Page261
, Porth's26Pathophysiology26Concepts26of26Altered26Health2611th26Edition26Test26Ba
nk
Chapter261-26Concepts26of26Health26and26Disease
1. At26an26international26nursing26conference,26many26discussions26and26breakout26sessions26
focused26on26the26World26Health26Organization26(WHO)26views26on26health.26Of26the26fol
lowing26comments26made26by26nurses26during26a26discussion26session,26which26statement
s26would26be26considered26a26good26representation26of26the26WHO26definition?26Select26al
l26that26apply.
A) Interests26in26keeping26the26elderly26population26engaged26in26such26activities26
as26book26reviews26and26word26games26during26social26time
B) Increase26in26the26number26of26chair26aerobics26classes26provided26in26the26ski
lled26care26facilities
C) Interventions26geared26toward26keeping26the26elderly26population26diagnosed26with
26diabetes26mellitus26under26tight26blood26glucose26control26by26providing26in-
home26cooking26classes
D) Providing26transportation26for26renal26dialysis26patients26to26and26from26their26hemo
dialysis26sessions
E) Providing26handwashing26teaching26sessions26to26a26group26of26young26c
hildren26Ans:2 6 A,26B,26C,26E
Feedback:
The26WHO26definition26of26health26is26defined26as26―a26state26of26complete26physical,26me
ntal,26and26social26well-
being26and26not26merely26the26absence26of26disease26and26infirmity.‖26Engaging26in26book
26reviews26facilitates26mental26and26social26well-
being;26chair26aerobics26helps26facilitate26physical26well-
being;26and26assisting26with26tight26control26of26diabetes26helps26with26facilitating26physic
al26well-
being26even26though26the26person26has26a26chronic26disease.26Handwashing26is26vital26in26t
he26prevention26of26disease26and26spread26of26germs.
2. A26community26health26nurse26is26teaching26a26group26of26recent26graduates26about26t
he26large26variety26of26factors26that26influence26an26individual's26health26or26lack26ther
eof.26The26nurse26is26referring26to26the26Healthy26People26202026report26from26the26U.
S.26Department26of26Health26and26Human26Services26as26a26teaching26example.26Of26t
he26following26aspects26discussed,26which26would26be26considered26a26determinant26o
f26health26that26is26outside26the26focus26of26this26report?
A) The26client26has26a26diverse26background26by26being26of26Asian26and26Native26A
merican26descent26and26practices26various26alternative26therapies26to26minimize26
effects26of26stress.
B) The26client26has26a26family26history26of26cardiovascular26disease26related26to2
6hypercholesterolemia26and26remains26noncompliant26with26the26treatment26r
egime.
C) The26client26has26a26good26career26with26exceptional26preventative26health26care26benefits.
D) The26client26lives26in26an26affluent,26clean,26suburban26community26with26access2
6to26many26health26care26facilities.
Ans:2 6 B
Feedback:
In26Healthy26People262020,26the26focus26is26to26promote26good26health26to26all26(such26as26
using26alternative26therapies26to26minimize26effects26of26stress);26achieving26health26equit
Page262
,y26and26promoting26health26for26all26(which26includes26having26good26health26care26benefi
ts);26and26promoting26good26health26(which26includes26living26in26a26clean26community26w
ith26good26access26to26health26care).26A26client's26noncompliance26with26treatments26to26co
ntrol26high26cholesterol26levels26within26the26presence26of26a26family26history26of26CV26di
sease26does26not26meet26the26―attaining26lives26free26of26preventable26disease26and26prema
ture26death‖26determinant.
Page263
, 3. A26physician26is26providing26care26for26a26number26of26patients26on26a26medical26unit26of26
a26large,26university26hospital.26The26physician26is26discussing26with26a26colleague26the26di
fferentiation26between26diseases26that26are26caused26by26abnormal26molecules26and26diseas
es26that26cause26disease.26Which26of26the26following26patients26most26clearly26demonstrate
s26the26consequences26of26molecules26that26cause26disease?
