©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
SMPA 6242 Midterm Study Guide 100%
Verified.
Statistical question - Answer✔a question that requires data to answer and anticipates
variability in the data that is collected to answer the question
steps to answering a statistical question - Answer✔step 1: pose a question that can be
answered by data
step 2: determine a plan to collect (or find) the data necessary answer the question
step 3: summarize the data with graphs and numerical summaries
step 4: answer the question posed in step 1 using data and summary stats
step 5: quantCrit
numerical data
2 kinds - Answer✔measured in units, represented with numbers
discrete & continuous
categorical data
2 kinds - Answer✔data measured using categories
1
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
ordinal & nominal
discrete data - Answer✔a few answers
ex: how many childremnhow many books
continuous data - Answer✔many infinite answers
ex: miles from the White House, height in inches
ordinal data - Answer✔the categories are numbered in a way that follows a pattern
nominal data - Answer✔the numbered-ness or irrelevant in their order
binary variables - Answer✔categorical variables with only two possible categories
ex: male and female
experimental sources - Answer✔from experiments trying to evaluate the cause of some effect
ex: randomizing student class sizes
observational sources - Answer✔obtained by observing behavior or phenomena outside an
experiment
ex: daily weather temperatures
2
SMPA 6242 Midterm Study Guide 100%
Verified.
Statistical question - Answer✔a question that requires data to answer and anticipates
variability in the data that is collected to answer the question
steps to answering a statistical question - Answer✔step 1: pose a question that can be
answered by data
step 2: determine a plan to collect (or find) the data necessary answer the question
step 3: summarize the data with graphs and numerical summaries
step 4: answer the question posed in step 1 using data and summary stats
step 5: quantCrit
numerical data
2 kinds - Answer✔measured in units, represented with numbers
discrete & continuous
categorical data
2 kinds - Answer✔data measured using categories
1
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
ordinal & nominal
discrete data - Answer✔a few answers
ex: how many childremnhow many books
continuous data - Answer✔many infinite answers
ex: miles from the White House, height in inches
ordinal data - Answer✔the categories are numbered in a way that follows a pattern
nominal data - Answer✔the numbered-ness or irrelevant in their order
binary variables - Answer✔categorical variables with only two possible categories
ex: male and female
experimental sources - Answer✔from experiments trying to evaluate the cause of some effect
ex: randomizing student class sizes
observational sources - Answer✔obtained by observing behavior or phenomena outside an
experiment
ex: daily weather temperatures
2
