HESI 700 Comprehensive Exam
review with correct answers.
Following discharge teaching, a male client with duodenal ulcer tells the nurse the he will drink
plenty of dairy products, such as milk, to help coat and protect his ulcer. What is the best
follow-up action by the nurse?
a. Remind the client that it is also important to switch to decaffeinated coffee and tea.
b. Suggest that the client also plan to eat frequent small meals to reduce discomfort
c. Review with the client the need to avoid foods that are rich in milk and cream.
d. Reinforce this teaching by asking the client to list a dairy food that he might select. - Ans
Review with the client the need to avoid foods that are rich in milk and cream
Rationale: Diets rich in milk and cream stimulate gastric acid secretion and should be avoided.
A male client with hypertension, who received new antihypertensive prescriptions at his last
visit returns to the clinic two weeks later to evaluate his blood pressure (BP). His BP is 158/106
and he admits that he has not been taking the prescribed medication because the drugs make
him "feel bad". In explaining the need for hypertension control, the nurse should stress that an
elevated BP places the client at risk for which pathophysiological condition?
a. Blindness secondary to cataracts
b. Acute kidney injury due to glomerular damage
c. Stroke secondary to hemorrhage
d. Heart block due to myocardial damage - Ans Stroke secondary to hemorrhage
Rationale: Stroke related to cerebral hemorrhage is major risk for uncontrolled hypertension,
which can damage the blood vessel walls and cause the blood vessel to leak or burst.
,The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) positioning a newly admitted client
who has a seizure disorder. The client is supine and the UAP is placing soft pillows along the
side rails. What action should the nurse implement?
a. Ensure that the UAP has placed the pillows effectively to protect the client.
b. Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails instead of pillows.
c. Assume responsibility for placing the pillows while the UAP completes another task.
d. Ask the UAP to use some of the pillows to prop the client in a side lying position. - Ans
Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails instead of pillows
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the UAP to pad the side rails with soft blankest because the
use of pillows could result in suffocation and would need to be removed at the onset of the
seizure. The nurse can delegate paddling the side rails to the UAP
An adolescent with major depressive disorder has been taking duloxetine (Cymbalta) for the
past 12 days. Which assessment finding requires immediate follow-up?
a. Describes life without purpose
b. Complains of nausea and loss of appetite
c. States is often fatigued and drowsy
d. Exhibits an increase in sweating. - Ans Describes life without purpose
Rationale: Cymbalta is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that is
known to increase the risk of suicidal thinking in adolescents and young adults with major
depressive disorder. B, C and D are side effects
A 60-year-old female client with a positive family history of ovarian cancer has developed an
abdominal mass and is being evaluated for possible ovarian cancer. Her Papanicolau (Pap)
,smear results are negative. What information should the nurse include in the client's teaching
plan
a. Further evaluation involving surgery may be needed
b. A pelvic exam is also needed before cancer is ruled out
c. Pap smear evaluation should be continued every six month
d. One additional negative pap smear in six months is needed. - Ans Further evaluation
involving surgery may be needed
Rationale: An abdominal mass in a client with a family history for ovarian cancer should be
evaluated carefully
A client who recently underwent a tracheostomy is being prepared for discharge to home.
Which instructions is most important for the nurse to include in the discharge plan?
a. Explain how to use communication tools.
b. Teach tracheal suctioning techniques
c. Encourage self-care and independence.
d. Demonstrate how to clean tracheostomy site. - Ans Teach tracheal suctioning techniques
Rationale: Suctioning helps to clear secretions and maintain an open airway, which is critical.
In assessing an adult client with a partial rebreather mask, the nurse notes that the oxygen
reservoir bag does not deflate completely during inspiration and the client's respiratory rate is
14 breaths / minute. What action should the nurse implement
a. Encourage the client to take deep breaths
b. Remove the mask to deflate the bag
c. Increase the liter flow of oxygen
, d. Document the assessment data - Ans Document the assessment data
Rational: reservoir bag should not deflate completely during inspiration and the client's
respiratory rate is within normal limits.
During shift report, the central electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring system alarms. Which client
alarm should the nurse investigate first?
a. Respiratory apnea of 30 seconds
b. Oxygen saturation rate of 88%
c. Eight premature ventricular beats every minute
d. Disconnected monitor signal for the last 6 minutes. - Ans Respiratory apnea of 30 seconds
Rationale: The priority is the client whose alarm indicating respiratory apnea that should be
assessed first.
During a home visit, the nurse observed an elderly client with diabetes slip and fall. What action
should the nurse take first?
a. Give the client 4 ounces of orange juice
b. Call 911 to summon emergency assistance
c. Check the client for lacerations or fractures
d. Asses clients blood sugar level - Ans Check the client for lacerations or fractures
Rationale: After the client falls, the nurse should immediately assess for the possibility of
injuries and provide first aid as needed
review with correct answers.
