TEST BANK y
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
y y y y y y
And Children
y y
8THEDITION BY KATHRYN L.
y y y y
yMCCANCE
,McCance: yPathophysiology: yThe yBiologic yBasis yfor yDisease yin yAdults yand yChildren y(8th yEdition) yTEST
yBANK
CONTENTS:
Chapter y01: yCellular yBiology
Chapter y02: yAltered yCellular yand yTissue yBiology: yEnvironmental yAgents
Chapter y03: yThe yCellular yEnvironment: yFluids yand yElectrolytes, yAcids yand yBases
Chapter y04: yGenes yand yGenetic yDiseases
Chapter y05: yGenes, yEnvironment-Lifestyle, yand yCommon yDiseases
Chapter y06: yEpigenetics yand yDisease
Chapter y07: yInnate yImmunity: yInflammation yand yWound yHealing
Chapter y08: yAdaptive yImmunity
Chapter y09: yAlterations yin yImmunity yand yInflammation
Chapter y10: yInfection
Chapter y11: yStress yand yDisease
Chapter y12: yCancer yBiology
Chapter y13: yCancer yEpidemiology
Chapter y14: yCancer yin yChildren
Chapter y15: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yNeurologic ySystem
Chapter y16: yPain, yTemperature yRegulation, ySleep, yand ySensory yFunction
Chapter y17: yAlterations yin yCognitive ySystems, yCerebral yHemodynamics, yand yMotor yFunction
Chapter y18: yDisorders yof ythe yCentral yand yPeripheral yNervous ySystems yand ythe yNeuromuscular yJunction
Chapter y19: yNeurobiology yof ySchizophrenia, yMood yDisorders, yand yAnxiety yDisorders
Chapter y20: yAlterations yof yNeurologic yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y21: yMechanisms yof yHormonal yRegulation
Chapter y22: yAlterations yof yHormonal yRegulation
Chapter y23: yObesity yand yDisorders yof yNutrition
Chapter y24: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yReproductive ySystems
Chapter y25: yAlterations yof ythe yFemale yReproductive ySystem
Chapter y26: yAlterations yof ythe yMale yReproductive ySystem
Chapter y27: ySexually yTransmitted yInfections
Chapter y28: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yHematologic ySystem
Chapter y29: yAlterations yof yErythrocytes, yPlatelets, yand yHemostatic yFunction
Chapter y30: yAlterations yof yLeukocyte yand yLymphoid yFunction
Chapter y31: yAlterations yof yHematologic yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y32: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yCardiovascular yand yLymphatic ySystems
Chapter y33: yAlterations yof yCardiovascular yFunction
Chapter y34: yAlterations yof yCardiovascular yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y35: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yPulmonary ySystem
Chapter y36: yAlterations yof yPulmonary yFunction
Chapter y37: yAlterations yof yPulmonary yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y38: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yRenal yand yUrologic ySystems
Chapter y39: yAlterations yof yRenal yand yUrinary yTract yFunction
Chapter y40: yAlterations yof yRenal yand yUrinary yTract yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y41: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yDigestive ySystem
Chapter y42: yAlterations yof yDigestive yFunction
Chapter y43: yAlterations yof yDigestive yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y44: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yMusculoskeletal ySystem
Chapter y45: yAlterations yof yMusculoskeletal yFunction
Chapter y46: yAlterations yof yMusculoskeletal yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y47: yStructure, yFunction, yand yDisorders yof ythe yIntegument
Chapter y48: yAlterations yof ythe yIntegument yin yChildren
Chapter y49: yShock, yMultiple yOrgan yDysfunction ySyndrome, yand yBurns yin yAdults
Chapter y50: yShock, yMultiple yOrgan yDysfunction ySyndrome, yand yBurns yin yChildren
, McCance: yPathophysiology: yThe yBiologic yBasis yfor yDisease yin yAdults yand yChildren y(8th yEdition) yTEST
yBANK
Part y1: yCENTRAL yCONCEPTS yOF yPATHOPHYSIOLOGY: yCELLS yAND yTISSUES
yUnit yI: yTHE yCELL
CHAPTER y01: yCELLULAR yBIOLOGY
MULTIPLE yCHOICE
1. Which ystatement ybest ydescribes ythe ycellular yfunction yof ymetabolic yabsorption?
a. Cells ycan yproduce yproteins.
b. Cells ycan ysecrete ydigestive
enzymes.
y
c. Cells ycan ytake yin yand yuse ynutrients.
d. Cells ycan ysynthesize yfats.
