ARRT Test Prep, LIMITED X-RAY CORE
.1 Rem = ? Seivert - ANS-1 Sievert
# of grid lines according to inch or centimeter defines? - ANS-Grid Frequency
0.1 Gray = ? Rad - ANS-10 Rad
1 Gray = ? Rad - ANS-one hundred Rad
15% RULE - ANS-TO DECREASE CONTRAST INCREASE KVP BY 15% AND HALF THE
MAS. TO INCREASE CONTRAST DECREASE CONTRAST BY 15% AND DOUBLE THE
MAS.
Three MANUAL EXPOSURE FACTORS THAT EVERY X-RAY MACHINE HAS - ANS-MA,
KVP, EXPOSURE TIME ( SECONDS)
A commonplace organization of medicine which might be used to sell defecation are
termed? - ANS-cathartics
A lower in blood depend is the earliest response seen to dose radiation. It can occur at
dosease as low as? - ANS-25 Rads or .25 Gray
A geometric feature of a computerized image is known as? - ANS-Spacial decision
A patient develops hives numerous mins after a radiologic contrast agent has been
administered. Which kind of drug can also the affected person take delivery of to counteract
the response? - ANS-Antihistamine
Benadryle
Claritan
Sudafed
Zyrtec
A radiologist calls for 60 percent more than the everyday 50 cc dose of radiographic
comparison media for use for a urologic method. The cc's to be organized is - ANS-80 cc's
A RT Lateral Decub is taken of a patient with the grid located in the back of the patient. This
is an instance of a ...? - ANS-AP Projection
About what number of radiographic density is because of light emitted by using an
intensifying display screen phosphor? - ANS-95-ninety eight%
ACCEPTABLE RANGE OF EXPOSURE: - ANS-IF EXPOSURE INDICATOR VALUE IS
WITHIN ACCEPTABLE RANGE, ADJUSTMENTS CAN BE MADE FOR CONTRAST AND
,BRIGHTNESS WITH POST PROCESSING FUNCTIONS. IF THE EXPOSURE IS OUTSIDE
THE ACCEPTABLE RANGE, ATTEMPTING TO ADJUST THE IMAGE MAY RESULT IN A
NOISY SUBOPTIMAL IMAGE.
According to Bushong, tabletop depth should NOT exceed what? - ANS-2.1 mR in keeping
with min for every mA running at 80 kVp.
According to pleasant warranty applications, how frequently have to the chemical
compounds be modifications in an automatic processor? - ANS-Once a month
ACUTE DISEASE: - ANS-CHARACTERIZED BY A SUDDEN ONSET, SEVERE AND HAVE
A SHORT DURATION.
ACUTE TO CHRONIC: - ANS-MAY START OUT ACUTE BUT DEVELOP INTO A CHRONIC
DISEASE.
ADDED FILTRATION: - ANS-ALUMINUM, SHEETS PLACED BETWEEN PORT AND
COLLIMATOR.
Adding two tsp of salt in keeping with liter of water used in an enema coaching may
additionally save you? - ANS-Hypervolemia
AIRGAP TECHNIQUE - ANS-INCREASED OID DECREASES SCATTER INTENSITY ON
FILM.
ALARA: - ANS-DONT BE COMPLACENT BC DOSE LIMIT IS LOW, ALWAYS KEEP LOW
AS POSSIBLE
An older x-ray tube that has evaporated tungsten deposited on the tube window may
additionally cause one or extra of the following problems. - ANS-Decreased tube output
Arcing of the tube
Anatomic organ used for phonation is known as the? - ANS-Larynx
ANGLE OF THE TUBE, PART, OR RECEPTOR: - ANS-WILL CAUSE SHAPE
DISTORTION. THERE WILL ALSO BE EDGE DISTORTION.
-FORESHORTENING: SHORTENED, WHEN THE BODY PART IS ANGLED.
-ELONGATION: LONGER, WHEN IR OR X-RAY TUBE IS NOT CORRECTLY ALIGNED
WITH THE CHART.
