CHEM 210 Biochemistry Module 5 Exam ()
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Does the definition of a lipid focus on function or structure? - ans -function
What is a lipid? - ans -an organic molecule that dissolves in a non-polar solvent
What is a carotenoid? - ans --possess vibrant colors
-the red color of the cardinal bird is a carotenoid
-the yellow color of the yellow finch is a carotenoid
Where does the color of the yellow finch come from? What else does this color
and what does that mean? - ans --a compound known as zeaxanthin
-a yellow-colored bacterium, Pedobacter heparinus
-this microbe expresses the striking yellow color of zeaxanthin with exposure to
UV light, which suggests zeaxanthin protects the bacterium from the harmful
effects of UV rays
What are the five types of lipids? - ans --fatty acids
-triacylglycerols
-phosphoglycerides
-sphingophospholipids
-isoprenoid compounds
What do lipids do? - ans --serve as the fat energy molecules in most organisms
-the basis for the structure of cell walls
-serve as vitamins
-waxes for plants
-play critical roles in the nervous system
What is a fatty acid? - ans -a long carbon chain containing a carboxylic acid
functional group at one end
, How long are fatty acid chains? - ans --The length of the chain varies from 8 to 30
carbons, depending on the organism and conditions.
-However, the chain of carbons is most often even numbered with chains of 12 to
24 carbons most typical.
-Odd-number chains are found in nature, and most organisms have a process for
digesting them.
What does saturated mean? - ans -there are no double bonds
What is the fatty acid notation system? - ans -scientists write 14:0 to describe the
molecule, indicating there are 14 carbons and no double bonds. If a carbon chain
had 24 carbons with no double bonds, then the notation for be 24:0 for that
compound.
What does unsaturated mean? - ans -they contain one or more double bonds
Where are double bonds common? - ans --between carbons 9 and 10, which is a
typical position for a double bond in a monounsaturated molecule
-position 12 is also common.
What is the unsaturated naming system? - ans -scientists write the simplified
notation as 16:1(Δ9), indicating the molecule is 16 carbons long with one double
bond located at carbon-9. The number 9 written as a superscript next to the delta
sign indicates that the carbon of the double bond is closer to the carboxylic acid
group. This naming system assumes the double bond is between carbon-9 and
carbon-10; carbon-10 is the next carbon in the chain.
What is a PUFA? - ans -polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)
What is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)? - ans -contains two or more double
bonds in a single fatty acid chain
What is the omega naming system? - ans -the omega system indicates the
position of the double bond end opposite of the -COOH group or said another
way, numbered from the -CH3 end of the molecule
Portage Learning Questions and Verified Answers, 100%
Guarantee Pass
Does the definition of a lipid focus on function or structure? - ans -function
What is a lipid? - ans -an organic molecule that dissolves in a non-polar solvent
What is a carotenoid? - ans --possess vibrant colors
-the red color of the cardinal bird is a carotenoid
-the yellow color of the yellow finch is a carotenoid
Where does the color of the yellow finch come from? What else does this color
and what does that mean? - ans --a compound known as zeaxanthin
-a yellow-colored bacterium, Pedobacter heparinus
-this microbe expresses the striking yellow color of zeaxanthin with exposure to
UV light, which suggests zeaxanthin protects the bacterium from the harmful
effects of UV rays
What are the five types of lipids? - ans --fatty acids
-triacylglycerols
-phosphoglycerides
-sphingophospholipids
-isoprenoid compounds
What do lipids do? - ans --serve as the fat energy molecules in most organisms
-the basis for the structure of cell walls
-serve as vitamins
-waxes for plants
-play critical roles in the nervous system
What is a fatty acid? - ans -a long carbon chain containing a carboxylic acid
functional group at one end
, How long are fatty acid chains? - ans --The length of the chain varies from 8 to 30
carbons, depending on the organism and conditions.
-However, the chain of carbons is most often even numbered with chains of 12 to
24 carbons most typical.
-Odd-number chains are found in nature, and most organisms have a process for
digesting them.
What does saturated mean? - ans -there are no double bonds
What is the fatty acid notation system? - ans -scientists write 14:0 to describe the
molecule, indicating there are 14 carbons and no double bonds. If a carbon chain
had 24 carbons with no double bonds, then the notation for be 24:0 for that
compound.
What does unsaturated mean? - ans -they contain one or more double bonds
Where are double bonds common? - ans --between carbons 9 and 10, which is a
typical position for a double bond in a monounsaturated molecule
-position 12 is also common.
What is the unsaturated naming system? - ans -scientists write the simplified
notation as 16:1(Δ9), indicating the molecule is 16 carbons long with one double
bond located at carbon-9. The number 9 written as a superscript next to the delta
sign indicates that the carbon of the double bond is closer to the carboxylic acid
group. This naming system assumes the double bond is between carbon-9 and
carbon-10; carbon-10 is the next carbon in the chain.
What is a PUFA? - ans -polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)
What is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)? - ans -contains two or more double
bonds in a single fatty acid chain
What is the omega naming system? - ans -the omega system indicates the
position of the double bond end opposite of the -COOH group or said another
way, numbered from the -CH3 end of the molecule
