,TEST BANK FOR
ds ds
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
ds d s d s d s ds d s d s d s ds ds d s
Chapter 1-27 d s
Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
MULTIPLE CHOICE d s
1. The ―father‖ of immunology is generally considered to be
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.‖
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
2. An d s early form of immunization was practiced by the
ds d s d s d s d s d s ds
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans. ds
ANS: C
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried
ds ds d s ds ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds
powders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
3. A d s specific function of the immune system is to
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
a. recognize self from nonself. d s d s d s
b. defend the body against nonself. d s d s ds d s
c. amplify specific functions. ds d s
d. Both A and B. d s d s d s
ANS: D
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the
ds ds ds ds ds d s ds ds ds d s ds ds d s d s
dsbody against nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
system also has nonspecific effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific
d s d s d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
functions. Nonspecific components of the immune system include mononuclear
ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds
phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble factors (e.g., complement).
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
d s d s d s d s ds
a. natural resistance. d s
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases. d s d s ds d s
, c. an autoimmune disorder.
d s d s
d. recovery from infectious disease. ds d s d s
ANS: C
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
d resistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can
s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
d cause many disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy,
s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
rejection of a transplanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.
d s d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
ds d s d s ds d s d s d s
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells. d s ds d s
ANS: D
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds
elements, with the distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability,
d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
and cooperation among different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are
ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
d characteristics of lymphocytes in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the
s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
immune system demonstrate mobility. In addition, specific and nonspecific cellular
ds d s ds d s ds d s ds ds ds ds
components of the immune system can replicate. Cooperation is required for optimal
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds d s ds ds ds
functioning, and interaction involves specific cellular elements, cell products,
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
and nonlymphoid elements.
d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the d s d s d s d s d s d s ds
a. immediate hours after conception d s d s d s
b. second month of gestation. d s d s d s
c. second trimester of gestation. d s d s d s
d. periods of severe anemia in children. d s d s d s d s d s
ANS: A
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
in the embryo and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second
d s d s ds d s ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
month of gestation.
d s ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: II ds d s
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
d s d s d s d s
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
d s d s d s d s
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow. d s d s d s d s
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac.
ds d s d s d s
ANS: A
, The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
in the islets of the yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually,
d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
the liver and spleen replace the yolk sac as the sites of blood cell
d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
development. By the second month of gestation, the liver becomes the major
d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s
site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s
appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s
fetal life. In the fourth month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s
blood cells. After the fifth fetal month, bone marrow begins to assume its
d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: II ds d s
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
d s ds d s d s d s d s
a. to reduce inflammation.
d s d s
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
d s d s d s d s d s ds
c. antigen recognition. ds
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal
ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds
system, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
the site of injury and can be found in the initial exudate in less than 1
d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
hour. Monocytes are slower in moving to the inflammatory site. Macrophages
d s d s d s d s ds d s ds d s d s d s d s
resident in the tissues of the body are already in place to deal with an
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s
intruding agent. Additional macrophages from the bone marrow and other tissues can
ds ds d s ds d s ds ds ds d s d s ds d s
be released in severe infections.
d s d s d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: II ds d s
9. Primary granules, or azurophilic granules, in neutrophils contain
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both A and B. d s d s d s
ANS: D
Granules in the phagocyte cytosol contain degradatory enzymes of three types
ds d s d s d s d s d s ds d s ds d s
1. Primary, or azurophilic, granules containing enzymes d s ds ds ds ds
(e.g., lysozyme, myeloperoxidase)
ds ds ds
2. Secondary, or specific, granules containing substances such as lactoferrin. ds d s d s d s ds d s d s d s
3. Tertiary granules containing substances such as caspases ds d s d s d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
10. The origin of a condition when eosinophils are increased in the circulating
d s d s d s d s ds d s d s ds ds ds ds
blood is associated with:
ds d s ds ds
a. fungus
b. parasitic amoeba ds
c. allergic reactions ds
d. bacteria
ANS: C
ds ds
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
ds d s d s d s ds d s d s d s ds ds d s
Chapter 1-27 d s
Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
MULTIPLE CHOICE d s
1. The ―father‖ of immunology is generally considered to be
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.‖
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
2. An d s early form of immunization was practiced by the
ds d s d s d s d s d s ds
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans. ds
ANS: C
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried
ds ds d s ds ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds
powders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
3. A d s specific function of the immune system is to
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
a. recognize self from nonself. d s d s d s
b. defend the body against nonself. d s d s ds d s
c. amplify specific functions. ds d s
d. Both A and B. d s d s d s
ANS: D
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the
ds ds ds ds ds d s ds ds ds d s ds ds d s d s
dsbody against nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
system also has nonspecific effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific
d s d s d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
functions. Nonspecific components of the immune system include mononuclear
ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds
phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble factors (e.g., complement).