ANODE HEEL EFFECT: - ANS-GREATER RADIATION INTENSITY TOWARD THE
CATHODE END OF THE FIELD. WHEN YOU SHOOT AN X-RAY PLACE THE THINNER
SIDE TOWARD THE ANDODE. ONE END OF THE X-RAY WILL BE LIGHTER (THE
ANODE SIDE)
Anterior curvature of the vertebral column is known as? - ANS-Lordosis
Convexed
Ex:
,Lumbar
C-Spine
APERATURE DIAPHRAM - ANS-SIMPLE, SHEET OF LEAD WITH HOLE IN THE CENTER
THAT DETERMINES THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF THE BEAM AND ATTACHES DIRECTLY
TO THE X-RAY TUBE.
Appearance of grid lines on radiograph with the desk Bucky in use suggests? -
ANS-Exposure time too short
ARS (ACURE RADIATION SYNDROME) - ANS-4 STAGES three TYPES.
STAGES:
1) INITIAL: forty eight HOURS AFTER EXPOSURE. NASUEA, FATUGUE, LOSS OF
APPETITE.
2)LATENT: LAST ABOUT 1 WEEK, EARLY SYMPTOMS DISAPPEAR, FEELS BETTER.
3)MANIFEST: FEVER, INFECTION, DIARRHEA, DEATH MAY FOLLOW.
Four)RECOVERY: IF DOSE NOT LETHAL, RECOVERY BEGINS. MAY TAKE MANY
WEEKS.
TYPES:
1)CNS: VERY LARGE DOSE, DEATH OCCURS AFTER EXPOSURE(FEW HOURS),
BREAKS DOWN NEURO+CARDIO SYSTEMS.
2)GASTROINTESTINAL(GI): DOSE ABOVE 600REMS, DEATH WITHIN 15-30 DAYS,
DESTRUCTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL LINING.
3)HEMATOPOIETIC: AKA BONE MARROW SYNDROME, DEATH MAY OCCUR FROM
DAMAGE TO BLOOD FORMING ORGANS.
As the field size is expanded with all other elements final steady, the dimensions of
assessment will? - ANS-Be lengthened
ATOMIC NUMBER - ANS-# INCREASES, ABSORPTION INCREASES. (BONE ABSORBS
MORE THAN SOFT TISSUE) DUE TO HIGHER ELECTRONS.
ATTENUATION: - ANS-ABSORPTION OF X-RAY PHOTONS
AUTOMATIC RESCALING - ANS-IMAGES ARE PRODUCED WITH UNIFORM DENSITY
AND CONTRAST REGARDLESS OF THE AMOUNT OF EXPOSURE. PROBLEMS
OCCUR WITH RESCALING WHEN TOO LITTLE EXPOSURE IS USED, RESULTING IN
QUANTUM MOTTLE, OR WHEN TOO MUCH EXPOSURE IS USED, RESULTING IN LOSS
OF CONTRAST AND LOSS OF DISTINCT EDGES BECAUSE THERE IS INCREASED
SCATTER PRODUCTION.
BASIC METHODS OF PROTECTION - ANS-TIME: LIMIT TIME SPENT IN RADIATION
FIELD.
SHIELDING: LEAD WALL IN CONTROL BOOTH; APRONS, GLOVES, AND THYROID
SHIELDS
DISTANCE: INCREASE DISTANCE BETWEEN YOU AND RADIATION SOURCE.
Beam restricting devices will? (three) - ANS-Improve picture exceptional
, Reduce patient dose
Reduce scatter radiation
BEAM RESTRICTION: - ANS-*SMALL LIGHT FIELD = LESS FOG*
-CONED DOWN IMAGE: A SMALL AREA CENTERED TO CLINICAL INTEREST.
-DECREASING COLLIMATION WILL DECREASE TISSUE RADIATION, DECREASES
SCATTER, AND INCREASES CONTRAST.
BEAM RESTRICTION: - ANS-FEWER PRIMARY PHOTONS ARE EMITTED FROM THE
TUBE AND COLLIMATOR, WHICH = A DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF PRIMARY
PHOTNS WHICH = A DECREASE IN A DOSE TO THE PATIENT.
-BEAM RESTRICTION = INCREASED KVP = DECREASED CONTRAST.
BERGONIE-TRIBONDEAU LAW - ANS-1. MORE CELL DIVISION
2. HIGHER OXYGEN
three. LESS DIFFERENTIATED (NO SPECIFIC PURPOSE)
BIT DEPTH - ANS-CONTROLS CONTRAST RESOLUTION/SCALE AND CONTROLS
GRAYSCALE.
