1-
Chapterf#1: f#An f#Invisible World
Q,
* f# =Correct a nswer
Q,
f# Multiple f#Choice
1. Whichf#of f#thef#following f#is f#true f#of f#the f#microbialf#world?
A. All f#microbesf#are f#harmful.
B. Humansf#could f#survive f#without f#microbes.
C. Manyf#microbes f#are f#helpful.*
D. Most f#microbes f#are f#pathogenic.
Difficulty: f#Easy
ASMf#Standard:f#23,f#24
2. Whichf#off#thef#followingf#is f#whenf#humansf#firstf#suspected f#theexistencef#of f#microbes?
A. duringf#thef#Industrial f#Revolution
B. inf#prehistoric f#times*
C. in f#the f#last f#century
D. withinf#the f#lastf#500 f#years
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:23
3. Whichf#individualf#firstf#observedf#unicellularf#organisms,f#whichf#hef#called
f#“animalcules,” f#using f#a f#microscope f#he f#developed?
A. Robert f#Koch
B. Louis f#Pasteur
C. Thucydides
D. Antonie f#van f#Leeuwenhoek*
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:6
4. To f#reduce f#the f#risk f#of f#open flame from f#Bunsen f#burners,microbiologists
Q,
f#are f#increasingly f#using f#which f#of f#the f#following f#devices f#for f#easy, f#rapid
f#benchtop f#sterilization f#of f#small f#pieces f#of f#equipment?
A. autoclaves
B. ethylene f#oxide
C. incubators
D. microincinerators*
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:36
,5. Thef#Swedishf#botanist knownf#forf#havingf#developedf#anf#important biological
Q, Q,
f# classification f#system f#is f#which f#of f#the f#following f#people?
A. Ernst f#Haeckel
B. Carolus f#Linnaeus*
C. Louis f#Pasteur
D. Robertf#Whittaker
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
6. Whichf#kingdom f#was f#the f#onlyf#onef#found f#in f#Empire f#Prokaryota?
A. Animalia
B. Fungi
C. Monera*
D. Protista
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
7. Whichf#aref#the f#three f#currentlyf#accepted f#domains?
A. Archaea,f#Bacteria, f#andf#Eukarya*
B. Archaea,f#Prokaryota,f#andf#Eukaryota
C. Bacteria,f#Fungi, f#and f#Protista
D. Bacteria,Prokaryota,f#andf#Eukarya
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
8. Whichf#two f#taxonomicf#unitsf#aref#typicallyf#usedf#tof#identifyf#anf#organism f#when f#using
f#binomial f#nomenclature?
A. domainf#andf#kingdom
B. genus f#andf#family
C. genusf#and f#species*
D. phylum f#and f#class
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
9. Whichf#of f#thef#following f#is f#notf#true f#about the f#process f#of f#fermentation?
Q,
A. It f#canf#help f#preserve f#foods,f#preventing f#spoilage.
B. Itf#converts f#sugars f#tof#organic f#acids, f#alcohols, f#and/or f#gases f#such f#as f#carbon f#dioxide.
C. Itf#is f#carriedf#out exclusively f#by f#unicellular f#eukaryotes f#suchf#as f#yeast.*
Q,
D. It f#isf#used f#to f#makef#foods f#such f#as f#cheesef#and f#bread.
Difficulty: f#Moderate
ASMf#Standard: f#11,f#23,f#26
,10. Thef#Romansf#mayf#have f#reducedf#theirf#risk f#off#waterborne f#infectiousdiseasesf#byf#using
f#which f#of f#the f#following?
