Page 1 of 159
QAL- LAW AND REGULATION 2024-2025 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Define economic injury thresholds. - answer-When damages
from pests effect the economic return of the product; pesticide
applications often based off of these thresholds
Describe monitoring and its importance. - answer-detection and
tracking of development of pests; key to building effective
management programs; verifies pest presence and helps predict
outbreaks; helps observe habits, life cycles, natural enemies,
properly time applications, assess effectiveness of control
measures
Define Integrated Pest Management - answer-the incorporation
of various pest control techniques in a way that minimizes
effects on human and environmental health while maximizing
reductions to pest populations
What is a key pest? - answer-pests that cause major damage on
a regular basis; require regular control efforts to prevent
damage
What is an occasional pest? - answer-become pests once in a
while due to life cycles, environmental conditions, or result of
human activity
, Page 2 of 159
What is a secondary pest? - answer-normally not problem pests
but become problematic after key pests are controlled; can/will
cause damage after control of key pests
Define prevention of pests. - answer-Stopping pest populations
before damage or treatment thresholds; weed/disease free
seeding and mediums, disease/insect resistant genetics,
sanitation practices, natural enemies
Define suppression of pests. - answer-reduction of pest
populations below economic injury threshold/to tolerable levels;
can lower pest populations so natural enemies can maintain
control; releasing biological agents, cultivation, etc.
Define eradication of pests. - answer-total elimination of pest
from designated area; very expensive and often limited success;
eradication rarely supported unless it is an exotic or introduced
pest
Five components of all IPM programs? - answer-Identification,
monitoring, use of EIL to determine management, prevention,
and combining management tools when needed
What are the IPM methods/control options? - answer-biological,
chemical, mechanical/physical, cultural
, Page 3 of 159
Define biological control methods? - answer-use of living control
agents/natural enemies to control pest populations; parasites,
pathogens, predators, competitors
Define chemical control methods - answer-use of naturally
occurring or synthetic pesticides; only used when necessary in
combination with other methods; use of most selective
pesticides to minimize detrimental effects to humans or
environment
Define mechanical/physical controls - answer-kill pest directly
or make the environment unsuitable; ex.) rodent traps, mowing,
sterilization, screens for birds
Define cultural controls - answer-reduce pest establishment,
reproduction, dispersal, and survival; ex.) changing irrigation,
crop rotation
Explain importance of evaluating pest management results. -
answer-monitor after every treatment to learn if control activity
was successful; to ensure levels reach tolerable levels and
control was successful
What IPM method of control is exclusion? - answer-
mechanical/physical
, Page 4 of 159
What is augmentation? - answer-form of biological control;
rearing and releasing of natural enemies that are probably
naturally occurring in the area but natural populations are too
low to effectively control pest
What pest control approach should you use if environmental
conditions are beginning to favor the development of disease? -
answer-prevention
What pest control approach should you use if pest populations
need to be lowered so natural enemies can take over and
maintain control? - answer-suppression
What pest control approach should you use if an invasive species
is threatening crops in a new area? - answer-eradication
Use of barriers, screens, fences, mesh is known as... - answer-
exclusion
Why is it important to track the life stage of pests you are trying
to control? - answer-Successful control efforts must coincide
with pest's most vulnerable life stage
Monitor after every treatment to learn... - answer-whether the
control activity was successful
QAL- LAW AND REGULATION 2024-2025 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Define economic injury thresholds. - answer-When damages
from pests effect the economic return of the product; pesticide
applications often based off of these thresholds
Describe monitoring and its importance. - answer-detection and
tracking of development of pests; key to building effective
management programs; verifies pest presence and helps predict
outbreaks; helps observe habits, life cycles, natural enemies,
properly time applications, assess effectiveness of control
measures
Define Integrated Pest Management - answer-the incorporation
of various pest control techniques in a way that minimizes
effects on human and environmental health while maximizing
reductions to pest populations
What is a key pest? - answer-pests that cause major damage on
a regular basis; require regular control efforts to prevent
damage
What is an occasional pest? - answer-become pests once in a
while due to life cycles, environmental conditions, or result of
human activity
, Page 2 of 159
What is a secondary pest? - answer-normally not problem pests
but become problematic after key pests are controlled; can/will
cause damage after control of key pests
Define prevention of pests. - answer-Stopping pest populations
before damage or treatment thresholds; weed/disease free
seeding and mediums, disease/insect resistant genetics,
sanitation practices, natural enemies
Define suppression of pests. - answer-reduction of pest
populations below economic injury threshold/to tolerable levels;
can lower pest populations so natural enemies can maintain
control; releasing biological agents, cultivation, etc.
Define eradication of pests. - answer-total elimination of pest
from designated area; very expensive and often limited success;
eradication rarely supported unless it is an exotic or introduced
pest
Five components of all IPM programs? - answer-Identification,
monitoring, use of EIL to determine management, prevention,
and combining management tools when needed
What are the IPM methods/control options? - answer-biological,
chemical, mechanical/physical, cultural
, Page 3 of 159
Define biological control methods? - answer-use of living control
agents/natural enemies to control pest populations; parasites,
pathogens, predators, competitors
Define chemical control methods - answer-use of naturally
occurring or synthetic pesticides; only used when necessary in
combination with other methods; use of most selective
pesticides to minimize detrimental effects to humans or
environment
Define mechanical/physical controls - answer-kill pest directly
or make the environment unsuitable; ex.) rodent traps, mowing,
sterilization, screens for birds
Define cultural controls - answer-reduce pest establishment,
reproduction, dispersal, and survival; ex.) changing irrigation,
crop rotation
Explain importance of evaluating pest management results. -
answer-monitor after every treatment to learn if control activity
was successful; to ensure levels reach tolerable levels and
control was successful
What IPM method of control is exclusion? - answer-
mechanical/physical
, Page 4 of 159
What is augmentation? - answer-form of biological control;
rearing and releasing of natural enemies that are probably
naturally occurring in the area but natural populations are too
low to effectively control pest
What pest control approach should you use if environmental
conditions are beginning to favor the development of disease? -
answer-prevention
What pest control approach should you use if pest populations
need to be lowered so natural enemies can take over and
maintain control? - answer-suppression
What pest control approach should you use if an invasive species
is threatening crops in a new area? - answer-eradication
Use of barriers, screens, fences, mesh is known as... - answer-
exclusion
Why is it important to track the life stage of pests you are trying
to control? - answer-Successful control efforts must coincide
with pest's most vulnerable life stage
Monitor after every treatment to learn... - answer-whether the
control activity was successful
