Medical Surgical Assessment A Exam
2025 Questions and Answers 100%
Pass
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is scheduled for a CT
scan with an IV contrast agent. Which of the following laboratory findings should
the nurse report to the provider prior to the procedure?
A) Sodium 136 mEq/L
B) Potassium 4.8 mEq/L
C) Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL
D) Calcium 10 mg/dL - ✔✔C) Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL
Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL is not within the expected reference range. Therefore, the
nurse should report the finding to the provider before the client has a CT scan with
an IV contrast agent. This finding places the client at risk for developing contrast-
induced nephropathy.
A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking acarbose. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?
A) Polyuria
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,B) Abdominal cramps
C) Renal insufficiency
D) Insomnia - ✔✔B) Abdominal cramps
Acarbose affects the gastrointestinal system. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the
client for abdominal cramping, rumbling bowel sounds, and diarrhea as adverse
effects of this medication.
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who had a cardiac catheterization via the
right femoral artery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent
postprocedure complications? (Select all)
A) Monitor the insertion site for bleeding
B) Position the affected extremity at a 45 degree angle
C) Restrict the client's fluid intake
D) Maintain the pressure dressing
E) Check the client's peripheral pulses - ✔✔A) Monitor the insertion site for bleeding
The nurse should monitor the client's insertion site for manifestations of
hemorrhaging.
D) Maintain the pressure dressing.
The nurse should maintain the client's pressure dressing to prevent hemorrhaging
and allow for the cannulation site to heal.
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,E) Check the client's peripheral pulses.
The nurse should assess the client's peripheral pulses to help identify signs of
arterial occlusion.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) and is dyspneic. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse include in the plan?
A) Encourage abdominal breathing
B) Direct the client to inhale with pursed lips
C) Set the oxygen therapy at 5L/min
D) Instruct the client to lean back while coughing - ✔✔A) Encourage abdominal
breathing
The nurse should encourage abdominal breathing, which reduces the workload on
the accessory muscles of respiration during dyspneic episodes.
A nurse is preparing to administer phytonadione 7 mg subcutaneously to a client
who has an INR of 4. Available is phytonadione 10 mg/mL. How many mL should
the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero is it
applies. Do not use a trailing zero. - ✔✔7mg/10 mg *1mL= 0.7 mL
A nurse is examining a client's IV site and notes a red line up his arm. The client
reports a throbbing, burning pain at the IV site. The nurse should identify that the
client's manifestations indicate which of the following complications of IV therapy?
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, A) Thrombophlebitis
B) Infiltration
C) Hematoma
D) Venous spasms - ✔✔A) Thrombophlebitis
The nurse should identify pain, warmth, and a red streak up the arm as indications
of thrombophlebitis.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about management of constipation with a client who
has hypothyroidism. Which of the following should the nurse include in the
teaching?
A) Increase intake of fiber-rich foods
B) Take a laxative every morning
C) Maintain a fluid intake of 1200 mL per day
D) Limit activity to preserve energy - ✔✔A) Increase intake of fiber-rich foods
The nurse should instruct the client to increase the amount of fiber-rich foods in his
diet. Dried beans and brown rice are examples of fiber-rich foods.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a compound fracture of the femur and was
placed in balanced suspension skeletal traction 4 days ago. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A) Perform pin site care daily
B) Remove the overbed trapeze
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
2025 Questions and Answers 100%
Pass
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is scheduled for a CT
scan with an IV contrast agent. Which of the following laboratory findings should
the nurse report to the provider prior to the procedure?
A) Sodium 136 mEq/L
B) Potassium 4.8 mEq/L
C) Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL
D) Calcium 10 mg/dL - ✔✔C) Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL
Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL is not within the expected reference range. Therefore, the
nurse should report the finding to the provider before the client has a CT scan with
an IV contrast agent. This finding places the client at risk for developing contrast-
induced nephropathy.
A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking acarbose. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?
A) Polyuria
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,B) Abdominal cramps
C) Renal insufficiency
D) Insomnia - ✔✔B) Abdominal cramps
Acarbose affects the gastrointestinal system. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the
client for abdominal cramping, rumbling bowel sounds, and diarrhea as adverse
effects of this medication.
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who had a cardiac catheterization via the
right femoral artery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent
postprocedure complications? (Select all)
A) Monitor the insertion site for bleeding
B) Position the affected extremity at a 45 degree angle
C) Restrict the client's fluid intake
D) Maintain the pressure dressing
E) Check the client's peripheral pulses - ✔✔A) Monitor the insertion site for bleeding
The nurse should monitor the client's insertion site for manifestations of
hemorrhaging.
D) Maintain the pressure dressing.
The nurse should maintain the client's pressure dressing to prevent hemorrhaging
and allow for the cannulation site to heal.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,E) Check the client's peripheral pulses.
The nurse should assess the client's peripheral pulses to help identify signs of
arterial occlusion.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) and is dyspneic. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse include in the plan?
A) Encourage abdominal breathing
B) Direct the client to inhale with pursed lips
C) Set the oxygen therapy at 5L/min
D) Instruct the client to lean back while coughing - ✔✔A) Encourage abdominal
breathing
The nurse should encourage abdominal breathing, which reduces the workload on
the accessory muscles of respiration during dyspneic episodes.
A nurse is preparing to administer phytonadione 7 mg subcutaneously to a client
who has an INR of 4. Available is phytonadione 10 mg/mL. How many mL should
the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero is it
applies. Do not use a trailing zero. - ✔✔7mg/10 mg *1mL= 0.7 mL
A nurse is examining a client's IV site and notes a red line up his arm. The client
reports a throbbing, burning pain at the IV site. The nurse should identify that the
client's manifestations indicate which of the following complications of IV therapy?
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, A) Thrombophlebitis
B) Infiltration
C) Hematoma
D) Venous spasms - ✔✔A) Thrombophlebitis
The nurse should identify pain, warmth, and a red streak up the arm as indications
of thrombophlebitis.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about management of constipation with a client who
has hypothyroidism. Which of the following should the nurse include in the
teaching?
A) Increase intake of fiber-rich foods
B) Take a laxative every morning
C) Maintain a fluid intake of 1200 mL per day
D) Limit activity to preserve energy - ✔✔A) Increase intake of fiber-rich foods
The nurse should instruct the client to increase the amount of fiber-rich foods in his
diet. Dried beans and brown rice are examples of fiber-rich foods.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a compound fracture of the femur and was
placed in balanced suspension skeletal traction 4 days ago. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A) Perform pin site care daily
B) Remove the overbed trapeze
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY SOPHIA BENNETT, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
