LING 1010 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS
What is sound?
A distortion in air pressure
What is a sound wave?
- A disturbance in air pressure.
- It creates compression, or close-packing, of the air molecules that alternates with rarefaction
Why are sound waves important in linguistics?
They signify the PHYSICAL PROPERTIES of each phoneme that makes them distinct from one
another.
What are the two different types of waves?
(1) Transverse Waves
(2) Longitudinal Waves
Transverse Waves
The oscillation is perpendicular to the direction the disturbance is moving.
WAVES IN THE OCEAN ARE AN EXAMPLE!
Longitudinal Waves
The oscillation moves in the same direction as the disturbance.
SOUND WAVES ARE AN EXAMPLE!
,Three Physical Properties of a Sound Wave
(1) Amplitude
(2) Period
(3) Frequency
Amplitude
- Is a measure of the force applied to an area of air during compression.
- The perceptual effect of amplitude is a change in loudness.
- High amplitude sounds are perceived to be louder, low amplitude sounds are less loud.
Period
- Sound wave creates a regular, repeating pattern of compressions in the air.
- We perceive periodic sounds as tones, or notes.
- We perceive aperiodic sound as noisy.
Frequency
- A measure of the number of compression cycles a periodic wave completes in a given unit of
time.
- The perceptual effect of frequency is a change in pitch.
- High frequency sounds have high pitches, low frequency sounds have low pitches.
What are the two components of your voice?
, (1) Vocal Folds
(2) Vocal Tract
Vocal Tract
Acts as a filter to the sound created by your vocal folds. The shape of your oral cavity
and pharynx directly affect the properties of the sound
Vocal Folds
The source of your sound comes from here (and the lungs kinda).
Filter Source Model
Refers to the relationship between the vocal tract and the vocal folds.
TRUE or FALSE: The sound waves of constants and vowels have distinct physical properties?
TRUE
What are vowels produced as?
- Vowels are produced as tones. So they are typically periodic and higher amplitude
(louder). This makes vowels much easier to sing.
Random things about consonants
- They are often made with pops, clicks, and hisses.
- So they are typically aperiodic (noisier) and/or lower amplitude.
Fundamental Frequency
- The lowest frequency generated by a sound source. We use the abbreviation F0 for
the fundamental frequency. For your voice, this is the basic pitch that you hear.
Harmonics
DETAILED VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS
What is sound?
A distortion in air pressure
What is a sound wave?
- A disturbance in air pressure.
- It creates compression, or close-packing, of the air molecules that alternates with rarefaction
Why are sound waves important in linguistics?
They signify the PHYSICAL PROPERTIES of each phoneme that makes them distinct from one
another.
What are the two different types of waves?
(1) Transverse Waves
(2) Longitudinal Waves
Transverse Waves
The oscillation is perpendicular to the direction the disturbance is moving.
WAVES IN THE OCEAN ARE AN EXAMPLE!
Longitudinal Waves
The oscillation moves in the same direction as the disturbance.
SOUND WAVES ARE AN EXAMPLE!
,Three Physical Properties of a Sound Wave
(1) Amplitude
(2) Period
(3) Frequency
Amplitude
- Is a measure of the force applied to an area of air during compression.
- The perceptual effect of amplitude is a change in loudness.
- High amplitude sounds are perceived to be louder, low amplitude sounds are less loud.
Period
- Sound wave creates a regular, repeating pattern of compressions in the air.
- We perceive periodic sounds as tones, or notes.
- We perceive aperiodic sound as noisy.
Frequency
- A measure of the number of compression cycles a periodic wave completes in a given unit of
time.
- The perceptual effect of frequency is a change in pitch.
- High frequency sounds have high pitches, low frequency sounds have low pitches.
What are the two components of your voice?
, (1) Vocal Folds
(2) Vocal Tract
Vocal Tract
Acts as a filter to the sound created by your vocal folds. The shape of your oral cavity
and pharynx directly affect the properties of the sound
Vocal Folds
The source of your sound comes from here (and the lungs kinda).
Filter Source Model
Refers to the relationship between the vocal tract and the vocal folds.
TRUE or FALSE: The sound waves of constants and vowels have distinct physical properties?
TRUE
What are vowels produced as?
- Vowels are produced as tones. So they are typically periodic and higher amplitude
(louder). This makes vowels much easier to sing.
Random things about consonants
- They are often made with pops, clicks, and hisses.
- So they are typically aperiodic (noisier) and/or lower amplitude.
Fundamental Frequency
- The lowest frequency generated by a sound source. We use the abbreviation F0 for
the fundamental frequency. For your voice, this is the basic pitch that you hear.
Harmonics