A. a f#varietyf#off#pharmaceutical f#products
B. aqueducts f#and f#a f#sewer f#system*
C. prophylactic f#antibiotics
D. quarantinef#off#people f#with f#leprosy
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#23
11. For f#which f#of f#the f#following f#is f#Thucydides f#known?
A. developing f#aneffective f#sewer f#system f#in f#ancient Greece, f#helping f#to
Q,
f#reduce f#levels f#of f#disease f#in f#cities
B. observing f#microbes, f#using f#a f#microscope, f#forthe f#first f#time, f#even
f#distinguishing f#between f#bacteria f#and f#fungi
C. proposingf#thatf#disease f#was f#causedf#bymicroorganisms
D. realizing f#that f#people f#who f#had f#been f#infected f#byf#the f#Athenian
f#plaguef#had f#immunity f#to f#reinfection*
Difficulty: f#Moderate
f#ASMStandard:23,31
12. Ernstf#Haeckelf#proposedf#af#classificationf#system f#consistingf#off#whichf#off#the
f#following f#subgroups?
A. five f#kingdoms
B. four f#kingdoms*
C. two f#domains f#and f#three f#kingdoms
D. two f#domains f#andf#five f#kingdoms
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASMStandard:
f#N/A
13. Virusesf#not included f#in f#phylogenetic f#treesf#forf#which f#of f#thef#following f#reasons?
Q,
A. It f#is f#too f#difficult f#tof#observe f#theirf#characteristics.
B. They f#aref#acellular f#andf#nonliving.*
C. Theyf#do f#notf#have f#anygenes, f#whichf#preventsf#genetic f#analysis.
D. They f#lack f#a f#nucleus.
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#5
14. Whichf#isf#thef#bestf#description f#of f#the f#primary f#purpose f#off#a f#phylogeny?
A. Phylogenies f#show f#all f#the f#alterative f#namesf#forf#each f#species.
B. Phylogeniesf#show f#all f#the f#common f#names f#for f#each f#species.
C. Phylogenies f#showevolutionaryrelatedness between f#organisms.*
Q,
, D. Phylogeniesf#showf#interactions f#between f#species f#inf#a f#shared f#habitat.
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#5
15. Currentf#phylogeneticf#analysesf#include f#which f#of f#the f#following?
A. informationf#from f#a f#range f#of f#sources,f#including f#morphological, f#genetic,
f#and f#biochemical f#data*
B. informationf#on f#visible f#similarities f#only
C. information f#regardinghow f#to f#classify f#organisms f#on f#the f#basis f#of
f#external f#morphological f#characteristics f#and f#visible f#behaviors
D. variedf#morphologicalf#and f#structural f#characteristics, f#with f#preference f#for
f#leaving f#historical f#classifications f#to f#prevent f#confusion
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#5
16. Diatomsf#are f#classifiedf#within f#which f#of f#thef#following f#domains?
A. Archaea
B. Bacteria
C. Eukarya*
D. Prokaryota
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASMStandard:
