1. A nurse is caring for a client receiving antibiotics for a
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
B. "Avoid citrus fruits while taking this medication."
C. "Take the medication on an empty stomach."
D. "You can stop the medication once your symptoms
subside."
Answer: a) "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent
crystal formation."
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake can help dilute the urine
and prevent crystal formation, which can occur with some
antibiotics like sulfonamides.
2. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for depression. The
nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the
following substances?
A. Alcohol
B. Caffeine
C. Citrus fruits
D. Salt substitutes
Answer: a) Alcohol
Rationale: Alcohol can interact with SSRIs, increasing the
risk of sedation, and can also worsen depression. Clients
should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking SSRIs.
3. A nurse is teaching a client with glaucoma about the use
of latanoprost. The nurse should include which of the
,following instructions?
A. "This medication will increase the amount of fluid in your
eyes."
B. "You may experience an increase in eye pigmentation."
C. "This medication may cause blurred vision."
D. "You should avoid sunlight while using this medication."
Answer: b) "You may experience an increase in eye
pigmentation."
Rationale: Latanoprost, a prostaglandin analog, may cause
darkening of the iris (increased pigmentation) and should be
used cautiously in patients with lighter eye colors.
4. A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the following
complications?
A. Thrombocytosis
B. Leukocytosis
C. Neutropenia
D. Hyperlipidemia
Answer: c) Neutropenia
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause neutropenia, a
reduction in neutrophils, making the client more susceptible
to infections.
5. A client is receiving levothyroxine for hypothyroidism.
Which of the following findings is the most indicative that the
medication dose is too high?
A. Weight gain
B. Increased appetite
C. Increased energy
D. Cold intolerance
Answer: c) Increased energy
, Rationale: Too high a dose of levothyroxine can lead to
symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as increased energy,
nervousness, and tachycardia.
6. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a
transdermal nitroglycerin patch for angina. Which of the
following should be included in the teaching?
A. "You should apply a new patch every 12 hours."
B. "The patch should be applied over the area of pain."
C. "The patch can be left in place during bathing or
showering."
D. "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours each day
to prevent tolerance."
Answer: d) "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours
each day to prevent tolerance."
Rationale: To prevent the development of tolerance to
nitroglycerin, the patch should be removed for 10-12 hours
each day, usually at night.
7. A nurse is administering an opioid analgesic to a
postoperative client. Which of the following should be
included in the nurse’s assessment before administration?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Respiratory rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Heart rate
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids can depress the respiratory system, so it
is essential to assess the client’s respiratory rate before
administration.
8. A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
B. "Avoid citrus fruits while taking this medication."
C. "Take the medication on an empty stomach."
D. "You can stop the medication once your symptoms
subside."
Answer: a) "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent
crystal formation."
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake can help dilute the urine
and prevent crystal formation, which can occur with some
antibiotics like sulfonamides.
2. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for depression. The
nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the
following substances?
A. Alcohol
B. Caffeine
C. Citrus fruits
D. Salt substitutes
Answer: a) Alcohol
Rationale: Alcohol can interact with SSRIs, increasing the
risk of sedation, and can also worsen depression. Clients
should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking SSRIs.
3. A nurse is teaching a client with glaucoma about the use
of latanoprost. The nurse should include which of the
,following instructions?
A. "This medication will increase the amount of fluid in your
eyes."
B. "You may experience an increase in eye pigmentation."
C. "This medication may cause blurred vision."
D. "You should avoid sunlight while using this medication."
Answer: b) "You may experience an increase in eye
pigmentation."
Rationale: Latanoprost, a prostaglandin analog, may cause
darkening of the iris (increased pigmentation) and should be
used cautiously in patients with lighter eye colors.
4. A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the following
complications?
A. Thrombocytosis
B. Leukocytosis
C. Neutropenia
D. Hyperlipidemia
Answer: c) Neutropenia
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause neutropenia, a
reduction in neutrophils, making the client more susceptible
to infections.
5. A client is receiving levothyroxine for hypothyroidism.
Which of the following findings is the most indicative that the
medication dose is too high?
A. Weight gain
B. Increased appetite
C. Increased energy
D. Cold intolerance
Answer: c) Increased energy
, Rationale: Too high a dose of levothyroxine can lead to
symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as increased energy,
nervousness, and tachycardia.
6. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a
transdermal nitroglycerin patch for angina. Which of the
following should be included in the teaching?
A. "You should apply a new patch every 12 hours."
B. "The patch should be applied over the area of pain."
C. "The patch can be left in place during bathing or
showering."
D. "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours each day
to prevent tolerance."
Answer: d) "You should remove the patch for 10-12 hours
each day to prevent tolerance."
Rationale: To prevent the development of tolerance to
nitroglycerin, the patch should be removed for 10-12 hours
each day, usually at night.
7. A nurse is administering an opioid analgesic to a
postoperative client. Which of the following should be
included in the nurse’s assessment before administration?
A. Bowel sounds
B. Respiratory rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Heart rate
Answer: b) Respiratory rate
Rationale: Opioids can depress the respiratory system, so it
is essential to assess the client’s respiratory rate before
administration.
8. A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract
