,Critical Thinking Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Judgment 7th Edition A
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
Practical Approach Test Bank c f c f c f c f c f
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c Multiple Choice
f cf
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of
c f cf cf cf c f c f c f cf c f c f
critical thinking
c f have in common? Critical thinkingcf cf cf cf cf
1)
Requires reasoned thought cf cf
2)
cf
Asks the questions why? or
cf cf cf cf
how?
cf
3)
Is a hierarchical process
cf cf cf
4)
cf
Demands specialized thinking skills cf cf cf
ANS: 1
cf cf
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-1
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical
f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f
c thinking is neither linear nor hierarchical. That means that the steps
f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f
involved in critical thinking are not necessarily sequential, where mastery of
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f
c one step is necessary to proceed to the next.
f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
Critical thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes to
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
reasoned decisions and sound contextual judgments.
c f cf cf cf cf
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c f manager that the process for documenting care on the unit be changed. c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c f They have described a completely new system.
c f Why is it important c f c f cf cf cf c f c f c f
c f for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? It will help
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c f the manager to c f c f
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and cf cf cf cf cf
disadvantages 2)
cf cf
Maintain an open mind about the cf cf cf cf cf
proposed change 3)
cf cf cf
Apply the nursing process to the cf cf cf cf cf
situation 4)
cf cf
Make a decision based on past experience with documentation
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
ANS: 2
c f cf
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c open mind. PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE |
f c f cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
Cognitive level: Comprehension
cf cf c f
, The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical carecf 3. c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c of a newly admitted patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse
f c f c f cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
uses the nursing process. Which step would the nurse probably do first?
cf cf cf cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
1)
Assessment
2)
cf
Diagnosis
3)
cf
Plan outcomes cf
4)
cf
Plan interventions cf
ANS: 1
cf cf
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing diagnosis c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
is derived from the data gathered during assessment, outcomes from the
c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c diagnosis, and interventions from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
f c f cf c f c f cf cf
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
4. Which of the following is an example ofcf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c ftheoretical knowledge? 1) cf cf
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfpatient. 2) cf
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
cf cf cf cf cf cf
cf21%. 3) cf
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibrated cf cf cf cf cf
daily. 4)
cf cf
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the radial
cf cf cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf
c pulse. ANS: 2
f cf cf
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories. The
cf cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c foxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c are examples of practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge?
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
(Assume all are true.) 1)
c f c f cf c f cf
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c the heart. 2)
f c f cf
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in
cf c f c f cf cf cf c f
cf type 1 diabetes. 3) cf cf cf
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfpalpating. 4) cf
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by other
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c routes. ANS: 3
f cf cf
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it,
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c such as how to do an assessment. The others are examples of
f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
theoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid valve),
c f fact (type 1 diabetes),
c f c f cf cf c f c f c f
c and research (IV pain medication).
f c f c f c f c f
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c nurse thinks, I know that I 1)
f c f c f cf cf cf cf
Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c digoxin 2)
f cf
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not
c f cf c f c f c f c f c f cf c f
what I would
c f want 3)
cf cf cf
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of
c f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f
some clients 4)
c f cf cf
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f
c with the family ANS: 3
f c f cf cf cf
Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c fTaking the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following
cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c client wishes and honoring client requests are examples of ethical
f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c fknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
question, answer not stated verbatim
c f cf cf cf cf
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c nurses to be critical thinkers? 1)
f c f c f cf cf cf
Nurses need to follow policies and
cf cf cf cf cf
procedures. 2)
cf cf
Nurses work with other healthcare team
cf cf cf cf cf
members. 3)
cf cf
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfproblems. 4) cf
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfschedules. ANS: 3 cf cf
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c care is complex, involving numerous health issues. Following policies and
f c f c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
procedures does not necessarily require critical thinking, and working with
cf cf cf cf c f c f c f c f c f c f
c others or being flexible and working different schedules do not
f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
necessarily require critical thinking.
c f c f c f c f
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
example of which aspect of patient care?
c f c f cf c f cf cf cf
1)
Assessment data cf
2)
cf
Nursing diagnosis c f
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
Practical Approach Test Bank c f c f c f c f c f
Chapter 1. What are Critical Thinking, Clinical Reasoning, and Clinical Judgment?
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c Multiple Choice
f cf
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
1. Which of the following characteristics do the various definitions of
c f cf cf cf c f c f c f cf c f c f
critical thinking
c f have in common? Critical thinkingcf cf cf cf cf
1)
Requires reasoned thought cf cf
2)
cf
Asks the questions why? or
cf cf cf cf
how?
cf
3)
Is a hierarchical process
cf cf cf
4)
cf
Demands specialized thinking skills cf cf cf
ANS: 1
cf cf
The definitions listed in the text as well as definitions in Box 2-1
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c state that critical thinking requires reasoning or reasoned thinking. Critical
f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f
c thinking is neither linear nor hierarchical. That means that the steps
f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f
involved in critical thinking are not necessarily sequential, where mastery of
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f
c one step is necessary to proceed to the next.
f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
Critical thinking is a purposeful, dynamic, analytic process that contributes to
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
reasoned decisions and sound contextual judgments.