-THE NUMBER OF BITS PER PIXEL THAT DEFINES THE SHADE OF EACH PIXEL: THE
HIGHER THE NUMBER THE DARKER THE SHADE OF GRAY
BONE MARROW: - ANS-RESULT IN DISRUPTION OF BLOOD FORMING SYSTEMS.
CARCINOGENESIS - ANS-INCREASED RISK OF MALIGNANT DISEASE,
PARTICULARLY CANCER OF THE SKIN, THYROID, BREAST, AND LEUKEMIA.
CASSETTE WITH FILM: - ANS-A DEVICE THAT CONTAINS INTENSIFYING SCREENS
THAT GLOW WHEN STRUCK BY X-RAYS AND IMPRINTS THE IMAGE ON FILM. DARK
ROOM IS REQUIRED TO PROCESS FILM, THE FILM IS VIEWED ON AN ILLUMINATOR.
Cataractogenesis happens after acute or chronic exposures of how many Rads? - ANS-2
hundred Rads, 2 Gray
CENTRAL RAY ALIGNMENT TESTING: - ANS-TESTING USING A COLLIMATOR
TEMPLATE AND A BLEAM ALIGNMENT CYLINDER. THE X-RAY LIGHT FIELD MUST BE
WITHIN +/- 2% OF THE SID. THE X-RAY BEAM MUST BE 1% PERPENDICULAR.
CHEMICAL FOG - ANS-AN INCREASE IN OVERALL DENSITY WHEN FILM COMES IN
CONTACT WITH CHEMICALS OR CHEMICAL FUMES.
CHRONIC DISEASE: - ANS-LONG DURATION. MAY EXIST CONSTANTLY, OR FLARE UP
AT TIMES.
COHERENT (CLASSICAL) SCATTER - ANS-LOW ENERGY X-RAYS HIT AN ATOM AND
"EXCITE" IT CAUSING THE RELEASE OF ENERGY. HOWEVER, THE ENERGY WHILE IT
IS STRONG ENOUGH TO RELEASE THE ENERGY IN THE FORM OF A PHOTON IT
.1 Rem = ? Seivert - ANS-1 Sievert
# of grid lines according to inch or centimeter defines? - ANS-Grid Frequency
0.1 Gray = ? Rad - ANS-10 Rad
1 Gray = ? Rad - ANS-one hundred Rad
15% RULE - ANS-TO DECREASE CONTRAST INCREASE KVP BY 15% AND HALF THE
MAS. TO INCREASE CONTRAST DECREASE CONTRAST BY 15% AND DOUBLE THE
MAS.
Three MANUAL EXPOSURE FACTORS THAT EVERY X-RAY MACHINE HAS - ANS-MA,
KVP, EXPOSURE TIME ( SECONDS)
A commonplace organization of medicine which might be used to sell defecation are
termed? - ANS-cathartics
A lower in blood depend is the earliest response seen to dose radiation. It can occur at
dosease as low as? - ANS-25 Rads or .25 Gray
A geometric feature of a computerized image is known as? - ANS-Spacial decision
A patient develops hives numerous mins after a radiologic contrast agent has been
administered. Which kind of drug can also the affected person take delivery of to counteract
the response? - ANS-Antihistamine
Benadryle
Claritan
Sudafed
Zyrtec
A radiologist calls for 60 percent more than the everyday 50 cc dose of radiographic
comparison media for use for a urologic method. The cc's to be organized is - ANS-80 cc's
A RT Lateral Decub is taken of a patient with the grid located in the back of the patient. This
is an instance of a ...? - ANS-AP Projection
About what number of radiographic density is because of light emitted by using an
intensifying display screen phosphor? - ANS-95-ninety eight%
ACCEPTABLE RANGE OF EXPOSURE: - ANS-IF EXPOSURE INDICATOR VALUE IS
WITHIN ACCEPTABLE RANGE, ADJUSTMENTS CAN BE MADE FOR CONTRAST AND
,BRIGHTNESS WITH POST PROCESSING FUNCTIONS. IF THE EXPOSURE IS OUTSIDE
THE ACCEPTABLE RANGE, ATTEMPTING TO ADJUST THE IMAGE MAY RESULT IN A
NOISY SUBOPTIMAL IMAGE.
