Test Bank - Microbiology-An Evolving Science, 4th Edition (Slonczewski, 2018), Chapter 1-28 | All Chapters

TEST BANK FOR
Microbiology An Evolving Science, 3rd Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski
Chapter 1-28


CHAPTERrh1:rhMicrobialrhLife:rhOriginrhandrhDiscovery


MULTIPLErhCHOICE

1. Virusesrhare:
a. infectiousrhagentsrhthatrhinfectrhmulti-cellularrhorganisms
b. noncellularrhparticlesrhthatrhtakerhoverrhtherhmetabolismrhofrharhcellrhtorhgeneraterh
morerhvirusrhparticles
c. pathogensrhthatrhreplicaterhinrhcomplexrhgrowthrhmedia
d. cellularrhparticlesrhthatrhbelongrhtorhtherharchaearhdomain
e. microbesrhthatrhconsistrhofrhlipidrhmembranerhenclosedrhgenomes
ANS:r h B DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.1 TOP:r h I.Arh|rhI.B
MSC:r h Remembering

2. AnalysisrhofrhDNArhsequencesrhreveals:
a. therhancientrhconvergencerhofrhtworhcellrhtypes,rhi.e.,rhprokaryotesrhandrheu
karyotes
b. prokaryotesrhandrheukaryotesrhevolvedrhfromrharhcommonrhancestralrhcell
c. thatrhbacteriarhsharerhcommonrhancestorrhwithrharchaea,rhbutrhnotrhwithrheu
karya
d. prokaryotesrharerhcellsrhwithrharhnucleus
e. therhgenomerhofrhHaemophilusrhinfluenzaerhhasrhaboutrh2rhbillionrhbaserhpa
irs
ANS:r h B DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.1 TOP:r h I.Arh|rhI.B
MSC:r h Remembering

3. WhichrhofrhtheserhgroupsrharerhconsideredrhtorhberhmicrobesrhbutrhNOTrhconsideredrhtorhberhcells?
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousrhfung
i
c. archaea
ANS:r h A DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.1 TOP:r h I.A.i
MSC:r h Remembering

4. Arhmicroberhisrhcommonlyrhdefinedrhas:
a. arhvirusrhthatrhrequiresrharhmicroscoperhtorhberhseen
b. arhbacteriumrhthatrhrequiresrharhmicroscoperhtorhberhseen
c. arhsingle-
cellularrhprokaryoterhthatrhrequiresrharhmicroscoperhtorhberhseen
d. arhmulticellularrheukaryoterhthatrhrequiresrharhmicroscoperhtorhberh
seen
e. arhlivingrhorganismrhthatrhrequiresrharhmicroscoperhtorhberhseen
ANS:r h E DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.1 TOP:r h I.A.irh|rhI.A.ii

, MSC:r h Remembering

5. WhichrhonerhofrhtherhfollowingrhstatementsrhregardingrhmicrobialrhcellsrhisrhNOTrhtrue?
a. Microbialrhcellsrhacquirerhfood,rhgainrhenergyrhtorhbuildrhthemselves,rhandrhres
pondrhto
environmentalrhchange.
b. Mostrhsingle-
celledrhorganismsrhrequirerharhmicroscoperhtorhrenderrhthemrhvisible,rhbutrhsome
bacterialrhcellsrharerhlargerhenoughrhtorhberhseenrhwithrhnakedrheyes.
c. Microbesrhfunctionrhasrhindividualrhentities.
d. Manyrhmicrobesrhformrhcomplexrhmulticellularrhassemblages.
e. Virusesrharerhnotrhconsideredrhasrhmicrobialrhcells.

ANS:r h C DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.1 TOP:r h I.A.irh|rhI.A.ii
MSC:r h Remembering

6. WhichrhofrhtherhfollowingrhstatementsrhisrhFALSE?
a. Arhgenomerhisrhtherhtotalrhgeneticrhinformationrhcontainedrhinrhanrhorganism’srhchromosom
alrhDNA.
b. Ifrharhmicrobe’srhgenomerhincludesrhgenesrhforrhnitrogenase,rhthatrhmicroberhprobablyrhcanr
hfixrhnitrogen.
c. ByrhcomparingrhDNArhsequencesrhofrhdifferentrhorganisms,rhwerhcanrhfigurerhoutrhhowrhcl
osely
relatedrhtheyrhare.
d. FredrhSangerrhdevelopedrhtherhfirstrhapplicablerhDNArhsequencingrhmethod.
e. FredrhSangerrhcompletedrhtherhsequencesrhofrhHaemophilusrhinfluenzae.
ANS:r h E DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.1 TOP:r h I.B
MSC:r h Remembering

