Advanced Health Assessment
Gastrointestinal
The stomach is part of the ailmentary tract? T/F - ANSWERTrue, the tract includes the esophagus, stomach,
small intestines and large intestines
The following are all functions of the alimentary tract EXCEPT
A. ingest and digest food.
B. Concentrate and store bile.
C. Absorb nutrients, electrolytes, and water
D. Excrete waste products - ANSWERB. The gallbladder concentrates and stores bile
What is the main function of the small intestines? - ANSWERAbsorption of nutrients
What is the main function of the large intestines? - ANSWERAbsorb water and transport waste.
Which organ is the heaviest and name one function of this organ? - ANSWERThe liver
Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Glucose is converted and stored as glycogen
converts amino acids to glucose
Fatty acids are oxidized to 2 carbon components
Cholesterol is used by liver to form bile salts.
Synthesis of fats from carbs and proteins.
etc.
What hormone produced in the duodenum causes the gallbladder to release bile? - ANSWERCholecystokinin
, What two organs are both endocrine and exocrine organs and what are their functions? - ANSWERPancreas -
exocrine produces digestive juices to breakdown proteins, fats, and carbohydrates and endocrine Gland -
produce the hormones insulin and glucagon.
Kidney - Excretory responsible for removal of water-soluble waste and endocrine gland - responsible for the
production of renin, which controls aldosterone secretion. Primary source of erythropoietin production -
body's red cell mass. Synthesizes prostaglandins and produces Active form of Vitamin D.
What organ is located in the left upper quadrant and filters blood in the white pulp? - ANSWERSpleen - also
manufactures lymphocytes and monocytes.
Red pulp storage and release of blood.
What is the line of pigmentation at the midline of the abdomen seen in pregnant women? - ANSWERLinea
Nigra
Why are pregnant women constipated? - ANSWERGastrointestinal transit time is prolonged in 2nd and 3rd
trimesters
What are some common risk factors for colon cancer? - ANSWERAge > 50 years
Family history
Personal history of colon cancer
Personal history of ovarian or endometrial cancer
Ethnic background: Ashkenazi Jewish
Low-fiber and high-fat diet
Low fruit and vegetable intake
Obesity
Smoking
Lack of regular activity
ETOH
There are nine quadrants and four regions of the abdomen? T/F - ANSWERFalse
Nine regions
1. epigastric
Gastrointestinal
The stomach is part of the ailmentary tract? T/F - ANSWERTrue, the tract includes the esophagus, stomach,
small intestines and large intestines
The following are all functions of the alimentary tract EXCEPT
A. ingest and digest food.
B. Concentrate and store bile.
C. Absorb nutrients, electrolytes, and water
D. Excrete waste products - ANSWERB. The gallbladder concentrates and stores bile
What is the main function of the small intestines? - ANSWERAbsorption of nutrients
What is the main function of the large intestines? - ANSWERAbsorb water and transport waste.
Which organ is the heaviest and name one function of this organ? - ANSWERThe liver
Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Glucose is converted and stored as glycogen
converts amino acids to glucose
Fatty acids are oxidized to 2 carbon components
Cholesterol is used by liver to form bile salts.
Synthesis of fats from carbs and proteins.
etc.
What hormone produced in the duodenum causes the gallbladder to release bile? - ANSWERCholecystokinin
, What two organs are both endocrine and exocrine organs and what are their functions? - ANSWERPancreas -
exocrine produces digestive juices to breakdown proteins, fats, and carbohydrates and endocrine Gland -
produce the hormones insulin and glucagon.
Kidney - Excretory responsible for removal of water-soluble waste and endocrine gland - responsible for the
production of renin, which controls aldosterone secretion. Primary source of erythropoietin production -
body's red cell mass. Synthesizes prostaglandins and produces Active form of Vitamin D.
What organ is located in the left upper quadrant and filters blood in the white pulp? - ANSWERSpleen - also
manufactures lymphocytes and monocytes.
Red pulp storage and release of blood.
What is the line of pigmentation at the midline of the abdomen seen in pregnant women? - ANSWERLinea
Nigra
Why are pregnant women constipated? - ANSWERGastrointestinal transit time is prolonged in 2nd and 3rd
trimesters
What are some common risk factors for colon cancer? - ANSWERAge > 50 years
Family history
Personal history of colon cancer
Personal history of ovarian or endometrial cancer
Ethnic background: Ashkenazi Jewish
Low-fiber and high-fat diet
Low fruit and vegetable intake
Obesity
Smoking
Lack of regular activity
ETOH
There are nine quadrants and four regions of the abdomen? T/F - ANSWERFalse
Nine regions
1. epigastric