ANS: y C
In ymetabolic yabsorption, yall ycells ytake yin yand yuse ynutrients yand yother ysubstances yfrom ytheir
ysurroundings. yThe yremaining yoptions yare ynot yinclusive yin ytheir ydescriptions yof ycellular
ymetabolic yabsorption.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
2. Where yis ymost yof ya ycell’s ygenetic yinformation, yincluding yRNA yand yDNA, ycontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: y C
The ynucleus ycontains ythe ynucleolus, ya ysmall ydense ystructure ycomposed ylargely yof yRNA, ymost
yof ythe ycellular yDNA, yand ythe yDNA-binding yproteins, ysuch yas ythe yhistones, ywhich yregulate
yits yactivity. yThe ymitochondria yare yresponsible yfor ycellular yrespiration yand yenergy yproduction.
Ribosomes’ ychief yfunction yis yto yprovide ysites yfor ycellular yprotein ysynthesis. yLysosomes
yfunction yas ythe yintracellular ydigestive ysystem.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
3. Which ycomponent yof ythe ycell yproduces yhydrogen yperoxide y(H2O2) yby yusing yoxygen yto
remove yhydrogen yatoms yfrom yspecific ysubstrates yin yan yoxidative yreaction?
y
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: y B
, McCance: yPathophysiology: yThe yBiologic yBasis yfor yDisease yin yAdults yand yChildren y(8th yEdition) yTEST
yBANK
Peroxisomes yare yso ynamed ybecause ythey yusually ycontain yenzymes ythat yuse yoxygen yto yremove
yhydrogen yatoms yfrom yspecific ysubstrates yin yan yoxidative yreaction ythat yproduces yH2O2, ywhich
yis ya ypowerful yoxidant yand ypotentially ydestructive yif yit yaccumulates yor yescapes yfrom
yperoxisomes.
Ribosomes yare yRNA-protein ycomplexes y(nucleoproteins) ythat yare ysynthesized yin ythe
ynucleolus yand ysecreted yinto ythe ycytoplasm ythrough ypores yin ythe ynuclear yenvelope ycalled
ynuclear ypore ycomplexes. yLysosomes yare ysaclike ystructures ythat yoriginate yfrom ythe yGolgi
ycomplex yand ycontain ymore ythan y40 ydigestive yenzymes ycalled yhydrolases, ywhich ycatalyze
ybonds yin yproteins, ylipids, ynucleic yacids, yand ycarbohydrates. yAn yendosome yis ya yvesical ythat
yhas ybeen ypinched yoff yfrom ythe ycellular ymembrane.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
4. Which ycell ycomponent yis ycapable yof ycellular yautodigestion ywhen yit yis yreleased yduring ycell yinjury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi ycomplex
c. Smooth yendoplasmic yreticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: y D
The ylysosomal ymembrane yacts yas ya yprotective yshield ybetween ythe ypowerful ydigestive
yenzymes ywithin ythe ylysosome yand ythe ycytoplasm, ypreventing ytheir yleakage yinto ythe
ycytoplasmic ymatrix. yDisruption yof ythe ymembrane yby yvarious ytreatments yor ycellular yinjury
yleads yto ya yrelease yof ythe ylysosomal yenzymes, ywhich ycan ythen yreact ywith ytheir yspecific
ysubstrates, ycausing ycellular yself- ydigestion. yThe ychief yfunction yof ya yribosome yis yto yprovide
ysites yfor ycellular yprotein ysynthesis. yThe yGolgi ycomplex yis ya ynetwork yof yflattened, ysmooth
yvesicles yand ymembranes yoften ylocated ynear ythe ycell ynucleus. yThe ysmooth yendoplasmic
yreticulum yis yinvolved yin ysteroid yhormone yproduction yand yremoving ytoxic ysubstances yfrom
ythe ycell.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
5. Which ycAMP-mediated yresponse yis yrelated yto yantidiuretic yhormone?
a. Increased yheart yrate yand yforce yof
contraction
y
b. Secretion yof ycortisol
c. Increased yretention yof ywater
d. Breakdown yof yfat
ANS: y C
Antidiuretic yhormone yleads yto yincreased yretention yof ywater yin ythe ybody. yEpinephrine ycauses
yincreases yin yheart yrate yand yforce yof ycontraction. yIncreased ycortisol ysecretion yis ydue yto yACTH.
yBreakdown yof yfat yis ydue yto yglucagon.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
6. During ywhich yphase yof ythe ycell ycycle yis yDNA ysynthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
y y y y y y
And Children
y y
8THEDITION BY KATHRYN L.
