EMT TRAUMA OVERVIEW, BLEEDING, SOFT-TISSUE INJURIES,
FACE AND NECK INJURIES, HEAD AND SPINE INJURIES TEST 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1) The GCS is used to assess:
A) verbal response, eye opening, and mental status
B) sensory response, pupil reaction, and heart rate
C) mental status, eye opening, and respiratory rate
D) eye opening, verbal response, and motor response -- Correct Answer
✔✔ D) eye opening, verbal response, and motor response
2) Hyperextension injuries of the spine are MOST commonly the result of:
A) falls
B) compression
C) hangings
D) diving -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) hangings
3) The ideal procedure for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard
is:
A) the direct pattern carry
B) the clothes drag
C) the four-person log roll
D) the use of a scoop stretcher -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) the four-person
log roll
4) In contrast to a concussion, a cerebral contusion:
, A) results from a laceration to the brain tissue
B) involves physical injury to the brain tissue
C) does not cause pressure within the skull
D) usually does not cause LOC -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B) involves physical
injury to the brain tissue
5) The _____ contains about 75% of the brain's total volume.
A) brainstem
B) meninges
C) cerebrum
D) cerebellum -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) cerebrum
6) An epidural hematoma is MOST accurately defined as:
A) an injury caused by a damaged cerebral artery
B) bleeding between the skull and dura mater
C) bleeding between the dura mater and the brain
D) venous lacerations that occur within the brain -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B)
bleeding between the skull and dura mater
7) A female patient with a suspected head injury has slow, shallow breathing. The
MOST appropriate treatment for her includes:
A) ventilation assistance to maintain EtCO2 of 30-35 mmHg
B) ventilation assistance to maintain an oxygen saturation of 90%
C) administering oxygen via NRB
D) hyperventilating her at 30 breaths/min -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A)
ventilation assistance to maintain EtCO2 of 30-35 mmHg
8) When immobilizing a seated patient with a short backboard or vest-style
immobilization device, you should apply a c-collar:
A) after moving the patient to a long backboard
B) before manually stabilizing the patient's head
, C) after assessing distal neurovascular functions
D) after the torso has been adequately secured -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C)
after assessing distal neurovascular functions
9) The frontal and parietal bones of the skull are especially susceptible to:
A) basilar skull fractures
B) linear skull fractures
C) nondisplaced skull fractures
D) depressed skull fractures -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) depressed skull
fractures
10) Rapid deceleration of the head, such as when it impacts the windshield, causes:
A) compression injuries and contusions to the anterior, posterior, and
lateral aspects of the brain
B) primary impact to the posterior aspect of the brain, resulting in
compression injuries, bruising, or torn blood vessels
C) compression injuries or bruising to the anterior portion of the brain, and
stretching or tearing to the posterior portion of the brain
D) stretching or tearing of the anterior aspect of the brain and compression
injuries or bruising to the posterior aspect of the brain -- Correct
Answer ✔✔ C) compression injuries or bruising to the anterior portion
of the brain, and stretching or tearing to the posterior portion of the
brain
11) The MOST common and serious complication of a significant head injury is:
A) cerebral edema
B) a hypoxic seizure
C) acute hypotension
D) a skull fracture -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A) cerebral edema
12) Bleeding within the brain tissue itself is called a(n):
, A) epidural hematoma
B) intracerebral hematoma
C) subdural hematoma
D) subarachnoid hemorrhage -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B) intracerebral
hematoma
13) The MOST reliable sign of a head injury is:
A) an abnormally low blood pressure
B) a pulse that is rapid and thready
C) decreased sensation in the extremities
D) decreased level of consciousness -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) decreased
level of consciousness
14) The effectiveness of positive-pressure ventilations when treating a head injury can
ONLY be determined by:
A) noting a decrease in HR during ventilations
B) a neurosurgeon or ED physician
C) reassessing the patient's BP after 10 minutes
D) immediate reassessment following the intervention -- Correct Answer
✔✔ D) immediate reassessment following the intervention
15) If you do not have the appropriate-sized cervical collar, you should:
A) defer cervical immobilization and apply lateral head blocks
B) place sandbags on either side of the patient's head
C) ask the patient to keep his or her head in a neutral position
D) use rolled towels to immobilize the patient's head -- Correct Answer
✔✔ D) use rolled towels to immobilize the patient's head
16) A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who:
A) require prompt extrication from a vehicle
B) are in a sitting position and are clinically stable
FACE AND NECK INJURIES, HEAD AND SPINE INJURIES TEST 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1) The GCS is used to assess:
A) verbal response, eye opening, and mental status
B) sensory response, pupil reaction, and heart rate
C) mental status, eye opening, and respiratory rate
D) eye opening, verbal response, and motor response -- Correct Answer
✔✔ D) eye opening, verbal response, and motor response
2) Hyperextension injuries of the spine are MOST commonly the result of:
A) falls
B) compression
C) hangings
D) diving -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) hangings
3) The ideal procedure for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard
is:
A) the direct pattern carry
B) the clothes drag
C) the four-person log roll
D) the use of a scoop stretcher -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) the four-person
log roll
4) In contrast to a concussion, a cerebral contusion:
, A) results from a laceration to the brain tissue
B) involves physical injury to the brain tissue
C) does not cause pressure within the skull
D) usually does not cause LOC -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B) involves physical
injury to the brain tissue
5) The _____ contains about 75% of the brain's total volume.