7. Therhfirstrhcellularrhgenomesrhtorhberhsequencedrhwererhthoserhof:
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS:r h B DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.1 TOP:r h I.B.i
MSC:r h Remembering

8. TherhenvironmentrhofrhearlyrhEarthrhmayrhhaverhcontainedrhallrhofrhtherhfollowingrhEXCEPT:
a. ferrousrhiron d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogenrhga
s
c. ammonia
ANS:r h D DIF: Easy
REF:r h SpecialrhTopicrh1.1rhTOP:r h II.D
MSC:r h Remembering

9. Therhdevelopmentrhofrhtherhtheoryrhofrhtherh―RNArhworld‖rhresultedrhfromrhtherhdiscoveryrhof:
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS:r h D DIF: Medium
REF:r h SpecialrhTopicrh1.1rhTOP:r h II.D
MSC:r h Remembering

,10. Whichrhmicrobesrhmayrhresemblerhthoserhofrhtherhearliestrhliferhforms?
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosyntheticrhalgae e. protists
c. viruses
ANS:r h A DIF: Medium
REF:r h SpecialrhTopicrh1.1rhTOP:r h II.D
MSC:r h Remembering

11. Earlyrhmetabolismrhmayrhhaverhbeenrhcatalyzedrhby:
a. DNA d. aminorhacids
b. RNA e. carbohydrates
c. protein

ANS:r h B DIF: Medium
REF:r h SpecialrhTopicrh1.1rhTOP:r h II.D
MSC:r h Remembering

12. Whichrhofrhtherhfollowingrhdiseasesrhaccountsrhforrhmorerhthanrhhalfrhofrhallrhhumanrhmortality?
a. cardiovascularrhdisease d. microbialrhdiseas
e
b. cancer e. strokes
c. accidents
ANS:r h D DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.2 TOP:r h II.A
MSC:r h Remembering

13. Whichrhcenturyrhisrhknownrhasrhtherhgoldenrhagerhofrhmicrobiology?
a. therhseventeenth d. therhtwentieth
b. therheighteenth e. therhtwenty-first
c. therhnineteenth
ANS:r h C DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.2 TOP:r h II.A
MSC:r h Remembering

14. AllrhofrhtherhfollowingrhhaverhbeenrhfoundrhinrhmummiesrhandrhtombrhartrhEXCEPT:
a. tuberculosis d. smallpox
b. polio e. AIDS
c. leprosy
ANS:r h E DIF: Medium REF:r h r h 1.2 TOP:r h II.A.i
MSC:r h Remembering

15. HowrhdidrhEuropeanrhinvadersrhtorhNorthrhAmericarhkillrhmuchrhofrhtherhnativerhpopulation?
a. tuberculosis d. HIV
b. leprosy e. bubonicrhplagu
e
c. smallpox
ANS:r h C DIF: Medium REF:r h r h 1.2 TOP:r h II.A.i
MSC:r h Remembering

16. Nightingale:
a. isrhbetterrhknownrhasrhtherhfounderrhofrhprofessionalrhnursing
b. wasrhtherhfirstrhtorhuserhdisinfectantrhtorhdemonstraterhtherhsignificancerhofrhasepticrhtech

, nique
c. developedrhtherhpierhchartrhofrhmortalityrhdatarhduringrhtherhCrimeanrhWar
d. performedrhtherhfirstrhcontrolledrhexperimentrhonrhtherhchemicalrhconversionrhofrhmatter,
rhknown
todayrhasrhchemotherapy
e. allrhofrhtherhabove
ANS:r h A DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.2 TOP:r h II.A.ii
MSC:r h Remembering

17. Whorhdevelopedrhtherhconceptrhofrhmedicalrhstatistics?
a. FrancisrhCrick d. LouisrhPasteur
b. FlorencerhNightingale e. AlexanderrhFlemin
g
c. EdwardrhJenner
ANS:r h B DIF: Easy REF:r h r h 1.2 TOP:r h II.A.ii
MSC:r h Remembering