According to Bushong, tabletop depth should NOT exceed what? - ANS-2.1 mR in keeping
with min for every mA running at 80 kVp.
According to pleasant warranty applications, how frequently have to the chemical
compounds be modifications in an automatic processor? - ANS-Once a month
ACUTE DISEASE: - ANS-CHARACTERIZED BY A SUDDEN ONSET, SEVERE AND HAVE
A SHORT DURATION.
ACUTE TO CHRONIC: - ANS-MAY START OUT ACUTE BUT DEVELOP INTO A CHRONIC
DISEASE.
ADDED FILTRATION: - ANS-ALUMINUM, SHEETS PLACED BETWEEN PORT AND
COLLIMATOR.
Adding two tsp of salt in keeping with liter of water used in an enema coaching may
additionally save you? - ANS-Hypervolemia
AIRGAP TECHNIQUE - ANS-INCREASED OID DECREASES SCATTER INTENSITY ON
FILM.
ALARA: - ANS-DONT BE COMPLACENT BC DOSE LIMIT IS LOW, ALWAYS KEEP LOW
AS POSSIBLE
An older x-ray tube that has evaporated tungsten deposited on the tube window may
additionally cause one or extra of the following problems. - ANS-Decreased tube output
Arcing of the tube
Anatomic organ used for phonation is known as the? - ANS-Larynx
ANGLE OF THE TUBE, PART, OR RECEPTOR: - ANS-WILL CAUSE SHAPE
DISTORTION. THERE WILL ALSO BE EDGE DISTORTION.
-FORESHORTENING: SHORTENED, WHEN THE BODY PART IS ANGLED.
-ELONGATION: LONGER, WHEN IR OR X-RAY TUBE IS NOT CORRECTLY ALIGNED
WITH THE CHART.
ANODE HEEL EFFECT: - ANS-GREATER RADIATION INTENSITY TOWARD THE
CATHODE END OF THE FIELD. WHEN YOU SHOOT AN X-RAY PLACE THE THINNER
SIDE TOWARD THE ANDODE. ONE END OF THE X-RAY WILL BE LIGHTER (THE
ANODE SIDE)
Anterior curvature of the vertebral column is known as? - ANS-Lordosis
Convexed
Ex:
,Lumbar
C-Spine
APERATURE DIAPHRAM - ANS-SIMPLE, SHEET OF LEAD WITH HOLE IN THE CENTER
THAT DETERMINES THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF THE BEAM AND ATTACHES DIRECTLY
TO THE X-RAY TUBE.
Appearance of grid lines on radiograph with the desk Bucky in use suggests? -
ANS-Exposure time too short
ARS (ACURE RADIATION SYNDROME) - ANS-4 STAGES three TYPES.
STAGES:
1) INITIAL: forty eight HOURS AFTER EXPOSURE. NASUEA, FATUGUE, LOSS OF
APPETITE.
2)LATENT: LAST ABOUT 1 WEEK, EARLY SYMPTOMS DISAPPEAR, FEELS BETTER.
3)MANIFEST: FEVER, INFECTION, DIARRHEA, DEATH MAY FOLLOW.
Four)RECOVERY: IF DOSE NOT LETHAL, RECOVERY BEGINS. MAY TAKE MANY
WEEKS.
TYPES:
1)CNS: VERY LARGE DOSE, DEATH OCCURS AFTER EXPOSURE(FEW HOURS),
BREAKS DOWN NEURO+CARDIO SYSTEMS.
2)GASTROINTESTINAL(GI): DOSE ABOVE 600REMS, DEATH WITHIN 15-30 DAYS,
DESTRUCTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL LINING.
3)HEMATOPOIETIC: AKA BONE MARROW SYNDROME, DEATH MAY OCCUR FROM
DAMAGE TO BLOOD FORMING ORGANS.
As the field size is expanded with all other elements final steady, the dimensions of
assessment will? - ANS-Be lengthened
ATOMIC NUMBER - ANS-# INCREASES, ABSORPTION INCREASES. (BONE ABSORBS
MORE THAN SOFT TISSUE) DUE TO HIGHER ELECTRONS.
