PSYCH 101 GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY MODULE 2
EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+ |
2025/2026 GUIDE | PORTAGE LEARNING
Question 1
pts
How many chromosomes does the average human have?
Correct!
46
Correct Answers
46
Question 2
pts
What are chromosomes?
Threadlike structures that come in 23 pairs, and one member of each pair comes from the
individual’s father and one from the mother.
Question 3
pts
Compare and contrast genotype and phenotype.
A genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, while a phenotype is the physical expression
of the genotype.
Question 4
pts
Describe what we know about each of the four children’s genotype and phenotype, at least as
they pertain to hair color, from the Punnett square example in the module.
The phenotype is the physical expression of the genotype. It’s what is observable to others. In
some cases, someone's phenotype can tell you the genotype. Child aa is light-haired and,
therefore, definitely has two light-haired recessive alleles. But, without genetic testing, you
can’t just look at the other children to know whether they are heterozygous or homozygous for
hair color. The phenotype is dark hair, but no one can tell just by looking whether a recessive
allele for light hair is also present, since the recessive allele is not observable.
, 0Question
/ 0 pts 5
What is a neuron? Describe 3 parts of a neuron.
A neuron is a nerve cell. Parts of a neuron include the Soma (cell body), Dendrites (fibers that
receive information and take it into the neuron), Axon (thick fiber through which the Action
Potential runs, taking information away from the neuron to the next neuron), and Synapse (gap
between neurons, into which neurotransmitters are sent).
Question 6
pts
Name and describe one type of neuron.
Sensory, or Afferent neurons, carry information from sense organs TO the brain.
Motor neurons, or Efferent neurons, carry information FROM the brain to the body.
Interneurons relay messages among Sensory, Motor, and other Interneurons.
Question 7
pts
What are the differences between the resting potential and action potential?
The Resting Potential is when the neuron is in a state of rest, with a negative charge. The Action
Potential is a state of action, triggered by the change to a positive electric charge, and it
involves this charge “firing” down the course of an Axon, down to the Terminal Button.
Question 8
pts
What is a neurotransmitter? Describe one in detail.
A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger used by the nervous system. Dopamine is
responsible for pleasure sensations and voluntary motor movement. Serotonin regulates and
balances behavior and mood. Endorphins are the body’s natural pain suppressors.
Question 9
pts
Which of the body’s communication systems uses neurotransmitters? Which uses hormones?
Nervous System, Endocrine System
Question 10
pts
What is the “roadway” that the endocrine system uses?
Bloodstream
EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+ |
2025/2026 GUIDE | PORTAGE LEARNING
Question 1
pts
How many chromosomes does the average human have?
Correct!
46
Correct Answers
46
Question 2
pts
What are chromosomes?
Threadlike structures that come in 23 pairs, and one member of each pair comes from the
individual’s father and one from the mother.
Question 3
pts
Compare and contrast genotype and phenotype.
A genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, while a phenotype is the physical expression
of the genotype.
Question 4
pts
Describe what we know about each of the four children’s genotype and phenotype, at least as
they pertain to hair color, from the Punnett square example in the module.
The phenotype is the physical expression of the genotype. It’s what is observable to others. In
some cases, someone's phenotype can tell you the genotype. Child aa is light-haired and,
therefore, definitely has two light-haired recessive alleles. But, without genetic testing, you
can’t just look at the other children to know whether they are heterozygous or homozygous for
hair color. The phenotype is dark hair, but no one can tell just by looking whether a recessive
allele for light hair is also present, since the recessive allele is not observable.
, 0Question
/ 0 pts 5
What is a neuron? Describe 3 parts of a neuron.
A neuron is a nerve cell. Parts of a neuron include the Soma (cell body), Dendrites (fibers that
receive information and take it into the neuron), Axon (thick fiber through which the Action
Potential runs, taking information away from the neuron to the next neuron), and Synapse (gap
between neurons, into which neurotransmitters are sent).
Question 6
pts
Name and describe one type of neuron.
Sensory, or Afferent neurons, carry information from sense organs TO the brain.
Motor neurons, or Efferent neurons, carry information FROM the brain to the body.
Interneurons relay messages among Sensory, Motor, and other Interneurons.
Question 7
pts
What are the differences between the resting potential and action potential?
The Resting Potential is when the neuron is in a state of rest, with a negative charge. The Action
Potential is a state of action, triggered by the change to a positive electric charge, and it
involves this charge “firing” down the course of an Axon, down to the Terminal Button.
Question 8
pts
What is a neurotransmitter? Describe one in detail.
A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger used by the nervous system. Dopamine is
responsible for pleasure sensations and voluntary motor movement. Serotonin regulates and
balances behavior and mood. Endorphins are the body’s natural pain suppressors.
Question 9
pts
Which of the body’s communication systems uses neurotransmitters? Which uses hormones?
Nervous System, Endocrine System
Question 10
pts
What is the “roadway” that the endocrine system uses?
Bloodstream
