Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
1. A 70-year-old woman was brought to an urgent care facility complaining, \"I am weak and have been running off my bowels for 3 weeks.\" The onsite clinical laboratory provided the following electrolyte values. The normal values are in (parenthesis). Sodium = 142 mEq/L (136-145mEq/L). Potassium = 2.1 mEq/L (3.5-5.0mEq/L). Chloride = 94 mEq/L (95-105mEq/L). Carbon dioxide = 30 mEq/L (28-32 mEq/L). A. What electrolyte levels are abnormal? B. Is there a medical emergency? C. If so, what is it? D. What treatment should be done?
Answer: ANSWER: A. Potassium and chloride levels are low. B. An emergency exists. C. Low potassium levels can cause cardiac arrhythmia. D. The patient should be admitted to the hospital for IV fluids and monitoring of blood pressure, pulse, and cardiac function.
2.
72. While caring for a person with Klinefelter syndrome the nurse checks the genetic report and will find which of the following genetic abnormalities?
Answer: - XXY
3.
68. Which of the following statements by the nurse is an accurate characteristic of an autosomal recessive pedigree?
Answer: - ON average 25% of the children are affected by the autosomal recessive disease if both parents are carriers.
4.
59. Which of the following conditions are known causes of hypokalemia?
Answer: - Diuresis, Diarrhea, and Insulin administration.
5.
49. What is jaundice?
Answer: - A medical condition with yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, arising from excess of the pigment bilirubin and typically cause by obstruction of the bile duct, by liver disease, or by excessive breakdown of red blood cells.
6.
47. What is autophagy?
Answer: - A normal physiological process in the body that deals with destruction of cells in the body.
7.
32. A patient has a genetic disease that manifests with progressive dementia in middle to later adulthood. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart?
Answer: - Huntington disease
8.
24. Inflammatory and immunologic injures are caused by:
Answer: - Phagocytic cells, chemicals released by immune and inflammatory cells, and antibodies.
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