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PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 WITH NGN AND
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 EXAM PLUS
PRACTICE EXAM| COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
|GRADED A+
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is scheduled for
a liver biopsy. Which of the following values should the nurse report to
the provider?
a) Ammonia 55 mcg/dL
b) Bilirubin 1.0 mg/dL
c) Platelets 60,000/mm3
d) Aspartate aminotransferase 34 units/L - Correct Answer - C. Platelets
60,000/mm3
Rationale:
The platelets provide blood clog to stop the bleeding in human body.
Low PT count indicating the patient will be susceptible to bleeding.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who reports his urine
is red-orange. The nurse should identify which of the following
medications can cause this adverse effect?
a) Isoniazid
b) Metoprolol
c) Furosemide
d) Rifampin - Correct Answer - D. Rifampin
Rationale:
pg. 1
,2|Page
associated with Red Man syndrome (bodily fluids like urine appear red-
orange in color)
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking metoprolol. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Increased blood pressure
Decreased heart rate
Decreased Bronchospasm
Increased blood glucose level - Correct Answer - Decreased heart rate
Rationale:
Metoprolol blocks stimulation to beta1-adrenergic receptors without
usually affecting beta2-adrenergic receptors. Decrease effects of the
sympathetic nervous system: decreases speed of conduction which slows
heart rate and decreases contraction force causing less cardiac output
and decreased BP.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is postoperative
following a tympanoplasty. Which of the following information should
the nurse include?
a) Drink fluids through a straw.
b) Plan to shampoo hair in 1 week.
c) Resume exercising in 10 days.
d) Close mouth when sneezing. - Correct Answer - B. Plan to shampoo
hair in 1 week.
Plan to shampoo hair in 1 week: The client should avoid getting water in
the ear for at least one week after surgery. This includes avoiding
pg. 2
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washing hair, swimming, or taking baths. After one week, the client can
resume normal hair care activities.
Resume exercising in 10 days: The client should avoid strenuous
exercise or heavy lifting for at least two weeks after surgery. After two
weeks, the client can gradually resume normal activities.
Close mouth when sneezing: The client should avoid blowing the nose
or sneezing with the mouth open for at least two weeks after surgery.
This can help prevent pressure changes in the ear that may interfere with
healing
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about dietary changes with a
client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following foods should
the nurse recommend?
a) Asparagus
b) Bananas
c) Grapes
d) Broccoli - Correct Answer - B. Bananas
Rationale:
other options are high in fiber
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following laboratory results should the nurse report to the provider?
a) Glycosylated hemoglobin 5.2%
b) Urine positive for ketones
c) Urine negative for bilirubin
pg. 3
, 4|Page
d) Fasting blood glucose 70 mg/dL - Correct Answer - b. Urine positive
for ketones
Rational:
when there are ketones in your urine, that is the indication of DKA.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening problem that affects
people with diabetes. It occurs when the body starts breaking down fat at
a rate that is much too fast. The liver processes the fat into a fuel called
ketones, which causes the blood to become acidic.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has heart failure. Which
of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
a) Urinary output of 1,000 mL in 12 hr
b) Potassium level 4.5 mEq/L
c) PaCO2 55 mm Hg
d) Chest x-ray showing cardiomegaly - Correct Answer - C. PaCO2 55
mm Hg
Rationale:
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide normal range is 35 to 45 mm hg.
Patients paCO2 level is 55 mm hg. So this is elevated partial pressure of
carbon dioxide for this patient. Increased partial pressure of carbon
dioxide indicate alveolar hypoventilation that causes respiratory
acidosis. So there are more chances to develop respiratory acidosis.
Respiratory acidosis should be treated immediately. Health care provider
should be reported by nurse for elevated partial pressure of carbon
dioxide.
