Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 15e
$as $as $as $as
(Madigan/Martinko)
$a $as
Chapter 1: Microorganisms and Microbiology
$as $as $as as
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1) Which statement is not true as a general rule?
A) Microbial cells exist as single cells or in cell clusters.
B) Microbial cells carry out their life processes independently.
C) Microbial cells include both bacteria and viruses.
D) Microbial cells exclude the cells of plants and animals.
Answer: C
2) Basic microbiology can be used to
A) probe the nature of life processes.
B) study biochemical properties common to all cells.
C) model our understanding of cell function in higher organisms.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
3) Applied microbiology deals with problems in
A) medicine.
B) agriculture.
C) industry.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
4) The greatest source of biomass on Earth comes from
A) prokaryotic cells.
B) plants.
C) animals.
D) plants and animals together.
Answer: A
5) The cell's genetic information is found in the
A) cell membrane.
B) nucleus or nucleoid.
C) cytoplasm.
D) none of the above.
Answer: B
6) Because the cell communicates, exchanges materials with its environment, and undergoes change, it is
called a(n)
A) ancestral system.
B) dynamic entity.
,C) closed $assystem.
D) nucleoid
system. $asAnswer:
$as
B
$as
7) Changes $asin $ascellular $ascharacteristics $asare $astransmitted $asto $asoffspring $asthrough $asthe $asprocess $asof
A) chemical $assignaling.
B) reproductive $asinitiative.
C) evolution.
D) none $asof $asthe
$asabove.
Answer: $asC
8) Catalysts $asinvolved $asin $asthe $asacceleration $asof $asthe $asrate $asof $aschemical $asreactions $asare $ascalled
A) catalytic $asconverters.
B) growth $asagents.
C) evolutionary $asmolecules.
D) enzymes.
$as Answer:
$as D
9) Regarding $asearly $aslife $ason $asEarth:
A) Microbial $aslife $asexisted $ason $asEarth $asfor $asbillions $asof $asyears $asbefore $asplant $asand $asanimal $aslife.
B) Microbial $aslife $asexisted $ason $asEarth $aslong $asbefore $asanimals $asbut $ashas $asbeen $asaround $asfor $asabout $asthe
$assame $asamount $asof $astime $asas $asplants.
C) Microbial $aslife, $asplant $aslife, $asand $asanimal $aslife $asall $asappeared $asat $asabout $asthe $assame $astime.
D) It $asis $asimpossible $asto $asdetermine $aswhich $astype $asof $aslife $asfirst $asappeared
$ason $asEarth. $asAnswer: $asA
10) Most $asprokaryotic $ascells $asreside
A) on $asthe $asEarth's $assurface.
B) in $asthe $asEarth's $aslakes, $asrivers, $asand $asoceans.
C) in $asand $ason $asnon-prokaryotic $asorganisms $as(including $ashumans $asand $asother $asanimals).
D) in $asthe $asoceanic $asand $asterrestrial
$assubsurfaces. $asAnswer: $asD
11) The $asperson $aswho $asdescribed $asthe $as"wee $asanimalcules" $aswas
A) Hooke.
B) van $asLeeuwenhoek.
C) Pasteur.
D) Cohn.
$asAnswer:
$asB
12) Fannie $asHesse $asis $ascredited $aswith $asgiving
the $asideas $asfor $asusing $asagar $asas $asa $assolidifying $asagent.
A) Pasteur
,B) Cohn
C) Koch
D) Winogradsky
Answer: $asC
$as
13) Which $asof $asthe $asfollowing $asis/are $ascharacteristic $asof $ascellular $asorganisms?
A) Metabolism
B) Reproduction
C) Communication
D) All $asof $asthe
above $asAnswer:
$as
D
$as
14) Which $asof $asthe $asfollowing $asis $asnot $asa $asmajor $asecosystem?
A) Aquatic
B) Terrestrial
C) Atmospheric
D) Higher $asorganisms, $asboth $asplant $asand
$asanimal $asAnswer: $asC
15) Which $asstatement $asis $astrue?
A) Populations $asare $asassemblages $asof $asmicrobial $ascommunities.
B) Microbial $ascommunities $asare $asassemblages $asof $aspopulations.
C) Habitats $asare $asassemblages $asof $asmicrobial $ascommunities.
D) Populations $asare $asassemblages $asof
$ashabitats. $asAnswer: $asB
16) The $asexport $asof $asU.S. $asbeef $asto $asforeign $asmarkets $aswas $asshut $asdown $asin $as2003 $asdue $asto
A) AIDS.
B) smallpox.
C) tuberculosis.
D) mad $ascow
$asdisease.
Answer: $asD
17) During $asa $asvery $asscientifically $asproductive $asperiod $asin $ashis $aslife, $asPasteur $asdeveloped $asvaccines $asfor
A) anthrax.
B) fowl $ascholera.
C) rabies.
D) all $asof $asthe
$asabove.
