1. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed lithium for
bipolar disorder. The nurse should monitor for signs of
toxicity, which include:
A. Fine hand tremors and polyuria
B. Fine hand tremors and increased appetite
C. Fine hand tremors and weight loss
D. Fine hand tremors and lethargy
Answer: a) Fine hand tremors and polyuria
Rationale: Fine hand tremors and polyuria are early signs of
lithium toxicity. The nurse should monitor serum lithium
levels to prevent toxicity.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed aspirin for
the prevention of myocardial infarction. Which of the
following should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Gastrointestinal bleeding
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypertension
Answer: b) Gastrointestinal bleeding
Rationale: Aspirin can irritate the gastrointestinal tract,
leading to an increased risk of bleeding. The nurse should
monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as
black, tarry stools.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. The nurse should
instruct the client to avoid which of the following?
A. Dairy products
B. Citrus fruits
,C. Caffeine
D. Carbonated beverages
Answer: a) Dairy products
Rationale: Dairy products can interfere with the absorption
of ciprofloxacin, reducing its effectiveness.
4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is
prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. Which
of the following statements by the client indicates the need
for further teaching?
A. "I should avoid large crowds to prevent infection."
B. "I need to gradually taper off the medication."
C. "I will take the medication with food to reduce stomach
irritation."
D. "I can stop the medication as soon as I feel better."
Answer: d) "I can stop the medication as soon as I feel
better."
Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that must not be
stopped abruptly. It should be tapered gradually to prevent
adrenal insufficiency.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
, needed.
6. A nurse is administering an opioid analgesic to a
postoperative client. Which of the following should be
included in the nurse’s assessment before administration?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Respiratory rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Heart rate
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids can depress the respiratory system, so it
is essential to assess the client’s respiratory rate before
administration.
7. A nurse is administering vancomycin to a client via IV
infusion. Which of the following should the nurse be aware
of when administering the medication?
A. The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to prevent
red man syndrome.
B. The infusion should be given as a rapid bolus for quicker
therapeutic effect.
C. The medication should be given on an empty stomach.
D. The client should be observed for signs of hyperkalemia.
Answer: a) The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to
prevent red man syndrome.
Rationale: Vancomycin should be infused slowly over at
least 60 minutes to prevent red man syndrome, which is
characterized by flushing and hypotension.
8. A nurse is administering levodopa to a client with
Parkinson's disease. The nurse should monitor for which of
the following side effects?
bipolar disorder. The nurse should monitor for signs of
toxicity, which include:
A. Fine hand tremors and polyuria
B. Fine hand tremors and increased appetite
C. Fine hand tremors and weight loss
D. Fine hand tremors and lethargy
Answer: a) Fine hand tremors and polyuria
Rationale: Fine hand tremors and polyuria are early signs of
lithium toxicity. The nurse should monitor serum lithium
levels to prevent toxicity.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed aspirin for
the prevention of myocardial infarction. Which of the
following should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Gastrointestinal bleeding
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypertension
Answer: b) Gastrointestinal bleeding
Rationale: Aspirin can irritate the gastrointestinal tract,
leading to an increased risk of bleeding. The nurse should
monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as
black, tarry stools.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. The nurse should
instruct the client to avoid which of the following?
A. Dairy products
B. Citrus fruits
,C. Caffeine
D. Carbonated beverages
Answer: a) Dairy products
Rationale: Dairy products can interfere with the absorption
of ciprofloxacin, reducing its effectiveness.
4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is
prescribed prednisone for an autoimmune disorder. Which
of the following statements by the client indicates the need
for further teaching?
A. "I should avoid large crowds to prevent infection."
B. "I need to gradually taper off the medication."
C. "I will take the medication with food to reduce stomach
irritation."
D. "I can stop the medication as soon as I feel better."
Answer: d) "I can stop the medication as soon as I feel
better."
Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that must not be
stopped abruptly. It should be tapered gradually to prevent
adrenal insufficiency.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
, needed.
6. A nurse is administering an opioid analgesic to a
postoperative client. Which of the following should be
included in the nurse’s assessment before administration?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Respiratory rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Heart rate
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids can depress the respiratory system, so it
is essential to assess the client’s respiratory rate before
administration.
7. A nurse is administering vancomycin to a client via IV
infusion. Which of the following should the nurse be aware
of when administering the medication?
A. The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to prevent
red man syndrome.
B. The infusion should be given as a rapid bolus for quicker
therapeutic effect.
C. The medication should be given on an empty stomach.
D. The client should be observed for signs of hyperkalemia.
Answer: a) The infusion should be given over 60 minutes to
prevent red man syndrome.
Rationale: Vancomycin should be infused slowly over at
least 60 minutes to prevent red man syndrome, which is
characterized by flushing and hypotension.
8. A nurse is administering levodopa to a client with
Parkinson's disease. The nurse should monitor for which of
the following side effects?
