NCE Theories of Counseling &
Helping Relationships Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Sigmund Freud - ✔✔Father of Psychoanalysis
(originally worked with Adler, Jung, and Viennese neurologist [re: talking cure])
Alfred Adler - ✔✔Father of Individual Psychology
Gustav Jung - ✔✔founded Analytic Psychology
Joseph Breuer - ✔✔neurologist who taught Freud 'talking cure', or 'catharsis'
Rollo May - ✔✔existentialist and prime move in this counseling movement.
Berne's Transactional Analysis (TA) posits 3 ego states - ✔✔the Child (like id)
the Adult (like ego)
the Parent (like superego)
Freud's 3 psychosexual stages - ✔✔Oral
Anal
Phallic
Freud's topographic notion that the mind is like an iceberg with 2 states: - ✔✔conscious
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,unconscious
Incomplete parent (according to TA) - ✔✔person expects others to parent him or uses
lack of parenting as an excuse for poor behavior.
Resolution of Freud's Oedipus complex leads to the development of the superego,
which is accomplished by - ✔✔identifying with the same sex parent (also called
aggressor)
transference - ✔✔projecting feelings toward the therapist that the client originally felt
toward a significant other person in their life.
ego - ✔✔executive administrator of the personality
(seen as the Child in TA)
-acts as a police officer to control impulses of the id (aka instincts, or the Child) and the
superego (conscience, or the Parent)
-also called 'reality principle' and houses individual's identity
Thanatos - ✔✔Greek for 'death'
(i.e., 'Thanatologists study death')
Eros - ✔✔Greek god of 'love of life'
Freudians use it also to mean 'self-preservation'
Pleasure principle - ✔✔the id
Reality principle - ✔✔the ego
Ego ideal - ✔✔the superego
(the perfect self that the person judges himself against)
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, Free association - ✔✔analytic technique, instructing the client to say whatever comes to
mind.
Paraphrasing - ✔✔whenever a counselor restates a client's message in the counselor's
own words.
The superego strives for _____ rather than _____ like the id. - ✔✔perfection, pleasure
The superego - ✔✔composed of values, morals, and ideals of parents, caretakers, and
society
id - ✔✔chaotic and has no sense of time
(pleasure principle - 'I want it NOW')
Jospeh Wolpe - ✔✔developed 'systematic desensitization' to weaken a client's response
to anxiety-producing stimuli
Systematic desensitization - ✔✔systematic paradigm that lessens one's anxiety to a
stimuli through gradual exposure to it
(form of behavior therapy based on Pavlov's classical conditioning)
Manifest content of dreams - ✔✔surface meaning of a dream
Latent content of dreams - ✔✔hidden meaning of a dream
Dream work - ✔✔consists of deciphering the hidden meaning (latent) of a dream
(through symbolism) so the individual is aware of unconscious motives, impulses,
desires, and conflicts.
Some counselors feel transference is actually a form of projection, displacement, and
repetition in which client treats counselor in same manner as he would an _______
_____from the past. - ✔✔authority figure.
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Helping Relationships Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Sigmund Freud - ✔✔Father of Psychoanalysis
(originally worked with Adler, Jung, and Viennese neurologist [re: talking cure])
Alfred Adler - ✔✔Father of Individual Psychology
Gustav Jung - ✔✔founded Analytic Psychology
Joseph Breuer - ✔✔neurologist who taught Freud 'talking cure', or 'catharsis'
Rollo May - ✔✔existentialist and prime move in this counseling movement.
Berne's Transactional Analysis (TA) posits 3 ego states - ✔✔the Child (like id)
the Adult (like ego)
the Parent (like superego)
Freud's 3 psychosexual stages - ✔✔Oral
Anal
Phallic
Freud's topographic notion that the mind is like an iceberg with 2 states: - ✔✔conscious
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,unconscious
Incomplete parent (according to TA) - ✔✔person expects others to parent him or uses
lack of parenting as an excuse for poor behavior.
Resolution of Freud's Oedipus complex leads to the development of the superego,
which is accomplished by - ✔✔identifying with the same sex parent (also called
aggressor)
transference - ✔✔projecting feelings toward the therapist that the client originally felt
toward a significant other person in their life.
ego - ✔✔executive administrator of the personality
(seen as the Child in TA)
-acts as a police officer to control impulses of the id (aka instincts, or the Child) and the
superego (conscience, or the Parent)
-also called 'reality principle' and houses individual's identity
Thanatos - ✔✔Greek for 'death'
(i.e., 'Thanatologists study death')
Eros - ✔✔Greek god of 'love of life'
Freudians use it also to mean 'self-preservation'
Pleasure principle - ✔✔the id
Reality principle - ✔✔the ego
Ego ideal - ✔✔the superego
(the perfect self that the person judges himself against)
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, Free association - ✔✔analytic technique, instructing the client to say whatever comes to
mind.
Paraphrasing - ✔✔whenever a counselor restates a client's message in the counselor's
own words.
The superego strives for _____ rather than _____ like the id. - ✔✔perfection, pleasure
The superego - ✔✔composed of values, morals, and ideals of parents, caretakers, and
society
id - ✔✔chaotic and has no sense of time
(pleasure principle - 'I want it NOW')
Jospeh Wolpe - ✔✔developed 'systematic desensitization' to weaken a client's response
to anxiety-producing stimuli
Systematic desensitization - ✔✔systematic paradigm that lessens one's anxiety to a
stimuli through gradual exposure to it
(form of behavior therapy based on Pavlov's classical conditioning)
Manifest content of dreams - ✔✔surface meaning of a dream
Latent content of dreams - ✔✔hidden meaning of a dream
Dream work - ✔✔consists of deciphering the hidden meaning (latent) of a dream
(through symbolism) so the individual is aware of unconscious motives, impulses,
desires, and conflicts.
Some counselors feel transference is actually a form of projection, displacement, and
repetition in which client treats counselor in same manner as he would an _______
_____from the past. - ✔✔authority figure.
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