Next Generation RN
,Management
The first step is to determine if the cause is allergic, viral or bacterial.
The client can use antihistamines and decongestants to manage
symptoms and NSAIDs if they have a headache. meds icon
If the cause is bacterial, anti-infectives may be prescribed. meds icon
If the cause is an allergy, clients should eliminate their exposure to the
allergic causes and use desensitization immunizations or treatments. In
the event of both viral or bacterial causes, encourage fluid intake, rest,
gargling with salt water and increased intake of vitamin C and
zinc.alternative therapy icon
Nursing Interventions
Administer the prescribed medications for relief and educate the client
about how to reduce allergens, proper medication administration and
good hand-washing technique.
Nose and sinuses
The nose and sinuses filter, warm and humidify air and are the first
defense against foreign particles. In deep breathing, inhalation usually
,occurs through the nose and exhalation usually occurs through the
mouth.
Sinusitis
Sinusitis is the inflammation of one or more of the paranasal sinuses.
Etiology
Sinusitis can be caused by a virus or bacteria. Tooth infections, allergic
rhinitis, sniffing aerosols/powders and swimming underwater can often
lead to sinusitis. Structural defects of the nose may also cause sinusitis.
Assessment Findings
Clients will complain of a frontal headache, tenderness over the affected
sinus(es), especially when palpated or percussed and purulent nasal
drainage and congestion. They may also complain of tooth pain, general
malaise and fever.
Diagnostic Studies
Chronic suffers may require an X-ray or CT to evaluate the fluid buildup
in sinuses and mucous membrane swelling.
, Management
Pharmacologic interventions may include: meds icon
Nasal saline, decongestants and nasal corticosteroids
Mucolytics, antihistamines, analgesics, antipyretics and antibiotics
Sinus irrigation can help clear and open sinus cavities.
Clients with chronic sinusitis may be candidates for surgery to drain and
open the sinuses.
Nursing Interventions
Administer (and teach) clients about taking prescribed medications and
encourage fluid intake (at least six to eight 8 ounce glasses of
non-carbonated, non-alcoholic beverages daily).
Nasal cleaning techniques include hot showers, steam inhalation or
nasal irrigation with saline spray, followed by nose blowing.
Perform nasal irrigation as needed.
Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the
pharynx.
,Management
The first step is to determine if the cause is allergic, viral or bacterial.
The client can use antihistamines and decongestants to manage
symptoms and NSAIDs if they have a headache. meds icon
If the cause is bacterial, anti-infectives may be prescribed. meds icon
If the cause is an allergy, clients should eliminate their exposure to the
allergic causes and use desensitization immunizations or treatments. In
the event of both viral or bacterial causes, encourage fluid intake, rest,
gargling with salt water and increased intake of vitamin C and
zinc.alternative therapy icon
Nursing Interventions
Administer the prescribed medications for relief and educate the client
about how to reduce allergens, proper medication administration and
good hand-washing technique.
Nose and sinuses
The nose and sinuses filter, warm and humidify air and are the first
defense against foreign particles. In deep breathing, inhalation usually
,occurs through the nose and exhalation usually occurs through the
mouth.
Sinusitis
Sinusitis is the inflammation of one or more of the paranasal sinuses.
Etiology
Sinusitis can be caused by a virus or bacteria. Tooth infections, allergic
rhinitis, sniffing aerosols/powders and swimming underwater can often
lead to sinusitis. Structural defects of the nose may also cause sinusitis.
Assessment Findings
Clients will complain of a frontal headache, tenderness over the affected
sinus(es), especially when palpated or percussed and purulent nasal
drainage and congestion. They may also complain of tooth pain, general
malaise and fever.
Diagnostic Studies
Chronic suffers may require an X-ray or CT to evaluate the fluid buildup
in sinuses and mucous membrane swelling.
, Management
Pharmacologic interventions may include: meds icon
Nasal saline, decongestants and nasal corticosteroids
Mucolytics, antihistamines, analgesics, antipyretics and antibiotics
Sinus irrigation can help clear and open sinus cavities.
Clients with chronic sinusitis may be candidates for surgery to drain and
open the sinuses.
Nursing Interventions
Administer (and teach) clients about taking prescribed medications and
encourage fluid intake (at least six to eight 8 ounce glasses of
non-carbonated, non-alcoholic beverages daily).
Nasal cleaning techniques include hot showers, steam inhalation or
nasal irrigation with saline spray, followed by nose blowing.
Perform nasal irrigation as needed.
Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the
pharynx.
