral Disorders 119
Chapter 16 Genetic and Genomic Testing 124
Chapter 17 Assessing Genomic Variation in Drug Response 129
Chapter 18 Health Professionals and Genomic Care 135
Chapter 19 Financial, Ethical, Legal, and Social Considerations 140
Chapter 20 Genetic and Genomic Variation 144
www.Plusbay.Plus
, Test76Bank76-
76Genetics76and76Genomics76in76Nursing76and76Health76Care,762nd76Edition76(Beery,7
Chapter 1: DNA Structure and Function
62019)
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. In which body or cell area are most genes in humans located?
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondrion
c. Cytoplasm
d. Plasma membrane
ANS: A
Most genes are part of the DNA located in the nucleus of body cells. Only a few genes are
located in a cell’s mitochondrion or mitochondria. There are no genes or DNA in either the
cytoplasm or the plasma membranes of any cell.
2. Which condition or statement exemplifies the concept of genomics rather than genetics?
a. The gene for insulin is located on chromosome 11 in all people.
b. Expression of any single gene is dependent on inheriting two alleles.
c. Sex-linked recessive disorders affect males more often than females.
d. One allele for each gene is inherited from the mother, and one is inherited from the
father.
ANS: A
Genetics is the study of the general mechanisms of heredity and the variation of inherited
traits. Genomics is the study of the function of all the nucleotide sequences present within
the entire genome of a s p e c i e s , Wi nWcW
l u.d iTn B
gSgeMn.
esWiS
n DNA coding regions and DNA noncoding
regions. Selections B, C, and D all refer to mechanisms of heredity. Only selection A refers
to the function of a specific nucleotide sequence.
3. What is the purpose of phosphorous in a DNA strand?
a. Linking the nucleotides into a strand
b. Holding complementary strands together
c. Ensuring that a purine is always paired with a pyrimidine
d. Preventing the separation of double-stranded DNA into single-stranded DNA
ANS: A
Each nucleoside becomes a complete nucleotide when a phosphate group is attached. The
phosphates have multiple binding sites, and each one can link to two nucleotides. These
linkages allow the nucleotides to be connected when placed into the DNA strand. The
nucleotides within each strand are held in position by the linked phosphate groups, which
act like the string holding a strand of beads together, forming a necklace.
4. What is the term used to define alternative forms of a gene that may result in different
expression of the trait coded for by that gene?
a. Alleles
b. Bases
c. Centromeres
d. Diploids
ANS:7 6 A
www.Plusbay.Plus 176|76P76a76
g76e
, Test76Bank76-
76Genetics76and76Genomics76in76Nursing76and76Health76Care,762nd76Edition76(Beery,7
6For76each76single76gene,76two76alternative76forms76of76that76gene,76known76as76alleles,76tog
2019)
ether76control76how76that76gene76is76expressed.76The76alleles76may76be76identical76in76their76
sequence76but76do76not76have76to76be.76When76a76dominant76allele76is76paired76with76a76rece
ssive76allele,76only76the76dominant76allele76is76expressed,76and76the76recessive76allele76is76si
lent.76When76a76dominant76allele76is76paired76with76another76dominant76allele,76they76are76b
oth76expressed76(usually76equally).76Recessive76alleles76are76only76expressed76when76they76
are76homozygous.76Bases76are76the76essential76part76of76a76nucleotide,76of76which76there76ar
e76many76within76any76gene76region.76Centromeres76are76the76pinched-
in76part76of76a76chromosome76between76the76p76arms76and76the76q76arms.76The76term76diploi
d76refers76to76the76normal76number76of76chromosome76pairs76within76a76cell.76It76is76an76adj
ective,76not76a76noun.76Therefore,76the76plural76diploids76does76not76exist.
5. What76percentage76of76bases76in76a76stretch76of76double-
stranded76DNA76that76contains7630%76guanine
(G)76bases76would76be76adenine76(A)?
a. 70%
b. 60%
c. 30%
d. 20%
ANS:7 6 7 6 D
Because76of76complementary76pairing,76if7630%76of76the76bases76are76guanine76(G),76which76al
ways76pairs76with76cytosine76C,76these76two76bases76account76for7660%76of76the76total76bases76
in76this76stretch.76The76remaining76bases76make76up7640%76of76the76total.76This7640%76is76co
mposed76of76equal76percentages76of76thymine76(T)76and76adenine76(A).
6. What76is76the76term76used76to76describe76the76organized76picture76of76the76paired76chromos
omes76within76a76cell76used76to76determine76whether76chromosome76numbers,76structures,7
6and76banding76patterns76are
normal? WWW.TBSM.WS
a. Pedigree
b. Phenotype
c. Karyotype
d. Autotype
ANS:7 6 7 6 C
A76karyotype76is76a76picture76of76an76organized76arrangement76of76all76of76the76chromosome
s76within76one76cell76during76the76metaphase76section76of76mitosis.76The76chromosomes76are7
6paired76and76then76arranged76by76number76according76to76size76and76centromere76position.7
6The76banding76pattern76of76each76pair76is76analyzed76to76determine76whether76areas76have76
been76deleted,76expanded,76or76translocated.76A76pedigree76also76is76a76picture,76but76it76illu
strates76several76generations76of76a76family76history.
Phenotypes76are76observable76traits.76Autotype76is76not76a76genetic76term.
7. What76would76be76the76sequence76of76DNA76that76is76complementary76to76a76DNA76section7
6with76the76base76sequence76of76GGTCAATCCTTAG?
a. GATTCCTAACTGG
b. TTGACCGAAGGCT
c. AACTGGCTTCCGA
d. CCAGTTAGGAATC
76ANS:7 6 D
www.Plusbay.Plus 276|76P76a76
g76e