f#N/A
17. Horizontalf#genef#transferf#involves f#whichf#of f#thef#following?
A. anyf#transferf#of f#genesf#in f#a f#laboratoryf#setting
B. the f#transferf#of f#genes f#from f#a f#virus f#to f#a f#bacterium f#or f#vice f#versa f#but
f#not f#any f#other f#form f#of f#gene f#transfer
C. the f#transferf#of f#genes f#from f#one f#individual f#tof#another, f#includingf#from
f#one f#species f#to f#another, f#but f#not f#from f#parent f#to f#offspring*
D. the f#transferf#of f#genes f#fromf#parent f#to f#offspring
Difficulty:f#Moderate
f#ASMStandard: f#2,
f#4
18. Bacteriaf#are f#generally f#identified f#to f#species f#byusing f#which f#of f#thef#following?
A. af#combinationf#of f#genetic, f#biochemical,f#andf#microscopic f#approaches*
B. a f#combinationf#off#microscopicf#and f#physiological f#approaches,f#butf#notf#genetics
C. primarilyf#characteristics f#suchf#as f#motilityf#thatf#can f#be f#visualized f#using f#microscopy
D. primarilymorphological f#characteristics f#of f#individual f#cells
Difficulty: f#Moderate
f#ASMStandard:34,36
Chapterf#1: f#An f#Invisible World
Q,
* f# =Correct a nswer
Q,
f# Multiple f#Choice
1. Whichf#of f#thef#following f#is f#true f#of f#the f#microbialf#world?
A. All f#microbesf#are f#harmful.
B. Humansf#could f#survive f#without f#microbes.
C. Manyf#microbes f#are f#helpful.*
D. Most f#microbes f#are f#pathogenic.
Difficulty: f#Easy
ASMf#Standard:f#23,f#24
2. Whichf#off#thef#followingf#is f#whenf#humansf#firstf#suspected f#theexistencef#of f#microbes?
A. duringf#thef#Industrial f#Revolution
B. inf#prehistoric f#times*
C. in f#the f#last f#century
D. withinf#the f#lastf#500 f#years
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:23
3. Whichf#individualf#firstf#observedf#unicellularf#organisms,f#whichf#hef#called
f#“animalcules,” f#using f#a f#microscope f#he f#developed?
A. Robert f#Koch
B. Louis f#Pasteur
C. Thucydides
D. Antonie f#van f#Leeuwenhoek*
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:6
4. To f#reduce f#the f#risk f#of f#open flame from f#Bunsen f#burners,microbiologists
Q,
f#are f#increasingly f#using f#which f#of f#the f#following f#devices f#for f#easy, f#rapid
f#benchtop f#sterilization f#of f#small f#pieces f#of f#equipment?
A. autoclaves
B. ethylene f#oxide
C. incubators
D. microincinerators*
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:36
,5. Thef#Swedishf#botanist knownf#forf#havingf#developedf#anf#important biological
Q, Q,
f# classification f#system f#is f#which f#of f#the f#following f#people?
A. Ernst f#Haeckel
B. Carolus f#Linnaeus*
C. Louis f#Pasteur
D. Robertf#Whittaker
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
6. Whichf#kingdom f#was f#the f#onlyf#onef#found f#in f#Empire f#Prokaryota?
A. Animalia
B. Fungi
C. Monera*
D. Protista
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
7. Whichf#aref#the f#three f#currentlyf#accepted f#domains?
A. Archaea,f#Bacteria, f#andf#Eukarya*
B. Archaea,f#Prokaryota,f#andf#Eukaryota
C. Bacteria,f#Fungi, f#and f#Protista
D. Bacteria,Prokaryota,f#andf#Eukarya
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
8. Whichf#two f#taxonomicf#unitsf#aref#typicallyf#usedf#tof#identifyf#anf#organism f#when f#using
f#binomial f#nomenclature?
A. domainf#andf#kingdom
B. genus f#andf#family
C. genusf#and f#species*
D. phylum f#and f#class
Difficulty: f#Easy
f#ASMStandard:N/
A
9. Whichf#of f#thef#following f#is f#notf#true f#about the f#process f#of f#fermentation?
Q,
A. It f#canf#help f#preserve f#foods,f#preventing f#spoilage.
B. Itf#converts f#sugars f#tof#organic f#acids, f#alcohols, f#and/or f#gases f#such f#as f#carbon f#dioxide.
C. Itf#is f#carriedf#out exclusively f#by f#unicellular f#eukaryotes f#suchf#as f#yeast.*
Q,
D. It f#isf#used f#to f#makef#foods f#such f#as f#cheesef#and f#bread.
Difficulty: f#Moderate
ASMf#Standard: f#11,f#23,f#26
,10. Thef#Romansf#mayf#have f#reducedf#theirf#risk f#off#waterborne f#infectiousdiseasesf#byf#using
f#which f#of f#the f#following?