y y y y
yMCCANCE
,McCance: yPathophysiology: yThe yBiologic yBasis yfor yDisease yin yAdults yand yChildren y(8th yEdition) yTEST
yBANK
CONTENTS:
Chapter y01: yCellular yBiology
Chapter y02: yAltered yCellular yand yTissue yBiology: yEnvironmental yAgents
Chapter y03: yThe yCellular yEnvironment: yFluids yand yElectrolytes, yAcids yand yBases
Chapter y04: yGenes yand yGenetic yDiseases
Chapter y05: yGenes, yEnvironment-Lifestyle, yand yCommon yDiseases
Chapter y06: yEpigenetics yand yDisease
Chapter y07: yInnate yImmunity: yInflammation yand yWound yHealing
Chapter y08: yAdaptive yImmunity
Chapter y09: yAlterations yin yImmunity yand yInflammation
Chapter y10: yInfection
Chapter y11: yStress yand yDisease
Chapter y12: yCancer yBiology
Chapter y13: yCancer yEpidemiology
Chapter y14: yCancer yin yChildren
Chapter y15: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yNeurologic ySystem
Chapter y16: yPain, yTemperature yRegulation, ySleep, yand ySensory yFunction
Chapter y17: yAlterations yin yCognitive ySystems, yCerebral yHemodynamics, yand yMotor yFunction
Chapter y18: yDisorders yof ythe yCentral yand yPeripheral yNervous ySystems yand ythe yNeuromuscular yJunction
Chapter y19: yNeurobiology yof ySchizophrenia, yMood yDisorders, yand yAnxiety yDisorders
Chapter y20: yAlterations yof yNeurologic yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y21: yMechanisms yof yHormonal yRegulation
Chapter y22: yAlterations yof yHormonal yRegulation
Chapter y23: yObesity yand yDisorders yof yNutrition
Chapter y24: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yReproductive ySystems
Chapter y25: yAlterations yof ythe yFemale yReproductive ySystem
Chapter y26: yAlterations yof ythe yMale yReproductive ySystem
Chapter y27: ySexually yTransmitted yInfections
Chapter y28: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yHematologic ySystem
Chapter y29: yAlterations yof yErythrocytes, yPlatelets, yand yHemostatic yFunction
Chapter y30: yAlterations yof yLeukocyte yand yLymphoid yFunction
Chapter y31: yAlterations yof yHematologic yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y32: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yCardiovascular yand yLymphatic ySystems
Chapter y33: yAlterations yof yCardiovascular yFunction
Chapter y34: yAlterations yof yCardiovascular yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y35: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yPulmonary ySystem
Chapter y36: yAlterations yof yPulmonary yFunction
Chapter y37: yAlterations yof yPulmonary yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y38: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yRenal yand yUrologic ySystems
Chapter y39: yAlterations yof yRenal yand yUrinary yTract yFunction
Chapter y40: yAlterations yof yRenal yand yUrinary yTract yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y41: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yDigestive ySystem
Chapter y42: yAlterations yof yDigestive yFunction
Chapter y43: yAlterations yof yDigestive yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y44: yStructure yand yFunction yof ythe yMusculoskeletal ySystem
Chapter y45: yAlterations yof yMusculoskeletal yFunction
Chapter y46: yAlterations yof yMusculoskeletal yFunction yin yChildren
Chapter y47: yStructure, yFunction, yand yDisorders yof ythe yIntegument
Chapter y48: yAlterations yof ythe yIntegument yin yChildren
Chapter y49: yShock, yMultiple yOrgan yDysfunction ySyndrome, yand yBurns yin yAdults
Chapter y50: yShock, yMultiple yOrgan yDysfunction ySyndrome, yand yBurns yin yChildren
, McCance: yPathophysiology: yThe yBiologic yBasis yfor yDisease yin yAdults yand yChildren y(8th yEdition) yTEST
yBANK
Part y1: yCENTRAL yCONCEPTS yOF yPATHOPHYSIOLOGY: yCELLS yAND yTISSUES
yUnit yI: yTHE yCELL
CHAPTER y01: yCELLULAR yBIOLOGY
MULTIPLE yCHOICE
1. Which ystatement ybest ydescribes ythe ycellular yfunction yof ymetabolic yabsorption?
a. Cells ycan yproduce yproteins.
b. Cells ycan ysecrete ydigestive
enzymes.
y
c. Cells ycan ytake yin yand yuse ynutrients.
d. Cells ycan ysynthesize yfats.
