1. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of lorazepam
for anxiety. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
A. "You can drive while taking this medication."
B. "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
C. "This medication is not habit-forming."
D. "You should take the medication on an empty stomach."
Answer: b) "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can have
enhanced sedative effects when taken with alcohol, leading
to increased risk of respiratory depression and drowsiness.
2. A nurse is caring for a client receiving enalapril. Which of
the following should be monitored regularly?
A. Blood pressure
B. Blood glucose level
C. Respiratory rate
D. Serum calcium
Answer: a) Blood pressure
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, primarily used for
hypertension management. Blood pressure should be
closely monitored to ensure the medication is effective.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
,Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a thiazide
diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can lead to potassium loss,
which can result in hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor
potassium levels and supplement as necessary.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the following
complications?
A. Thrombocytosis
B. Leukocytosis
C. Neutropenia
D. Hyperlipidemia
Answer: c) Neutropenia
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause neutropenia, a
reduction in neutrophils, making the client more susceptible
to infections.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed metformin
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
, A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
7. A client is prescribed warfarin. The nurse should instruct
the client to avoid which of the following foods?
A. Bananas
B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Tomatoes
D. Potatoes
Answer: b) Leafy green vegetables
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables contain high levels of
vitamin K, which can interfere with the anticoagulant effect
of warfarin, requiring a consistent intake of vitamin K.
8. A nurse is administering a dose of phenytoin to a client
with seizures. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Gingival hyperplasia
B. Weight loss
C. Tremors
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: a) Gingival hyperplasia
Rationale: Phenytoin is associated with gingival
hyperplasia, an overgrowth of the gum tissue, as a common
adverse effect.
for anxiety. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include?
A. "You can drive while taking this medication."
B. "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
C. "This medication is not habit-forming."
D. "You should take the medication on an empty stomach."
Answer: b) "Avoid alcohol while taking this medication."
Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can have
enhanced sedative effects when taken with alcohol, leading
to increased risk of respiratory depression and drowsiness.
2. A nurse is caring for a client receiving enalapril. Which of
the following should be monitored regularly?
A. Blood pressure
B. Blood glucose level
C. Respiratory rate
D. Serum calcium
Answer: a) Blood pressure
Rationale: Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, primarily used for
hypertension management. Blood pressure should be
closely monitored to ensure the medication is effective.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
,Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a thiazide
diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can lead to potassium loss,
which can result in hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor
potassium levels and supplement as necessary.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the following
complications?
A. Thrombocytosis
B. Leukocytosis
C. Neutropenia
D. Hyperlipidemia
Answer: c) Neutropenia
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause neutropenia, a
reduction in neutrophils, making the client more susceptible
to infections.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed metformin
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
, A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
7. A client is prescribed warfarin. The nurse should instruct
the client to avoid which of the following foods?
A. Bananas
B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Tomatoes
D. Potatoes
Answer: b) Leafy green vegetables
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables contain high levels of
vitamin K, which can interfere with the anticoagulant effect
of warfarin, requiring a consistent intake of vitamin K.
8. A nurse is administering a dose of phenytoin to a client
with seizures. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Gingival hyperplasia
B. Weight loss
C. Tremors
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: a) Gingival hyperplasia
Rationale: Phenytoin is associated with gingival
hyperplasia, an overgrowth of the gum tissue, as a common
adverse effect.
