WGU-
C190: INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY 520
G G G G G
QUESTIONS AND ANSWER G G
BiologistsG-
GanswerGstudyGhowGhumansGandGotherGlivingGorganismsGinteractGwithGtheirGenvironment.
BiologyG-
GanswerGisGtheGscientificGstudyGofGlifeGandGisGtheGbranchGofGscienceGthatGstudiesGlivingGorganismsG
andGtheGwayGorganismsGinteractGwithGtheirGenvironments.
ToGbeGconsideredGalive,GsomethingGmustGbeGmadeGupGofG5GdistinctGqualities:G-GanswerG-
BeGmadeGofGmaterialsGorganizedGinGaGhierarchicalGpattern.
-UseGenergyGandGrawGmaterialsGtoGsurvive.
-SenseGandGrespondGtoGchangingGenvironmentsGandGmaintainGinternalGstability,GorGhomeostasis.
-Grow,Gdevelop,GandGreproduce.
-BeGpartGofGaGpopulationGthatGevolves.
cellG-GanswerGsmallestGlivingGorganismGthatGshowsGallG5GcharacteristicsGofGlife
MatterG-GanswerGanyGsubstanceGthatGhasGmassGandGtakesGupGspace.
AllGmatterGcanGbeGclassifiedGinGoneGofGtwoGcategories:G-
GanswerGbioticG(livingGorGhavingGlived)GorGabioticG(nonlivingGandGneverGhavingGbeenGalive).
bioticG-GanswerGlivingGorGhavingGlived
abioticG-GanswerGnonlivingGandGneverGhavingGbeenGalive
,AtomG-GanswerGbasicGunitGofGmatter
moleculeG-
GanswerGaGchemicalGstructureGconsistingGofGatGleastGtwoGatomsGheldGtogetherGbyGaGchemicalGbon
d
MacromoleculesG-GanswerGbiologicallyGimportantGmoleculesGthatGareGtechnicallyGpolymers
WhenGmacromoleculesGareGusedGasGbuildingGblocksGtoGformGaGmembrane-boundGsphereG-
GanswerGyouGhaveGaGcell
twoGmainGtypesGofGcellsG-GanswerGprokaryotesGandGeukaryotes
prokaryotesG-
GanswerGsmallGandGsimple;GtheyGdoGnotGhaveGanyGclearlyGdefinedGcompartmentsGinsideGofGthem
eukaryotesG-GanswerGincludeGmembrane-boundGorganelles
organellesG-
GanswerGcompartmentsGinsideGtheGcellGthatGcontainGspecificGgroupsGofGmacromoleculesGandGcarr
yGoutGspecificGcellularGfunctions
microorganismsG-GanswerGSingle-celledGlifeGforms
TissuesG-GanswerGformedGwhenGsimilarGcellsGworkGtogetherGtoGfulfillGtheGsameGdetailedGfunction
OrgansG-
GanswerGcollectionsGofGtissuesGthatGworkGtogetherGtoGcarryGoutGaGcommonGgeneralGfunction
,organGsystemG-
GanswerGaGhigherGlevelGofGorganizationGthatGconsistsGofGfunctionallyGrelatedGorgans
OrganismsG-GanswerGindividualGlivingGentitiesGthatGsurviveGandGreproduceGasGaGunit
populationG-GanswerGconsistsGofGallGtheGindividualsGofGaGspeciesGlivingGwithinGaGspecificGarea
populationsGcanGinteractGwithGeachGotherGinGpositiveGandGnegativeGways,GandGtogetherGtheyGfor
mGaG-GanswerGcommunity
ecosystemG-
GanswerGconsistsGofGallGtheGlivingGthingsGinGaGparticularGareaGtogetherGwithGtheGabiotic,GorGnonlivi
ng,GpartsGofGthatGenvironment
biosphereG-GanswerGtheGcollectionGofGallGecosystemsGonGEarth
emergentGpropertiesG-
GanswerGcharacteristicsGofGaGsystemGthatGdoGnotGappearGinGanyGoneGofGitsGcomponentGpartsGalon
e,GbutGthatGappearGwhenGallGpartsGareGcombined.
BiomeG-GanswerGAreasGofGtheGearthGwithGsimilarGcharacteristicsGofGlivingGandGnonlivingGthings
WhatGisGtheGfirstGlevelGofGorganizationGthatGisGalive?G-GanswerGTheGcell
LevelsGofGorganizationGfromGsmallestGtoGlargestG(simpleGtoGcomplex):G-GanswerG(1)Gatom
(2)GmoleculeG
(3)GorganellesG
(4)Gcell
, (5)Gtissue
(6)Gorgans
(7)GorganGsystemG
(8)GorganismsG
(9)GpopulationG
(10)GcommunityG
(11)GecosystemG(w/biomes)G
(12)Gbiosphere
ProcessGorganismsGhaveGdevelopedGandGchangedGfromGearlierGformsGdueGtoGmutationsGandGadap
tationsG-GanswerGEvolution:GancestryGand/orGadaptationGbyGnaturalGselection
OrderedGpartsGofGbiologicalGsystemG-GanswerGOrganization
StableGinternalGenvironmentG-GanswerGResponseGtoGstimuliGandGhomeostasis
MakingGofGnewGorganismsGandGincreaseGinGsizeGonceGproducedG-
GanswerGGrowthGandGreproduction
LivingGorganismsGmaintainG-GanswerGhomeostasis
EnergyGflowsGthroughG-GanswerGlivingGsystems
matterGisG-GanswerGrecycled
Life'sGcomponentsGareGinterconnectedG-GanswerGandGinterdependent.