c f cf cf cf cf
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Analysis
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
2. A few nurses on a unit have proposed to the nurse
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c f manager that the process for documenting care on the unit be changed. c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c f They have described a completely new system.
c f Why is it important c f c f cf cf cf c f c f c f
c f for the nurse manager to have a critical attitude? It will help
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c f the manager to c f c f
1)
Consider all the possible advantages and cf cf cf cf cf
disadvantages 2)
cf cf
Maintain an open mind about the cf cf cf cf cf
proposed change 3)
cf cf cf
Apply the nursing process to the cf cf cf cf cf
situation 4)
cf cf
Make a decision based on past experience with documentation
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
ANS: 2
c f cf
A critical attitude enables the person to think fairly and keep an
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c open mind. PTS:1DIF:ModerateKEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE |
f c f cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
Cognitive level: Comprehension
cf cf c f
, The nurse has just been assigned to the clinical carecf 3. c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c of a newly admitted patient. To know how to best care for the patient, the nurse
f c f c f cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
uses the nursing process. Which step would the nurse probably do first?
cf cf cf cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
1)
Assessment
2)
cf
Diagnosis
3)
cf
Plan outcomes cf
4)
cf
Plan interventions cf
ANS: 1
cf cf
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. The nursing diagnosis c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
is derived from the data gathered during assessment, outcomes from the
c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c diagnosis, and interventions from the outcomes. PTS:1DIF:Easy
f c f cf c f c f cf cf
KEY: Nursing process: Assessment | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
4. Which of the following is an example ofcf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c ftheoretical knowledge? 1) cf cf
A nurse uses sterile technique to catheterize a
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfpatient. 2) cf
Room air has an oxygen concentration of
cf cf cf cf cf cf
cf21%. 3) cf
Glucose monitoring machines should be calibrated cf cf cf cf cf
daily. 4)
cf cf
An irregular apical heart rate should be compared with the radial
cf cf cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf
c pulse. ANS: 2
f cf cf
Theoretical knowledge consists of research findings, facts, principles, and theories. The
cf cf c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c foxygen concentration of room air is a scientific fact. The others c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c are examples of practical knowledgewhat to do and how to do it.
f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
5. Which of the following is an example of practical knowledge?
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
(Assume all are true.) 1)
c f c f cf c f cf
The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and ventricle of
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c the heart. 2)
f c f cf
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin in
cf c f c f cf cf cf c f
cf type 1 diabetes. 3) cf cf cf
When assessing the abdomen, you should auscultate before
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfpalpating. 4) cf
Research shows pain medication given intravenously acts faster than by other
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c routes. ANS: 3
f cf cf
, Practical knowledge is knowing what to do and how to do it,
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c such as how to do an assessment. The others are examples of
f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
theoretical knowledge, anatomy (tricuspid valve),
c f fact (type 1 diabetes),
c f c f cf cf c f c f c f
c and research (IV pain medication).
f c f c f c f c f
PTS:1DIF:Moderate high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
6. Which of the following is an example of self-knowledge? The
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c nurse thinks, I know that I 1)
f c f c f cf cf cf cf
Should take the clients apical pulse for 1 minute before giving
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
c digoxin 2)
f cf
Should follow the clients wishes even though it is not
c f cf c f c f c f c f c f cf c f
what I would
c f want 3)
cf cf cf
Have religious beliefs that may make it difficult to take care of
c f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f c f c f
some clients 4)
c f cf cf
Need to honor the clients request not to discuss his health concern
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f cf c f c f c f
c with the family ANS: 3
f c f cf cf cf
Self-knowledge is being aware of your religious and cultural beliefs and values. c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c fTaking the pulse is an example of practical knowledge. Following
cf c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c client wishes and honoring client requests are examples of ethical
f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c fknowledge.
PTS:1DIFifficult; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim | V1, high-level cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
question, answer not stated verbatim
c f cf cf cf cf
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
7. Which of the following is the most important reason for
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c nurses to be critical thinkers? 1)
f c f c f cf cf cf
Nurses need to follow policies and
cf cf cf cf cf
procedures. 2)
cf cf
Nurses work with other healthcare team
cf cf cf cf cf
members. 3)
cf cf
Nurses care for clients who have multiple health
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfproblems. 4) cf
Nurses have to be flexible and work variable
cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
cfschedules. ANS: 3 cf cf
Critical thinking is essential for client care, particularly when the
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
c care is complex, involving numerous health issues. Following policies and
f c f c f cf cf cf cf cf cf cf
procedures does not necessarily require critical thinking, and working with
cf cf cf cf c f c f c f c f c f c f
c others or being flexible and working different schedules do not
f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
necessarily require critical thinking.
c f c f c f c f
PTS:1DIF:Moderate; high-level question, answer not stated verbatim c f c f c f c f c f c f
KEY: Nursing process: N/A | Client need: SECE | Cognitive level: Application
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
8. The nurse administering pain medication every 4 hours is an
c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f c f
example of which aspect of patient care?
c f c f cf c f cf cf cf
1)
Assessment data cf
2)
cf
Nursing diagnosis c f