Potassium level 4.5 meq/L is a normal value. Normal value of serum
potassium is 3.6 to 5.1 meq/L.
pg. 4
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 WITH NGN AND
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 EXAM PLUS
PRACTICE EXAM| COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
|GRADED A+
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is scheduled for
a liver biopsy. Which of the following values should the nurse report to
the provider?
a) Ammonia 55 mcg/dL
b) Bilirubin 1.0 mg/dL
c) Platelets 60,000/mm3
d) Aspartate aminotransferase 34 units/L - Correct Answer - C. Platelets
60,000/mm3
Rationale:
The platelets provide blood clog to stop the bleeding in human body.
Low PT count indicating the patient will be susceptible to bleeding.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who reports his urine
is red-orange. The nurse should identify which of the following
medications can cause this adverse effect?
a) Isoniazid
b) Metoprolol
c) Furosemide
d) Rifampin - Correct Answer - D. Rifampin
Rationale:
pg. 1
,2|Page
associated with Red Man syndrome (bodily fluids like urine appear red-
orange in color)
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking metoprolol. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Increased blood pressure
Decreased heart rate
Decreased Bronchospasm
Increased blood glucose level - Correct Answer - Decreased heart rate
Rationale:
Metoprolol blocks stimulation to beta1-adrenergic receptors without
usually affecting beta2-adrenergic receptors. Decrease effects of the
sympathetic nervous system: decreases speed of conduction which slows
heart rate and decreases contraction force causing less cardiac output
and decreased BP.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is postoperative
following a tympanoplasty. Which of the following information should
the nurse include?
a) Drink fluids through a straw.
b) Plan to shampoo hair in 1 week.
c) Resume exercising in 10 days.
d) Close mouth when sneezing. - Correct Answer - B. Plan to shampoo
hair in 1 week.
Plan to shampoo hair in 1 week: The client should avoid getting water in
the ear for at least one week after surgery. This includes avoiding
pg. 2
,3|Page
washing hair, swimming, or taking baths. After one week, the client can
resume normal hair care activities.
Resume exercising in 10 days: The client should avoid strenuous
exercise or heavy lifting for at least two weeks after surgery. After two
weeks, the client can gradually resume normal activities.
Close mouth when sneezing: The client should avoid blowing the nose
or sneezing with the mouth open for at least two weeks after surgery.
This can help prevent pressure changes in the ear that may interfere with
healing
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about dietary changes with a
client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following foods should
the nurse recommend?
a) Asparagus
b) Bananas
c) Grapes
d) Broccoli - Correct Answer - B. Bananas
Rationale:
other options are high in fiber
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the
following laboratory results should the nurse report to the provider?
a) Glycosylated hemoglobin 5.2%
b) Urine positive for ketones
c) Urine negative for bilirubin
pg. 3
, 4|Page
d) Fasting blood glucose 70 mg/dL - Correct Answer - b. Urine positive
for ketones
Rational:
when there are ketones in your urine, that is the indication of DKA.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening problem that affects
people with diabetes. It occurs when the body starts breaking down fat at
a rate that is much too fast. The liver processes the fat into a fuel called
ketones, which causes the blood to become acidic.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has heart failure. Which
of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
a) Urinary output of 1,000 mL in 12 hr
b) Potassium level 4.5 mEq/L
c) PaCO2 55 mm Hg
d) Chest x-ray showing cardiomegaly - Correct Answer - C. PaCO2 55
mm Hg
Rationale:
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide normal range is 35 to 45 mm hg.
Patients paCO2 level is 55 mm hg. So this is elevated partial pressure of
carbon dioxide for this patient. Increased partial pressure of carbon
dioxide indicate alveolar hypoventilation that causes respiratory
acidosis. So there are more chances to develop respiratory acidosis.
Respiratory acidosis should be treated immediately. Health care provider
should be reported by nurse for elevated partial pressure of carbon
dioxide.
Potassium level 4.5 meq/L is a normal value. Normal value of serum
potassium is 3.6 to 5.1 meq/L.
pg. 4