ANS: y C
In ymetabolic yabsorption, yall ycells ytake yin yand yuse ynutrients yand yother ysubstances yfrom ytheir
ysurroundings. yThe yremaining yoptions yare ynot yinclusive yin ytheir ydescriptions yof ycellular
ymetabolic yabsorption.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
2. Where yis ymost yof ya ycell’s ygenetic yinformation, yincluding yRNA yand yDNA, ycontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: y C
The ynucleus ycontains ythe ynucleolus, ya ysmall ydense ystructure ycomposed ylargely yof yRNA, ymost
yof ythe ycellular yDNA, yand ythe yDNA-binding yproteins, ysuch yas ythe yhistones, ywhich yregulate
yits yactivity. yThe ymitochondria yare yresponsible yfor ycellular yrespiration yand yenergy yproduction.
Ribosomes’ ychief yfunction yis yto yprovide ysites yfor ycellular yprotein ysynthesis. yLysosomes
yfunction yas ythe yintracellular ydigestive ysystem.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
3. Which ycomponent yof ythe ycell yproduces yhydrogen yperoxide y(H2O2) yby yusing yoxygen yto
remove yhydrogen yatoms yfrom yspecific ysubstrates yin yan yoxidative yreaction?
y
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: y B
, McCance: yPathophysiology: yThe yBiologic yBasis yfor yDisease yin yAdults yand yChildren y(8th yEdition) yTEST
yBANK
Peroxisomes yare yso ynamed ybecause ythey yusually ycontain yenzymes ythat yuse yoxygen yto yremove
yhydrogen yatoms yfrom yspecific ysubstrates yin yan yoxidative yreaction ythat yproduces yH2O2, ywhich
yis ya ypowerful yoxidant yand ypotentially ydestructive yif yit yaccumulates yor yescapes yfrom
yperoxisomes.
Ribosomes yare yRNA-protein ycomplexes y(nucleoproteins) ythat yare ysynthesized yin ythe
ynucleolus yand ysecreted yinto ythe ycytoplasm ythrough ypores yin ythe ynuclear yenvelope ycalled
ynuclear ypore ycomplexes. yLysosomes yare ysaclike ystructures ythat yoriginate yfrom ythe yGolgi
ycomplex yand ycontain ymore ythan y40 ydigestive yenzymes ycalled yhydrolases, ywhich ycatalyze
ybonds yin yproteins, ylipids, ynucleic yacids, yand ycarbohydrates. yAn yendosome yis ya yvesical ythat
yhas ybeen ypinched yoff yfrom ythe ycellular ymembrane.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
4. Which ycell ycomponent yis ycapable yof ycellular yautodigestion ywhen yit yis yreleased yduring ycell yinjury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi ycomplex
c. Smooth yendoplasmic yreticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: y D
The ylysosomal ymembrane yacts yas ya yprotective yshield ybetween ythe ypowerful ydigestive
yenzymes ywithin ythe ylysosome yand ythe ycytoplasm, ypreventing ytheir yleakage yinto ythe
ycytoplasmic ymatrix. yDisruption yof ythe ymembrane yby yvarious ytreatments yor ycellular yinjury
yleads yto ya yrelease yof ythe ylysosomal yenzymes, ywhich ycan ythen yreact ywith ytheir yspecific
ysubstrates, ycausing ycellular yself- ydigestion. yThe ychief yfunction yof ya yribosome yis yto yprovide
ysites yfor ycellular yprotein ysynthesis. yThe yGolgi ycomplex yis ya ynetwork yof yflattened, ysmooth
yvesicles yand ymembranes yoften ylocated ynear ythe ycell ynucleus. yThe ysmooth yendoplasmic
yreticulum yis yinvolved yin ysteroid yhormone yproduction yand yremoving ytoxic ysubstances yfrom
ythe ycell.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
5. Which ycAMP-mediated yresponse yis yrelated yto yantidiuretic yhormone?
a. Increased yheart yrate yand yforce yof
contraction
y
b. Secretion yof ycortisol
c. Increased yretention yof ywater
d. Breakdown yof yfat
ANS: y C
Antidiuretic yhormone yleads yto yincreased yretention yof ywater yin ythe ybody. yEpinephrine ycauses
yincreases yin yheart yrate yand yforce yof ycontraction. yIncreased ycortisol ysecretion yis ydue yto yACTH.
yBreakdown yof yfat yis ydue yto yglucagon.
PTS: y y 1 DIF: Cognitive yLevel: yRemembering
6. During ywhich yphase yof ythe ycell ycycle yis yDNA ysynthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
