NAVTA AVA Exam Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+

NAVTA AVA Exam Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+ Lateral Recumbency - Answer: Lying on the side Plantar - Answer: Bottom of the back feet Palmar - Answer: Bottom of the front feet Rostral - Answer: Towards the nose Cavy - Answer: Guinea pig Ovine - Answer: Sheep Porcine - Answer: Pig Bovine - Answer: Cow Equine - Answer: Horse A frog is an example of a(n) ________ - Answer: Amphibian Anorexia - Answer: Not eating -stomy - Answer: To create a new opening Cysto- refers to the - Answer: Urinary bladder Nephritis - Answer: Inflammation of the kidneys Dysuria - Answer: Difficult or painful urination Anemia - Answer: Decreased or no production of blood cells Arthritis - Answer: Inflammation of the joints Laparotomy - Answer: Surgical incision into the abdomen Radiograph - Answer: X-ray; to record using radiation Hematuria - Answer: Blood in the urine Hepatomegally - Answer: Enlarged liver Cardiopathy - Answer: Heart disease Osteopathy - Answer: Bone disease -centesis - Answer: To surgically puncture Mastectomy - Answer: Surgical removal of the mammary gland Lagomorph - Answer: Veterinary term for rabbit Proximal - Answer: Toward or near the center of the body Hemorrhage - Answer: To burst forth with blood; bleeding Microscope - Answer: Instrument used to visualize small particles Pathology - Answer: The study of diseases Rhinitis - Answer: Inflammation of the nose Dental - Answer: Pertaining to the teeth Gastropexy - Answer: To surgically suture the abdomen m SID - Answer: Once a day Dx - Answer: Diagnosis CRT - Answer: Capillary refill time SQ - Answer: Subcutaneous UA - Answer: Urinalysis TPR - Answer: Temperature, pulse, respiration HBC - Answer: Hit by car Hx - Answer: History IM - Answer: Intramuscular NPO - Answer: Nothing by mouth UTI - Answer: Urinary tract infection Tab - Answer: Tablet OU - Answer: Both ears Ad lib or prn - Answer: As needed Rx - Answer: Prescription L - Answer: Left Tx - Answer: Treatment Sx - Answer: Surgery TID - Answer: Three times a day M - Answer: Male Dz - Answer: Disease OS - Answer: Left ear PO - Answer: By mouth AD - Answer: Right eye Wt - Answer: Weight HR - Answer: Heart rate IV - Answer: Intravenous Neg or - - Answer: Negative q - Answer: Every mm - Answer: Mucous membranes Dys- - Answer: Difficult Mal- - Answer: Bad, poor Brady- - Answer: Abnormally slow Anti- - Answer: Against, opposing De- - Answer: Down, remove Hypo- - Answer: Abnormally low Poly- - Answer: Many, much, multiple A- or an- - Answer: Without, lack of, no, none Hyper- - Answer: Abnormally high Tachy- - Answer: Abnormally fast Cardi/o - Answer: Heart Hepato/o - Answer: Liver Ot/o - Answer: Ear Ren/o - Answer: Kidney Gastro/o - Answer: Stomach Dent/o - Answer: Chest????? Oste/o - Answer: Bone Cyst/o - Answer: Urinary bladder Rhin/o - Answer: Nose Hem/o - Answer: Bloody -megaly - Answer: Enlargement -centesis - Answer: To puncture -osis - Answer: Disease -logy - Answer: The study of -emia - Answer: Blood -scope - Answer: To examine -rrhea - Answer: To burst -pathy - Answer: Abnormal condition -itis - Answer: Inflammation, infection -graph - Answer: To record T/F: Never write in pencil when recording in a veterinary medical record. - Answer: True T/F: the veterinary-client-patient relationship or VCPR must be maintained legally within 2 years. - Answer: False, it must be maintained within 1 year. T/F: the health certificate must include vaccine dates of an animal. - Answer: True T/F: the veterinary assistant must record an animal's history, but it is not necessary to note any communications with the client by phone or verbally within the medical record. - Answer: False, all client communications should be recorded. What vaccine is legally required to be given to some animal species? - Answer: Rabies How many years are states required to keep medical records? - Answer: 3 years Which filing method is most commonly used in veterinary facilities? - Answer: Alphabetical Where is the SOAP recording method commonly used? - Answer: Patient progress notes The temperature and heart rate of an animal are examples of which element of SOAP? - Answer: Objective What should you do if a mistake is made when recording in a medical record? - Answer: Place a single line through the error, correct it, and initial When is it appropriate to share information on medical records? - Answer: Only when information shared is for the purpose of patient care In the SOAP format for progress notes, in which category would the chief complaint be written? - Answer: Subjective information Who owns the physical medical record? - Answer: The veterinary practice T/F: stamps and stickers should not be used on any medical records because they are legal documents. - Answer: False T/F: when discharging a client and patient the veterinary assistant must check ALL of the following: that discharge instructions are clear, that the client had all of the prescribed medications, and that the client had made a follow up appointment if necessary. - Answer: True Place once single line through any error made in the medical record and then correct and ____ the mistakes. - Answer: Initial Each letter of the alphabet label is assigned an individual ___. - Answer: Color Progress notes are recorded in ___ order in the medical record. - Answer: Chronological The ____ ____ ____ details a patient's past surgeries, medical conditions, and vaccines. - Answer: Master problem list The ____ ____ is the reason the veterinarian is seeing the patient during an appointment. - Answer: Chief complaint Objective information - Answer: Measured facts based on an animal Patient - Answer: The animal seen by the facility Medical record - Answer: Detailed information written about each animal Consent form - Answer: Identifies procedures to the owner and allows the owner to authorize them Assessment - Answer: Vet's diagnosis of an animal's problem Neuter certificate - Answer: Proof of a spay or castrations surgery Plan - Answer: Treatment or procedure given to an animal Progress notes - Answer: Log entries made of each treatment Subjective information - Answer: Opinion of animal's appearance and attitude Health certificate - Answer: Form to allow an animal to travel T/F: it is helpful to cross off or place an X in the appointment slot when no office appointments should be scheduled. - Answer: True T/F: it may be helpful to color code a multiple doctor appointment schedule. - Answer: True There is not any type of appointment that must be approved by the veterinarian. - Answer: False, _____ need to be approved by the veterinarian. T/F: walk-in clients are encouraged by veterinary facilities. - Answer: False, walk-in clients can disrupt the normal schedule. T/F: each staff member must know the veterinarian's abilities and time frames to schedule procedures. - Answer: True T/F: the client should suggest a preferred date and time for the appointment. - Answer: True T/F: it is only necessary to call and remind clients of appointments if they did not receive an appointment card. - Answer: False, appointment cards can be forgotten or misplaced, and it is common courtesy to give a reminder call. T/F: the appointment schedule should be completed in blue or black ink. - Answer: False, many appointment schedules are computerized. Which of the following is NOT a pre-surgical instruction for a surgery patient? A) Do not feed animal 12 hours before surgery B) Do not give water 8 hours before surgery C) Restrict activity 8 hours before surgery D) Arrive with the pet at a specified drop-off time - Answer: C. Restricting activity in an animal is very difficult and is not necessary before surgery. What is the most common appointment schedule type? - Answer: Flow schedule What is the most common appointment interval time? - Answer: 15 minutes T/F: more complicated cases should be scheduled for the end of the day so that hospitalized patients can be treated in the morning. - Answer: False, complicated cases should be scheduled earlier in the day so that hospitalized patients can be treated in the clinic throughout the day. Which type of appointment should be reserved ahead of time in the scheduled intervals? - Answer: House call appointments (????) Drop-off - Answer: Flexible time when the patient is seen when time allows Intervals - Answer: Set amount of time or space in the appointment book Wave schedule - Answer: A set number of patients are seen within a certain time frame Walk-in appointment - Answer: A client arrives without an appointment Mobile services - Answer: Vehicle equipped for veterinary appointments Fixed office hours - Answer: Patients are seen on a first-come first-serve basis as they arrive Emergency - Answer: Patient needs immediate veterinary attention Appointment card - Answer: Reminds clients of date and time of an appointment Flow schedule - Answer: Patients are seen at specific times T/F: one component of a veterinary software program may include the vaccine history. - Answer: True (????) T/F: it is okay to make one typing error from time to time. - Answer: False, all typing errors should be corrected immediately. T/F: it is not necessary to know how to turn on a computer, only how to type on it. - Answer: False, a veterinary assistant must know how to use all parts of a computer. T/F: computers and printers and their components need regular maintenance. - Answer: True The average normal typing score is ____ - ____ words per minute. - Answer: 30-45 Which of the following is NOT an example of computer hardware? A) modem B) mouse C) printer D) word perfect - Answer: D. Word Perfect is a computer software program. Which of the following is NOT a function of the printer? A) uses toner B) faxes information C) loads paper D) makes forms - Answer: B. Printers cannot fax information, that is instead the job of the fax machine, however, some veterinary facilities may have machines that are a combination of fax machines and printers. Software - Answer: Programs used on the computer Toner - Answer: Black or colored ink printer Keyboarding - Answer: Typing skills that allow learning of key positions and functions Cursor - Answer: Blinking line/icon on a computer screen Modem - Answer: Allows internet access and provides the ability to save daya Word Processing - Answer: Typing words in the same font as a typewriter Hardware - Answer: Physical parts of a computer Monitor - Answer: Computer screen T/F: the veterinarian is the only health care member that can legally perform surgery. - Answer: True T/F: the procedures manual outlines the employee dress code. - Answer: False T/F: the radiology and surgical suite may be potentially harmful to staff and patients. - Answer: True While everyone working at a veterinary facility can be described as a member of the veterinary health care team, who is legally responsible for the safety and well being of all employees and patients? - Answer: The veterinarian What does the term "cross training" mean when referring to staff members of a veterinary facility? - Answer: Each employee can do the tasks of other team members T/F: diagnosing a disease can only be done by a veterinarian. - Answer: True Which of the following statements is an appropriate consideration when deciding on professional appearance? A) patient safety B) staff safety C) the potential for disease transmission. D) all of the above - Answer: D. What is the name of the inventory control method