Answer: $asD
18) The $asdiscovery $asof $asantibiotics $asand $asother $asimportant $aschemicals $asled $asto $asthe $asfield $asof
A) industrial $asmicrobiology.
B) agricultural $a s microbiology.
C) marine $asmicrobiology.
, D) aquatic $asmicrobiology.
Answer: $asA
19) Microbial $assterilization $asis $asused $asto
A) decrease $asthe $aspossibility $asof $ascontaminants $asgrowing $asin $asa $asculture.
B) kill $asbacteria $asbut $asnot $asnecessarily $asviruses $asor $asother $asmicrobes.
C) kill $asall $asmicrobes $asin $asor $ason $asobjects.
D) clean $asa $aswork
area. $asAnswer: $asC
$as
20) Flat $ascovered $asdishes $asused $asfor $asgrowing $asmicrobes $asare $asmost $ascommonly $ascalled
A) Petri $asdishes.
B) baker $asdishes.
C) sterilization $a s plates.
D) culture $asmedium
plates. $asAnswer: $asA
$as
21) Microbes $asplaying $asa $asrole $asin $asnitrogen $asfixation $ a s in $asplants $aslive $asin $as while $asthose $asplaying $asa $asrole $asin
$asthe
digestive $astract $asof $ascertain $asherbivores $aslive $asin $as .
A) rumens $as/ $asnodules
B) nodules $as/ $asrumens
C) nodules $as/ $asfortrans
D) fortrans $as/
rumens $asAnswer:
$as
$asB
22) Genetic $asengineering $ascould $asbest $asbe $asdescribed $asas
A) the $ascreating $asof $aslife $asfrom $asnon-life.
B) the $asartificial $asmanipulation $asof $asgenes $asand $astheir $asproducts.
C) the $astreating $asof $asdiseases $aswith $assynthetic $asdrugs.
D) the $asexpansion $asof $asthe $asbiomass $asto $asmeet $asspecific
$asneeds. $asAnswer: $asB
23) The $asultimate $asdownfall $asof $asthe $astheory $asof $asspontaneous $asgeneration $aswas $asthe $asresult $asof $aswork $asby
A) Pasteur.
B) Koch.
C) Hooke.
D) Leeuwenhoek.
Answer: $asA
$as
24) A $asPasteur $asflask $ashas $asa(n)
A) swan $asneck $asto $asprevent $asair $asparticles $asfrom $asgetting $asinto $asthe $asmain $asbody $asof $asthe $asflask.
$as $as $as $as
(Madigan/Martinko)
$a $as
Chapter 1: Microorganisms and Microbiology
$as $as $as as
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1) Which statement is not true as a general rule?
A) Microbial cells exist as single cells or in cell clusters.
B) Microbial cells carry out their life processes independently.
C) Microbial cells include both bacteria and viruses.
D) Microbial cells exclude the cells of plants and animals.
Answer: C
2) Basic microbiology can be used to
A) probe the nature of life processes.
B) study biochemical properties common to all cells.
C) model our understanding of cell function in higher organisms.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
3) Applied microbiology deals with problems in
A) medicine.
B) agriculture.
C) industry.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
4) The greatest source of biomass on Earth comes from
A) prokaryotic cells.
B) plants.
C) animals.
D) plants and animals together.
Answer: A
5) The cell's genetic information is found in the
A) cell membrane.
B) nucleus or nucleoid.
C) cytoplasm.
D) none of the above.
Answer: B
6) Because the cell communicates, exchanges materials with its environment, and undergoes change, it is
called a(n)
A) ancestral system.
B) dynamic entity.
,C) closed $assystem.
D) nucleoid
system. $asAnswer:
$as
B
$as
7) Changes $asin $ascellular $ascharacteristics $asare $astransmitted $asto $asoffspring $asthrough $asthe $asprocess $asof
A) chemical $assignaling.
B) reproductive $asinitiative.
C) evolution.
D) none $asof $asthe
$asabove.
Answer: $asC
8) Catalysts $asinvolved $asin $asthe $asacceleration $asof $asthe $asrate $asof $aschemical $asreactions $asare $ascalled
A) catalytic $asconverters.
B) growth $asagents.
C) evolutionary $asmolecules.
D) enzymes.
$as Answer:
$as D
9) Regarding $asearly $aslife $ason $asEarth:
A) Microbial $aslife $asexisted $ason $asEarth $asfor $asbillions $asof $asyears $asbefore $asplant $asand $asanimal $aslife.
B) Microbial $aslife $asexisted $ason $asEarth $aslong $asbefore $asanimals $asbut $ashas $asbeen $asaround $asfor $asabout $asthe
$assame $asamount $asof $astime $asas $asplants.
C) Microbial $aslife, $asplant $aslife, $asand $asanimal $aslife $asall $asappeared $asat $asabout $asthe $assame $astime.
