Fisdap Medical Emergencies Unit Exam
S.G. 2025 Questions and Answers
Pyrogenic Reactions - ANSWER✔✔-Two definitions from different sets:
- Fever caused by endotoxins and bacteria. The endotoxins may cross over membranes during
hemodialysis complications.
- "Reaction characterized by an abrupt temperature elevation with severe chills, backache, headache,
weakness, nausea, vomiting; a potential complication of IV/IO therapy, complication of
hemodialysis."
S/G: If the pt is having a blood transfusion and they start to experience the following symptoms:
Erythema, urticaria, hypotension (70/40), Tachycardia (P 120), tachypnea (RR 24).
The solution is to discontinue the transfusion due to an incompatibility with the donor. Start fluids,
benadryl, maybe lasix and possibly epinephrine.
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,Endocrine disease (Such as, but not limited to, thyrotoxicosis) - ANSWER✔✔-Thyrotoxicosis aka
"thyroid storm" :
"Toxic condition caused by excessive levels of circulating thyroid hormone. Generally caused by
Grave's disease, severe under-treated hyperthyroidism, or infection. S&S: Flush, red skin, agitated,
angioedema"
Graves disease:
An autoimmune disease that results in elevated thyroid hormone. Graves disease aka
Hyperthyroidism is the main cause of "thyroid storm". Grave's can form a goiter on the neck.
S/S: Fever, irritability, delerium, coma, tachycardia, hypotension. Care is mainly supportive.
Hashimoto disease: More mild form of hyperthyroidism
Addison's disease : Not enough cortisol is produced (hypoadrenalism)
Cushing's disease: Too much cortisol (Hyperadrenalism) Moon face
Thyrotoxicosis aka "Thyroid storm" - ANSWER✔✔-Visual Aide
Pancreatitis - ANSWER✔✔-Inflammation of the pancreas typically seen by EMS due to alcoholic
pts. Caused by bile duct obstruction from gall stones
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,S/S: "Pain that radiates to the back x 5 days"
- NVD
- RUQ pain
- Mid-abdominal tenderness
- CULLENS SIGN due to intrabdominal bleeding
Airway infections: laryngotracheobronchitis aka "Croup" - ANSWER✔✔-laryngotracheobronchitis
aka "Croup"
Viral Infection of Upper Airway Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchi
strongest S&S at night--> severe respiratory distress
Stridor, Hoarseness, Barking Cough, dyspnea/respiratory distress, low grade fever, hypoxia, nose
inhalations
Airway Mangement
BVM, High Flow o2
Tube size might be 2 times smaller than normal size
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Racemic Epinephrine 0.5 mL mixed with 3ms of normal saline
Airway infections (Others) - ANSWER✔✔-- Epiglottitis: Fever, Drooling
- Respiratory syncytial virus
- Bronchiolitis
- Pneumonia (Single sided fluid in the lungs)
- Pertussis (Whooping cough)
- Influenza type A
Tuberculosis - ANSWER✔✔-An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body,
especially the lungs
"26 yom c/o chest pain and hemoptysis. Pt has a productive cough with purulent, bloody discharge
and a low grade fever. What is it?"
TB can manifest in many ways. S/S include; Night sweats, hemoptysis, chills, fever, fatigue, and
weight loss. Don a N95 mask and mask up the pt.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
S.G. 2025 Questions and Answers
Pyrogenic Reactions - ANSWER✔✔-Two definitions from different sets:
- Fever caused by endotoxins and bacteria. The endotoxins may cross over membranes during
hemodialysis complications.
- "Reaction characterized by an abrupt temperature elevation with severe chills, backache, headache,
weakness, nausea, vomiting; a potential complication of IV/IO therapy, complication of
hemodialysis."
S/G: If the pt is having a blood transfusion and they start to experience the following symptoms:
Erythema, urticaria, hypotension (70/40), Tachycardia (P 120), tachypnea (RR 24).
The solution is to discontinue the transfusion due to an incompatibility with the donor. Start fluids,
benadryl, maybe lasix and possibly epinephrine.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Endocrine disease (Such as, but not limited to, thyrotoxicosis) - ANSWER✔✔-Thyrotoxicosis aka
"thyroid storm" :
"Toxic condition caused by excessive levels of circulating thyroid hormone. Generally caused by
Grave's disease, severe under-treated hyperthyroidism, or infection. S&S: Flush, red skin, agitated,
angioedema"
Graves disease:
An autoimmune disease that results in elevated thyroid hormone. Graves disease aka
Hyperthyroidism is the main cause of "thyroid storm". Grave's can form a goiter on the neck.
S/S: Fever, irritability, delerium, coma, tachycardia, hypotension. Care is mainly supportive.
Hashimoto disease: More mild form of hyperthyroidism
Addison's disease : Not enough cortisol is produced (hypoadrenalism)
Cushing's disease: Too much cortisol (Hyperadrenalism) Moon face
Thyrotoxicosis aka "Thyroid storm" - ANSWER✔✔-Visual Aide
Pancreatitis - ANSWER✔✔-Inflammation of the pancreas typically seen by EMS due to alcoholic
pts. Caused by bile duct obstruction from gall stones
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,S/S: "Pain that radiates to the back x 5 days"
- NVD
- RUQ pain
- Mid-abdominal tenderness
- CULLENS SIGN due to intrabdominal bleeding
Airway infections: laryngotracheobronchitis aka "Croup" - ANSWER✔✔-laryngotracheobronchitis
aka "Croup"
Viral Infection of Upper Airway Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchi
strongest S&S at night--> severe respiratory distress
Stridor, Hoarseness, Barking Cough, dyspnea/respiratory distress, low grade fever, hypoxia, nose
inhalations
Airway Mangement
BVM, High Flow o2
Tube size might be 2 times smaller than normal size
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Racemic Epinephrine 0.5 mL mixed with 3ms of normal saline
Airway infections (Others) - ANSWER✔✔-- Epiglottitis: Fever, Drooling
- Respiratory syncytial virus
- Bronchiolitis
- Pneumonia (Single sided fluid in the lungs)
- Pertussis (Whooping cough)
- Influenza type A
Tuberculosis - ANSWER✔✔-An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body,
especially the lungs
"26 yom c/o chest pain and hemoptysis. Pt has a productive cough with purulent, bloody discharge
and a low grade fever. What is it?"
TB can manifest in many ways. S/S include; Night sweats, hemoptysis, chills, fever, fatigue, and
weight loss. Don a N95 mask and mask up the pt.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