OrganismsGgrowG-GanswerGdevelop,GandGreproduce
C190: INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY 520
G G G G G
QUESTIONS AND ANSWER G G
BiologistsG-
GanswerGstudyGhowGhumansGandGotherGlivingGorganismsGinteractGwithGtheirGenvironment.
BiologyG-
GanswerGisGtheGscientificGstudyGofGlifeGandGisGtheGbranchGofGscienceGthatGstudiesGlivingGorganismsG
andGtheGwayGorganismsGinteractGwithGtheirGenvironments.
ToGbeGconsideredGalive,GsomethingGmustGbeGmadeGupGofG5GdistinctGqualities:G-GanswerG-
BeGmadeGofGmaterialsGorganizedGinGaGhierarchicalGpattern.
-UseGenergyGandGrawGmaterialsGtoGsurvive.
-SenseGandGrespondGtoGchangingGenvironmentsGandGmaintainGinternalGstability,GorGhomeostasis.
-Grow,Gdevelop,GandGreproduce.
-BeGpartGofGaGpopulationGthatGevolves.
cellG-GanswerGsmallestGlivingGorganismGthatGshowsGallG5GcharacteristicsGofGlife
MatterG-GanswerGanyGsubstanceGthatGhasGmassGandGtakesGupGspace.
AllGmatterGcanGbeGclassifiedGinGoneGofGtwoGcategories:G-
GanswerGbioticG(livingGorGhavingGlived)GorGabioticG(nonlivingGandGneverGhavingGbeenGalive).
bioticG-GanswerGlivingGorGhavingGlived
abioticG-GanswerGnonlivingGandGneverGhavingGbeenGalive
,AtomG-GanswerGbasicGunitGofGmatter
moleculeG-
GanswerGaGchemicalGstructureGconsistingGofGatGleastGtwoGatomsGheldGtogetherGbyGaGchemicalGbon
d
MacromoleculesG-GanswerGbiologicallyGimportantGmoleculesGthatGareGtechnicallyGpolymers
WhenGmacromoleculesGareGusedGasGbuildingGblocksGtoGformGaGmembrane-boundGsphereG-
GanswerGyouGhaveGaGcell
twoGmainGtypesGofGcellsG-GanswerGprokaryotesGandGeukaryotes
prokaryotesG-
GanswerGsmallGandGsimple;GtheyGdoGnotGhaveGanyGclearlyGdefinedGcompartmentsGinsideGofGthem
eukaryotesG-GanswerGincludeGmembrane-boundGorganelles
organellesG-
GanswerGcompartmentsGinsideGtheGcellGthatGcontainGspecificGgroupsGofGmacromoleculesGandGcarr
yGoutGspecificGcellularGfunctions
microorganismsG-GanswerGSingle-celledGlifeGforms
TissuesG-GanswerGformedGwhenGsimilarGcellsGworkGtogetherGtoGfulfillGtheGsameGdetailedGfunction
OrgansG-
GanswerGcollectionsGofGtissuesGthatGworkGtogetherGtoGcarryGoutGaGcommonGgeneralGfunction
,organGsystemG-
GanswerGaGhigherGlevelGofGorganizationGthatGconsistsGofGfunctionallyGrelatedGorgans
OrganismsG-GanswerGindividualGlivingGentitiesGthatGsurviveGandGreproduceGasGaGunit
populationG-GanswerGconsistsGofGallGtheGindividualsGofGaGspeciesGlivingGwithinGaGspecificGarea
populationsGcanGinteractGwithGeachGotherGinGpositiveGandGnegativeGways,GandGtogetherGtheyGfor
mGaG-GanswerGcommunity
ecosystemG-
GanswerGconsistsGofGallGtheGlivingGthingsGinGaGparticularGareaGtogetherGwithGtheGabiotic,GorGnonlivi
ng,GpartsGofGthatGenvironment
biosphereG-GanswerGtheGcollectionGofGallGecosystemsGonGEarth
emergentGpropertiesG-
GanswerGcharacteristicsGofGaGsystemGthatGdoGnotGappearGinGanyGoneGofGitsGcomponentGpartsGalon
e,GbutGthatGappearGwhenGallGpartsGareGcombined.
BiomeG-GanswerGAreasGofGtheGearthGwithGsimilarGcharacteristicsGofGlivingGandGnonlivingGthings
WhatGisGtheGfirstGlevelGofGorganizationGthatGisGalive?G-GanswerGTheGcell
LevelsGofGorganizationGfromGsmallestGtoGlargestG(simpleGtoGcomplex):G-GanswerG(1)Gatom
(2)GmoleculeG
(3)GorganellesG
(4)Gcell
, (5)Gtissue
(6)Gorgans
(7)GorganGsystemG
(8)GorganismsG
(9)GpopulationG
(10)GcommunityG
(11)GecosystemG(w/biomes)G
(12)Gbiosphere
ProcessGorganismsGhaveGdevelopedGandGchangedGfromGearlierGformsGdueGtoGmutationsGandGadap
tationsG-GanswerGEvolution:GancestryGand/orGadaptationGbyGnaturalGselection
OrderedGpartsGofGbiologicalGsystemG-GanswerGOrganization
StableGinternalGenvironmentG-GanswerGResponseGtoGstimuliGandGhomeostasis
MakingGofGnewGorganismsGandGincreaseGinGsizeGonceGproducedG-
GanswerGGrowthGandGreproduction
LivingGorganismsGmaintainG-GanswerGhomeostasis
EnergyGflowsGthroughG-GanswerGlivingGsystems
matterGisG-GanswerGrecycled
Life'sGcomponentsGareGinterconnectedG-GanswerGandGinterdependent.
OrganismsGgrowG-GanswerGdevelop,GandGreproduce