D) It $asis $asimpossible $asto $asdetermine $aswhich $astype $asof $aslife $asfirst $asappeared
$ason $asEarth. $asAnswer: $asA
10) Most $asprokaryotic $ascells $asreside
A) on $asthe $asEarth's $assurface.
B) in $asthe $asEarth's $aslakes, $asrivers, $asand $asoceans.
C) in $asand $ason $asnon-prokaryotic $asorganisms $as(including $ashumans $asand $asother $asanimals).
D) in $asthe $asoceanic $asand $asterrestrial
$assubsurfaces. $asAnswer: $asD
11) The $asperson $aswho $asdescribed $asthe $as"wee $asanimalcules" $aswas
A) Hooke.
B) van $asLeeuwenhoek.
C) Pasteur.
D) Cohn.
$asAnswer:
$asB
12) Fannie $asHesse $asis $ascredited $aswith $asgiving
the $asideas $asfor $asusing $asagar $asas $asa $assolidifying $asagent.
A) Pasteur
,B) Cohn
C) Koch
D) Winogradsky
Answer: $asC
$as
13) Which $asof $asthe $asfollowing $asis/are $ascharacteristic $asof $ascellular $asorganisms?
A) Metabolism
B) Reproduction
C) Communication
D) All $asof $asthe
above $asAnswer:
$as
D
$as
14) Which $asof $asthe $asfollowing $asis $asnot $asa $asmajor $asecosystem?
A) Aquatic
B) Terrestrial
C) Atmospheric
D) Higher $asorganisms, $asboth $asplant $asand
$asanimal $asAnswer: $asC
15) Which $asstatement $asis $astrue?
A) Populations $asare $asassemblages $asof $asmicrobial $ascommunities.
B) Microbial $ascommunities $asare $asassemblages $asof $aspopulations.
C) Habitats $asare $asassemblages $asof $asmicrobial $ascommunities.
D) Populations $asare $asassemblages $asof
$ashabitats. $asAnswer: $asB
16) The $asexport $asof $asU.S. $asbeef $asto $asforeign $asmarkets $aswas $asshut $asdown $asin $as2003 $asdue $asto
A) AIDS.
B) smallpox.
C) tuberculosis.
D) mad $ascow
$asdisease.
Answer: $asD
17) During $asa $asvery $asscientifically $asproductive $asperiod $asin $ashis $aslife, $asPasteur $asdeveloped $asvaccines $asfor
A) anthrax.
B) fowl $ascholera.
C) rabies.
D) all $asof $asthe
$asabove.
Answer: $asD
18) The $asdiscovery $asof $asantibiotics $asand $asother $asimportant $aschemicals $asled $asto $asthe $asfield $asof
A) industrial $asmicrobiology.
B) agricultural $a s microbiology.
C) marine $asmicrobiology.
, D) aquatic $asmicrobiology.
Answer: $asA
19) Microbial $assterilization $asis $asused $asto
A) decrease $asthe $aspossibility $asof $ascontaminants $asgrowing $asin $asa $asculture.
B) kill $asbacteria $asbut $asnot $asnecessarily $asviruses $asor $asother $asmicrobes.
C) kill $asall $asmicrobes $asin $asor $ason $asobjects.
D) clean $asa $aswork
area. $asAnswer: $asC
$as
20) Flat $ascovered $asdishes $asused $asfor $asgrowing $asmicrobes $asare $asmost $ascommonly $ascalled
A) Petri $asdishes.
B) baker $asdishes.
C) sterilization $a s plates.
D) culture $asmedium
plates. $asAnswer: $asA
$as
21) Microbes $asplaying $asa $asrole $asin $asnitrogen $asfixation $ a s in $asplants $aslive $asin $as while $asthose $asplaying $asa $asrole $asin
$asthe
digestive $astract $asof $ascertain $asherbivores $aslive $asin $as .
A) rumens $as/ $asnodules
B) nodules $as/ $asrumens
C) nodules $as/ $asfortrans
D) fortrans $as/
rumens $asAnswer:
$as
$asB
22) Genetic $asengineering $ascould $asbest $asbe $asdescribed $asas
A) the $ascreating $asof $aslife $asfrom $asnon-life.
B) the $asartificial $asmanipulation $asof $asgenes $asand $astheir $asproducts.
C) the $astreating $asof $asdiseases $aswith $assynthetic $asdrugs.
D) the $asexpansion $asof $asthe $asbiomass $asto $asmeet $asspecific
$asneeds. $asAnswer: $asB
23) The $asultimate $asdownfall $asof $asthe $astheory $asof $asspontaneous $asgeneration $aswas $asthe $asresult $asof $aswork $asby
A) Pasteur.
B) Koch.
C) Hooke.
D) Leeuwenhoek.
Answer: $asA
$as
24) A $asPasteur $asflask $ashas $asa(n)
A) swan $asneck $asto $asprevent $asair $asparticles $asfrom $asgetting $asinto $asthe $asmain $asbody $asof $asthe $asflask.