A) A2631-year-
old26woman26with26sickle26cell26anemia26who26is26receiving26a26transfusion26of26
packed26red26blood26cells
B) A2691-year-
old26woman26who26has26experienced26an26ischemic26stroke26resulting26from26fa
milial26hypercholesterolemia
C) A2619-year-
old26man26with26exacerbation26of26his26cystic26fibrosis26requiring26oxygen26th
erapy26and26chest26physiotherapy
D) A2630-year-
old26homeless26man26who26has26Pneumocystis26carinii26pneumonia26(PCP)26and26is2
6HIV26positive.
Ans:2 6 D
Feedback:
PCP26is26an26example26of26the26effect26of26a26molecule26that26directly26contributes26to26dise
ase.26Sickle26cell26anemia,26familial26hypercholesterolemia,26and26cystic26fibrosis26are26al
l26examples26of26the26effects26of26abnormal26molecules.
4. A26member26of26the26health26care26team26is26researching26the26etiology26and26pathogene
sis26of26a26number26of26clients26who26are26under26his26care26in26a26hospital26context.26Wh
ich26of26the26following26aspects26of26clients'26situations26best26characterizes26pathogene
sis26rather26than26etiology?
A) A26client26who26has26been26exposed26to26the26Mycobacterium26tuberculosis26bacterium
B) A26client26who26has26increasing26serum26ammonia26levels26due26to26liver26cirrhosis
C) A26client26who26was26admitted26with26the26effects26of26methyl26alcohol26poisoning
D) A26client26with26multiple26skeletal26injuries26secondary26to26a26motor26vehicle26
accident26Ans:2 6 B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis26refers26to26the26progressive26and26evolutionary26course26of26disease,26such26
as26the26increasing26ammonia26levels26that26accompany26liver26disease.26Bacteria,26poison
s,26and26traumatic26injuries26are26examples26of26etiologic26factors.
Page264
, Porth's26Pathophysiology26Concepts26of26Altered26Health2611th26Edition26Test26Ba
nk
Chapter261-26Concepts26of26Health26and26Disease
1. At26an26international26nursing26conference,26many26discussions26and26breakout26sessions26
focused26on26the26World26Health26Organization26(WHO)26views26on26health.26Of26the26fol
lowing26comments26made26by26nurses26during26a26discussion26session,26which26statement
s26would26be26considered26a26good26representation26of26the26WHO26definition?26Select26al
l26that26apply.
A) Interests26in26keeping26the26elderly26population26engaged26in26such26activities26
as26book26reviews26and26word26games26during26social26time
B) Increase26in26the26number26of26chair26aerobics26classes26provided26in26the26ski
lled26care26facilities
C) Interventions26geared26toward26keeping26the26elderly26population26diagnosed26with
26diabetes26mellitus26under26tight26blood26glucose26control26by26providing26in-
home26cooking26classes
D) Providing26transportation26for26renal26dialysis26patients26to26and26from26their26hemo
dialysis26sessions
E) Providing26handwashing26teaching26sessions26to26a26group26of26young26c
hildren26Ans:2 6 A,26B,26C,26E
Feedback:
The26WHO26definition26of26health26is26defined26as26―a26state26of26complete26physical,26me
ntal,26and26social26well-
being26and26not26merely26the26absence26of26disease26and26infirmity.‖26Engaging26in26book
26reviews26facilitates26mental26and26social26well-
being;26chair26aerobics26helps26facilitate26physical26well-
being;26and26assisting26with26tight26control26of26diabetes26helps26with26facilitating26physic
al26well-
being26even26though26the26person26has26a26chronic26disease.26Handwashing26is26vital26in26t
he26prevention26of26disease26and26spread26of26germs.
2. A26community26health26nurse26is26teaching26a26group26of26recent26graduates26about26t
he26large26variety26of26factors26that26influence26an26individual's26health26or26lack26ther
eof.26The26nurse26is26referring26to26the26Healthy26People26202026report26from26the26U.