ATTENUATION: - ANS-ABSORPTION OF X-RAY PHOTONS
AUTOMATIC RESCALING - ANS-IMAGES ARE PRODUCED WITH UNIFORM DENSITY
AND CONTRAST REGARDLESS OF THE AMOUNT OF EXPOSURE. PROBLEMS
OCCUR WITH RESCALING WHEN TOO LITTLE EXPOSURE IS USED, RESULTING IN
QUANTUM MOTTLE, OR WHEN TOO MUCH EXPOSURE IS USED, RESULTING IN LOSS
OF CONTRAST AND LOSS OF DISTINCT EDGES BECAUSE THERE IS INCREASED
SCATTER PRODUCTION.
BASIC METHODS OF PROTECTION - ANS-TIME: LIMIT TIME SPENT IN RADIATION
FIELD.
SHIELDING: LEAD WALL IN CONTROL BOOTH; APRONS, GLOVES, AND THYROID
SHIELDS
DISTANCE: INCREASE DISTANCE BETWEEN YOU AND RADIATION SOURCE.
Beam restricting devices will? (three) - ANS-Improve picture exceptional
, Reduce patient dose
Reduce scatter radiation
BEAM RESTRICTION: - ANS-*SMALL LIGHT FIELD = LESS FOG*
-CONED DOWN IMAGE: A SMALL AREA CENTERED TO CLINICAL INTEREST.
-DECREASING COLLIMATION WILL DECREASE TISSUE RADIATION, DECREASES
SCATTER, AND INCREASES CONTRAST.
BEAM RESTRICTION: - ANS-FEWER PRIMARY PHOTONS ARE EMITTED FROM THE
TUBE AND COLLIMATOR, WHICH = A DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF PRIMARY
PHOTNS WHICH = A DECREASE IN A DOSE TO THE PATIENT.
-BEAM RESTRICTION = INCREASED KVP = DECREASED CONTRAST.
BERGONIE-TRIBONDEAU LAW - ANS-1. MORE CELL DIVISION
2. HIGHER OXYGEN
three. LESS DIFFERENTIATED (NO SPECIFIC PURPOSE)
BIT DEPTH - ANS-CONTROLS CONTRAST RESOLUTION/SCALE AND CONTROLS
GRAYSCALE.
-THE NUMBER OF BITS PER PIXEL THAT DEFINES THE SHADE OF EACH PIXEL: THE
HIGHER THE NUMBER THE DARKER THE SHADE OF GRAY
BONE MARROW: - ANS-RESULT IN DISRUPTION OF BLOOD FORMING SYSTEMS.
CARCINOGENESIS - ANS-INCREASED RISK OF MALIGNANT DISEASE,
PARTICULARLY CANCER OF THE SKIN, THYROID, BREAST, AND LEUKEMIA.
CASSETTE WITH FILM: - ANS-A DEVICE THAT CONTAINS INTENSIFYING SCREENS
THAT GLOW WHEN STRUCK BY X-RAYS AND IMPRINTS THE IMAGE ON FILM. DARK
ROOM IS REQUIRED TO PROCESS FILM, THE FILM IS VIEWED ON AN ILLUMINATOR.
Cataractogenesis happens after acute or chronic exposures of how many Rads? - ANS-2
hundred Rads, 2 Gray
CENTRAL RAY ALIGNMENT TESTING: - ANS-TESTING USING A COLLIMATOR
TEMPLATE AND A BLEAM ALIGNMENT CYLINDER. THE X-RAY LIGHT FIELD MUST BE
WITHIN +/- 2% OF THE SID. THE X-RAY BEAM MUST BE 1% PERPENDICULAR.
CHEMICAL FOG - ANS-AN INCREASE IN OVERALL DENSITY WHEN FILM COMES IN
CONTACT WITH CHEMICALS OR CHEMICAL FUMES.
CHRONIC DISEASE: - ANS-LONG DURATION. MAY EXIST CONSTANTLY, OR FLARE UP
AT TIMES.
COHERENT (CLASSICAL) SCATTER - ANS-LOW ENERGY X-RAYS HIT AN ATOM AND
"EXCITE" IT CAUSING THE RELEASE OF ENERGY. HOWEVER, THE ENERGY WHILE IT
IS STRONG ENOUGH TO RELEASE THE ENERGY IN THE FORM OF A PHOTON IT