Following discharge teaching, a male client with duodenal ulcer tells the nurse the he will drink
plenty of dairy products, such as milk, to help coat and protect his ulcer. What is the best
follow-up action by the nurse?
a. Remind the client that it is also important to switch to decaffeinated coffee and tea.
b. Suggest that the client also plan to eat frequent small meals to reduce discomfort
c. Review with the client the need to avoid foods that are rich in milk and cream.
d. Reinforce this teaching by asking the client to list a dairy food that he might select. - Ans
Review with the client the need to avoid foods that are rich in milk and cream
Rationale: Diets rich in milk and cream stimulate gastric acid secretion and should be avoided.
A male client with hypertension, who received new antihypertensive prescriptions at his last
visit returns to the clinic two weeks later to evaluate his blood pressure (BP). His BP is 158/106
and he admits that he has not been taking the prescribed medication because the drugs make
him "feel bad". In explaining the need for hypertension control, the nurse should stress that an
elevated BP places the client at risk for which pathophysiological condition?
a. Blindness secondary to cataracts
b. Acute kidney injury due to glomerular damage
c. Stroke secondary to hemorrhage
d. Heart block due to myocardial damage - Ans Stroke secondary to hemorrhage
Rationale: Stroke related to cerebral hemorrhage is major risk for uncontrolled hypertension,
which can damage the blood vessel walls and cause the blood vessel to leak or burst.
,The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) positioning a newly admitted client
who has a seizure disorder. The client is supine and the UAP is placing soft pillows along the
side rails. What action should the nurse implement?
a. Ensure that the UAP has placed the pillows effectively to protect the client.
b. Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails instead of pillows.
c. Assume responsibility for placing the pillows while the UAP completes another task.
d. Ask the UAP to use some of the pillows to prop the client in a side lying position. - Ans
Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails instead of pillows
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the UAP to pad the side rails with soft blankest because the
use of pillows could result in suffocation and would need to be removed at the onset of the
seizure. The nurse can delegate paddling the side rails to the UAP
An adolescent with major depressive disorder has been taking duloxetine (Cymbalta) for the
past 12 days. Which assessment finding requires immediate follow-up?
a. Describes life without purpose
b. Complains of nausea and loss of appetite
c. States is often fatigued and drowsy
d. Exhibits an increase in sweating. - Ans Describes life without purpose
Rationale: Cymbalta is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that is
known to increase the risk of suicidal thinking in adolescents and young adults with major
depressive disorder. B, C and D are side effects
A 60-year-old female client with a positive family history of ovarian cancer has developed an
abdominal mass and is being evaluated for possible ovarian cancer. Her Papanicolau (Pap)
,smear results are negative. What information should the nurse include in the client's teaching
plan
a. Further evaluation involving surgery may be needed
b. A pelvic exam is also needed before cancer is ruled out
c. Pap smear evaluation should be continued every six month
d. One additional negative pap smear in six months is needed. - Ans Further evaluation
involving surgery may be needed
Rationale: An abdominal mass in a client with a family history for ovarian cancer should be
evaluated carefully
A client who recently underwent a tracheostomy is being prepared for discharge to home.
Which instructions is most important for the nurse to include in the discharge plan?
a. Explain how to use communication tools.
b. Teach tracheal suctioning techniques
c. Encourage self-care and independence.
d. Demonstrate how to clean tracheostomy site. - Ans Teach tracheal suctioning techniques
Rationale: Suctioning helps to clear secretions and maintain an open airway, which is critical.
In assessing an adult client with a partial rebreather mask, the nurse notes that the oxygen
reservoir bag does not deflate completely during inspiration and the client's respiratory rate is
14 breaths / minute. What action should the nurse implement
a. Encourage the client to take deep breaths
b. Remove the mask to deflate the bag
c. Increase the liter flow of oxygen
, d. Document the assessment data - Ans Document the assessment data
Rational: reservoir bag should not deflate completely during inspiration and the client's
respiratory rate is within normal limits.
During shift report, the central electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring system alarms. Which client
alarm should the nurse investigate first?
a. Respiratory apnea of 30 seconds
b. Oxygen saturation rate of 88%
c. Eight premature ventricular beats every minute
d. Disconnected monitor signal for the last 6 minutes. - Ans Respiratory apnea of 30 seconds
Rationale: The priority is the client whose alarm indicating respiratory apnea that should be
assessed first.
During a home visit, the nurse observed an elderly client with diabetes slip and fall. What action
should the nurse take first?
a. Give the client 4 ounces of orange juice
b. Call 911 to summon emergency assistance
c. Check the client for lacerations or fractures
d. Asses clients blood sugar level - Ans Check the client for lacerations or fractures
Rationale: After the client falls, the nurse should immediately assess for the possibility of
injuries and provide first aid as needed