S.26Department26of26Health26and26Human26Services26as26a26teaching26example.26Of26t
he26following26aspects26discussed,26which26would26be26considered26a26determinant26o
f26health26that26is26outside26the26focus26of26this26report?
A) The26client26has26a26diverse26background26by26being26of26Asian26and26Native26A
merican26descent26and26practices26various26alternative26therapies26to26minimize26
effects26of26stress.
B) The26client26has26a26family26history26of26cardiovascular26disease26related26to2
6hypercholesterolemia26and26remains26noncompliant26with26the26treatment26r
egime.
C) The26client26has26a26good26career26with26exceptional26preventative26health26care26benefits.
D) The26client26lives26in26an26affluent,26clean,26suburban26community26with26access2
6to26many26health26care26facilities.
Ans:2 6 B
Feedback:
In26Healthy26People262020,26the26focus26is26to26promote26good26health26to26all26(such26as26
using26alternative26therapies26to26minimize26effects26of26stress);26achieving26health26equit
Page262
,y26and26promoting26health26for26all26(which26includes26having26good26health26care26benefi
ts);26and26promoting26good26health26(which26includes26living26in26a26clean26community26w
ith26good26access26to26health26care).26A26client's26noncompliance26with26treatments26to26co
ntrol26high26cholesterol26levels26within26the26presence26of26a26family26history26of26CV26di
sease26does26not26meet26the26―attaining26lives26free26of26preventable26disease26and26prema
ture26death‖26determinant.
Page263
, 3. A26physician26is26providing26care26for26a26number26of26patients26on26a26medical26unit26of26
a26large,26university26hospital.26The26physician26is26discussing26with26a26colleague26the26di
fferentiation26between26diseases26that26are26caused26by26abnormal26molecules26and26diseas
es26that26cause26disease.26Which26of26the26following26patients26most26clearly26demonstrate
s26the26consequences26of26molecules26that26cause26disease?
A) A2631-year-
old26woman26with26sickle26cell26anemia26who26is26receiving26a26transfusion26of26
packed26red26blood26cells
B) A2691-year-
old26woman26who26has26experienced26an26ischemic26stroke26resulting26from26fa
milial26hypercholesterolemia
C) A2619-year-
old26man26with26exacerbation26of26his26cystic26fibrosis26requiring26oxygen26th
erapy26and26chest26physiotherapy
D) A2630-year-
old26homeless26man26who26has26Pneumocystis26carinii26pneumonia26(PCP)26and26is2
6HIV26positive.
Ans:2 6 D
Feedback:
PCP26is26an26example26of26the26effect26of26a26molecule26that26directly26contributes26to26dise
ase.26Sickle26cell26anemia,26familial26hypercholesterolemia,26and26cystic26fibrosis26are26al
l26examples26of26the26effects26of26abnormal26molecules.
4. A26member26of26the26health26care26team26is26researching26the26etiology26and26pathogene
sis26of26a26number26of26clients26who26are26under26his26care26in26a26hospital26context.26Wh
ich26of26the26following26aspects26of26clients'26situations26best26characterizes26pathogene
sis26rather26than26etiology?
A) A26client26who26has26been26exposed26to26the26Mycobacterium26tuberculosis26bacterium
B) A26client26who26has26increasing26serum26ammonia26levels26due26to26liver26cirrhosis
C) A26client26who26was26admitted26with26the26effects26of26methyl26alcohol26poisoning
D) A26client26with26multiple26skeletal26injuries26secondary26to26a26motor26vehicle26
accident26Ans:2 6 B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis26refers26to26the26progressive26and26evolutionary26course26of26disease,26such26
as26the26increasing26ammonia26levels26that26accompany26liver26disease.26Bacteria,26poison
s,26and26traumatic26injuries26are26examples26of26etiologic26factors.
Page264
