Psych 100 PSU 16' Crosby Exam 1. | Exam Revision Questions And
Correct Answers | Graded A+ | 2025 Update |
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer -established the first psychology lab at the University of Leipzig,
Germany;
"Father of Psychology"
Structuralism - Answer -early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Tichener; used
introspection to
reveal the structure of the human mind
Functionalism - Answer -early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin;
explored
how metal and behavioral processes function-- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive,
and
flourish
John B. Watson - Answer -Dismissed introspection and redefined psychology as " the scientific
study of
observable behavior"; Worked with Rosalie Rayner on controversial experiment on baby coined
as "Little
Albert"
Behaviorism - Answer -the view that psychology(1) should be an objective science that (2) studies
behavior w/o reference to mental processes. Most psychologist today agree with (1) but not (2).
Psychology - Answer -the science of behavior and mental processes
Sigmund Freud - Answer -controversial ideas of this framed personality theorist and therapist have
influenced humanity's self-understanding
Case Study - Answer -a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth
in the
hope of revealing universal principles
Control Group - Answer -the group in an experiment or study that does not receive treatment by
the
researchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do
, Correlation - Answer -a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together; and thus how
well
either factor predicts the other
Dependent Variable - Answer -in an experiment the outcome that is measured; the variable that
may
change when the independent variable is manipulated
Independent variable - Answer -in an experiment, the factor that is manipulated; the variable whose
effect is being studied
Hypothesis - Answer -testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Naturalistic Observation - Answer -a descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in
naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
Experiment - Answer -a research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors
(independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process(the dependent
variable)
Experimental Group - Answer -in an experiment the group exposed to the treatment that is, to one
version, the independent variable
Placebo effect - Answer -experimental results caused by the expectation alone; any effect on
behavior
caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an
active
agent.
Ivan Pavlov - Answer -pioneered the study of learning; Russian physiologist known for work in
classical
conditioning
Goals of psychology - Answer -describe, explain, predict and control the behavior and mental
processes
of others
Laboratory Observation - Answer -researchers bring in people to be participants in their test, which
takes
place in an environment controlled by the researchers, and will make the test as similar to a real
life
Correct Answers | Graded A+ | 2025 Update |
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer -established the first psychology lab at the University of Leipzig,
Germany;
"Father of Psychology"
Structuralism - Answer -early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Tichener; used
introspection to
reveal the structure of the human mind
Functionalism - Answer -early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin;
explored
how metal and behavioral processes function-- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive,
and
flourish
John B. Watson - Answer -Dismissed introspection and redefined psychology as " the scientific
study of
observable behavior"; Worked with Rosalie Rayner on controversial experiment on baby coined
as "Little
Albert"
Behaviorism - Answer -the view that psychology(1) should be an objective science that (2) studies
behavior w/o reference to mental processes. Most psychologist today agree with (1) but not (2).
Psychology - Answer -the science of behavior and mental processes
Sigmund Freud - Answer -controversial ideas of this framed personality theorist and therapist have
influenced humanity's self-understanding
Case Study - Answer -a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth
in the
hope of revealing universal principles
Control Group - Answer -the group in an experiment or study that does not receive treatment by
the
researchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do
, Correlation - Answer -a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together; and thus how
well
either factor predicts the other
Dependent Variable - Answer -in an experiment the outcome that is measured; the variable that
may
change when the independent variable is manipulated
Independent variable - Answer -in an experiment, the factor that is manipulated; the variable whose
effect is being studied
Hypothesis - Answer -testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Naturalistic Observation - Answer -a descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in
naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
Experiment - Answer -a research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors
(independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process(the dependent
variable)
Experimental Group - Answer -in an experiment the group exposed to the treatment that is, to one
version, the independent variable
Placebo effect - Answer -experimental results caused by the expectation alone; any effect on
behavior
caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an
active
agent.
Ivan Pavlov - Answer -pioneered the study of learning; Russian physiologist known for work in
classical
conditioning
Goals of psychology - Answer -describe, explain, predict and control the behavior and mental
processes
of others
Laboratory Observation - Answer -researchers bring in people to be participants in their test, which
takes
place in an environment controlled by the researchers, and will make the test as similar to a real
life