A) brainstem
B) meninges
C) cerebrum
D) cerebellum -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C) cerebrum
6) An epidural hematoma is MOST accurately defined as:
A) an injury caused by a damaged cerebral artery
B) bleeding between the skull and dura mater
C) bleeding between the dura mater and the brain
D) venous lacerations that occur within the brain -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B)
bleeding between the skull and dura mater
7) A female patient with a suspected head injury has slow, shallow breathing. The
MOST appropriate treatment for her includes:
A) ventilation assistance to maintain EtCO2 of 30-35 mmHg
B) ventilation assistance to maintain an oxygen saturation of 90%
C) administering oxygen via NRB
D) hyperventilating her at 30 breaths/min -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A)
ventilation assistance to maintain EtCO2 of 30-35 mmHg
8) When immobilizing a seated patient with a short backboard or vest-style
immobilization device, you should apply a c-collar:
A) after moving the patient to a long backboard
B) before manually stabilizing the patient's head
, C) after assessing distal neurovascular functions
D) after the torso has been adequately secured -- Correct Answer ✔✔ C)
after assessing distal neurovascular functions
9) The frontal and parietal bones of the skull are especially susceptible to:
A) basilar skull fractures
B) linear skull fractures
C) nondisplaced skull fractures
D) depressed skull fractures -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) depressed skull
fractures
10) Rapid deceleration of the head, such as when it impacts the windshield, causes:
A) compression injuries and contusions to the anterior, posterior, and
lateral aspects of the brain
B) primary impact to the posterior aspect of the brain, resulting in
compression injuries, bruising, or torn blood vessels
C) compression injuries or bruising to the anterior portion of the brain, and
stretching or tearing to the posterior portion of the brain
D) stretching or tearing of the anterior aspect of the brain and compression
injuries or bruising to the posterior aspect of the brain -- Correct
Answer ✔✔ C) compression injuries or bruising to the anterior portion
of the brain, and stretching or tearing to the posterior portion of the
brain
11) The MOST common and serious complication of a significant head injury is:
A) cerebral edema
B) a hypoxic seizure
C) acute hypotension
D) a skull fracture -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A) cerebral edema
12) Bleeding within the brain tissue itself is called a(n):
, A) epidural hematoma
B) intracerebral hematoma
C) subdural hematoma
D) subarachnoid hemorrhage -- Correct Answer ✔✔ B) intracerebral
hematoma
13) The MOST reliable sign of a head injury is:
A) an abnormally low blood pressure
B) a pulse that is rapid and thready
C) decreased sensation in the extremities
D) decreased level of consciousness -- Correct Answer ✔✔ D) decreased
level of consciousness
14) The effectiveness of positive-pressure ventilations when treating a head injury can
ONLY be determined by:
A) noting a decrease in HR during ventilations
B) a neurosurgeon or ED physician
C) reassessing the patient's BP after 10 minutes
D) immediate reassessment following the intervention -- Correct Answer
✔✔ D) immediate reassessment following the intervention
15) If you do not have the appropriate-sized cervical collar, you should:
A) defer cervical immobilization and apply lateral head blocks
B) place sandbags on either side of the patient's head
C) ask the patient to keep his or her head in a neutral position
D) use rolled towels to immobilize the patient's head -- Correct Answer
✔✔ D) use rolled towels to immobilize the patient's head
16) A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who:
A) require prompt extrication from a vehicle
B) are in a sitting position and are clinically stable