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
d s d s d s d s ds
a. natural resistance. d s
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases. d s d s ds d s
, c. an autoimmune disorder.
d s d s
d. recovery from infectious disease. ds d s d s
ANS: C
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
d resistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can
s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
d cause many disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy,
s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
rejection of a transplanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.
d s d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
ds d s d s ds d s d s d s
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells. d s ds d s
ANS: D
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds
elements, with the distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability,
d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
and cooperation among different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are
ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
d characteristics of lymphocytes in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the
s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
immune system demonstrate mobility. In addition, specific and nonspecific cellular
ds d s ds d s ds d s ds ds ds ds
components of the immune system can replicate. Cooperation is required for optimal
ds ds ds ds ds ds ds ds d s ds ds ds
functioning, and interaction involves specific cellular elements, cell products,
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
and nonlymphoid elements.
d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the d s d s d s d s d s d s ds
a. immediate hours after conception d s d s d s
b. second month of gestation. d s d s d s
c. second trimester of gestation. d s d s d s
d. periods of severe anemia in children. d s d s d s d s d s
ANS: A
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
in the embryo and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second
d s d s ds d s ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds ds
month of gestation.
d s ds ds
DIF: Cognitive Level: II ds d s
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
d s d s d s d s
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
d s d s d s d s
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow. d s d s d s d s
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac.
ds d s d s d s
ANS: A
, The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
in the islets of the yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually,
d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
the liver and spleen replace the yolk sac as the sites of blood cell
d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
development. By the second month of gestation, the liver becomes the major
d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s
site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s
appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s
fetal life. In the fourth month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s
blood cells. After the fifth fetal month, bone marrow begins to assume its
d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: II ds d s
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
d s ds d s d s d s d s
a. to reduce inflammation.
d s d s
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
d s d s d s d s d s ds
c. antigen recognition. ds
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal
ds ds d s ds ds ds ds ds ds
system, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
the site of injury and can be found in the initial exudate in less than 1
d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s
hour. Monocytes are slower in moving to the inflammatory site. Macrophages
d s d s d s d s ds d s ds d s d s d s d s
resident in the tissues of the body are already in place to deal with an
d s d s d s d s d s d s d s d s ds d s d s d s d s d s d s
intruding agent. Additional macrophages from the bone marrow and other tissues can
ds ds d s ds d s ds ds ds d s d s ds d s
be released in severe infections.
d s d s d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: II ds d s
9. Primary granules, or azurophilic granules, in neutrophils contain
ds d s d s d s d s d s d s
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both A and B. d s d s d s
ANS: D
Granules in the phagocyte cytosol contain degradatory enzymes of three types
ds d s d s d s d s d s ds d s ds d s
1. Primary, or azurophilic, granules containing enzymes d s ds ds ds ds
(e.g., lysozyme, myeloperoxidase)
ds ds ds
2. Secondary, or specific, granules containing substances such as lactoferrin. ds d s d s d s ds d s d s d s
3. Tertiary granules containing substances such as caspases ds d s d s d s d s d s
DIF: Cognitive Level: I ds d s
10. The origin of a condition when eosinophils are increased in the circulating
d s d s d s d s ds d s d s ds ds ds ds
blood is associated with:
ds d s ds ds
a. fungus
b. parasitic amoeba ds
c. allergic reactions ds
d. bacteria
ANS: C