A. a f#varietyf#off#pharmaceutical f#products
B. aqueducts f#and f#a f#sewer f#system*
C. prophylactic f#antibiotics
D. quarantinef#off#people f#with f#leprosy
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#23
11. For f#which f#of f#the f#following f#is f#Thucydides f#known?
A. developing f#aneffective f#sewer f#system f#in f#ancient Greece, f#helping f#to
Q,
f#reduce f#levels f#of f#disease f#in f#cities
B. observing f#microbes, f#using f#a f#microscope, f#forthe f#first f#time, f#even
f#distinguishing f#between f#bacteria f#and f#fungi
C. proposingf#thatf#disease f#was f#causedf#bymicroorganisms
D. realizing f#that f#people f#who f#had f#been f#infected f#byf#the f#Athenian
f#plaguef#had f#immunity f#to f#reinfection*
Difficulty: f#Moderate
f#ASMStandard:23,31
12. Ernstf#Haeckelf#proposedf#af#classificationf#system f#consistingf#off#whichf#off#the
f#following f#subgroups?
A. five f#kingdoms
B. four f#kingdoms*
C. two f#domains f#and f#three f#kingdoms
D. two f#domains f#andf#five f#kingdoms
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASMStandard:
f#N/A
13. Virusesf#not included f#in f#phylogenetic f#treesf#forf#which f#of f#thef#following f#reasons?
Q,
A. It f#is f#too f#difficult f#tof#observe f#theirf#characteristics.
B. They f#aref#acellular f#andf#nonliving.*
C. Theyf#do f#notf#have f#anygenes, f#whichf#preventsf#genetic f#analysis.
D. They f#lack f#a f#nucleus.
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#5
14. Whichf#isf#thef#bestf#description f#of f#the f#primary f#purpose f#off#a f#phylogeny?
A. Phylogenies f#show f#all f#the f#alterative f#namesf#forf#each f#species.
B. Phylogeniesf#show f#all f#the f#common f#names f#for f#each f#species.
C. Phylogenies f#showevolutionaryrelatedness between f#organisms.*
Q,
, D. Phylogeniesf#showf#interactions f#between f#species f#inf#a f#shared f#habitat.
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#5
15. Currentf#phylogeneticf#analysesf#include f#which f#of f#the f#following?
A. informationf#from f#a f#range f#of f#sources,f#including f#morphological, f#genetic,
f#and f#biochemical f#data*
B. informationf#on f#visible f#similarities f#only
C. information f#regardinghow f#to f#classify f#organisms f#on f#the f#basis f#of
f#external f#morphological f#characteristics f#and f#visible f#behaviors
D. variedf#morphologicalf#and f#structural f#characteristics, f#with f#preference f#for
f#leaving f#historical f#classifications f#to f#prevent f#confusion
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASM f#Standard:
f#5
16. Diatomsf#are f#classifiedf#within f#which f#of f#thef#following f#domains?
A. Archaea
B. Bacteria
C. Eukarya*
D. Prokaryota
Difficulty:Moderate
f#ASMStandard:
f#N/A
17. Horizontalf#genef#transferf#involves f#whichf#of f#thef#following?
A. anyf#transferf#of f#genesf#in f#a f#laboratoryf#setting
B. the f#transferf#of f#genes f#from f#a f#virus f#to f#a f#bacterium f#or f#vice f#versa f#but
f#not f#any f#other f#form f#of f#gene f#transfer
C. the f#transferf#of f#genes f#from f#one f#individual f#tof#another, f#includingf#from
f#one f#species f#to f#another, f#but f#not f#from f#parent f#to f#offspring*
D. the f#transferf#of f#genes f#fromf#parent f#to f#offspring
Difficulty:f#Moderate
f#ASMStandard: f#2,
f#4
18. Bacteriaf#are f#generally f#identified f#to f#species f#byusing f#which f#of f#thef#following?
A. af#combinationf#of f#genetic, f#biochemical,f#andf#microscopic f#approaches*
B. a f#combinationf#off#microscopicf#and f#physiological f#approaches,f#butf#notf#genetics
C. primarilyf#characteristics f#suchf#as f#motilityf#thatf#can f#be f#visualized f#using f#microscopy
D. primarilymorphological f#characteristics f#of f#individual f#cells
Difficulty: f#Moderate
f#ASMStandard:34,36