in which a list is maintained of items that need to be reordered? - Answer: Want list What associate sets the standards of veterinary medicine? - Answer: AVMA What association sets the gold standard of care? - Answer: AAHA How long does the standard of care suggest that clinics keep medical records? - Answer: 7 years Which of the following is NOT a part of the licensure process for veterinarians or veterinary technicians? A) state board exam B) AS or BS degree program C) Veterinary Practice Act D) doctorate degree from a veterinary school - Answer: C. The veterinary practice act _____ Which of the following locations is the most likely place an animal that has been HBC will be admitted? A) isolation ward B) pharmacy C) ICU D) kennel ward - Answer: C. The ICU is the usual admittance place for emergencies. Isolation ward - Answer: Area where contagious patients are kept to prevent spread of disease Estimate - Answer: Approximate cost of services Salary - Answer: Amount of money an employee earns each year based on an hourly wage Travel sheet - Answer: List of codes of services that allows employees to track patient fees Invoice - Answer: Bill that lists costs of procedures W-4 form - Answer: Paper filled out according to employee wage bracket and marital status Radiology - Answer: Area where X-Rays are taken and developed Payroll - Answer: Salary paid to employees by writing checks on a regular basis Veterinary Practice Act - Answer: Set of rules that govern veterinary medicine Pharmacy - Answer: Area where medications are kept What are five important items that are essential to the veterinary assistant's professional appearance and should be kept on a person at all times? - Answer: Pen, calculator, watch, notepad, slip lead What are five items that should be recorded in an inventory or hospital supply item list? - Answer: Expiration dates, manufacturer name, pharmacy company name, product amount, location of items Which component of the communication process relays an idea? - Answer: Sender Which component of the communication process refers to the route in which the message is sent? - Answer: Channel A letter is an example of what route of communication? - Answer: Written Which stage of grief may require the aid of a physician to move past? - Answer: Depression Which of the following is an example of patience? A) walking a pet to an exam room B) calmly discussing a difficult situation C) making a phone call for someone D) offering children coloring books - Answer: D. Why??? T/F: nonverbal communication is the most common form of communication. - Answer: False, verbal communication is the most common form of communication. T/F: body language is an example of nonverbal communication. - Answer: True T/F: good listening skills include observation of body language. - Answer: True T/F: a person who has lost a pet may exhibit shock. - Answer: True T/F: skills of observation are not required to communicate well. - Answer: False. Observation provides cues on how to respond. Holding the door is an example of ____. - Answer: Courtesy Asking if you can help someone is an example of ____. - Answer: Kindness Repeating information for a person hard of hearing is an example of ____. - Answer: Patience Telling someone you understand how they feel about putting an animal to sleep is an example of ____. - Answer: Empathy Speaking politely is an example of ____. - Answer: Tactfulness Sending flowers to a client that has lost a pet is in an example of ____. - Answer: Sympathy If an owner is not accepting a pet's death, what stage of grief are they in? - Answer: Denial If an owner is attempting to resolve a problem by any means possible, what stage of grief are they in? - Answer: Bargaining If an owner is understanding and acknowledging that a pet had passed away, what stage of grief are they in? - Answer: Acceptance If an owner is exhibiting sadness over the loss of a pet, what stage of grief are they in? - Answer: Sorrow If an owner is experiencing the inability to function normally due to sadness, what stage of grief are they in? - Answer: Depression If an owner is blaming themself for the death of a pet, what stage of grief are they in? - Answer: Guilt Greeting everyone that enters the facility is a demonstration of ____. - Answer: Respect Frowning, glaring, and smiling are all examples of ____ ____. - Answer: Body language Always attempt to answer the phone by the ____ ring. - Answer: Third The person intended to understand a message is called the ____. - Answer: Receiver Email and text messaging are forms of ____ communication. - Answer: Written T/F: the VCPR may be ended by the client at any time. - Answer: True T/F: the veterinarian can't refuse treatment of an animal after the VCPR has been established. - Answer: True T/F: controlled substances must only be locked up when the office is closed. - Answer: False, controlled substances must be double locked at all times. T/F: it is not necessary to document a telephone conversation about a pet's diet. - Answer: False, everything must be documented. T/F: each state has its own Veterinary Practice Act. - Answer: True What is the definition of direct supervision? - Answer: The supervisor needs to be in the same room What is the definition of "ethics"? - Answer: Rules and principles that govern proper conduct. Regarding confidentiality of medical records and cases, when is it appropriate to share information? - Answer: The only time information can be shared is for the purpose of patient care. What is the basic difference between common law and statutory law? - Answer: Common law is derived from custom and judicial precedents. Statutory law is written law set down by a body of legislature. Which of the following is NOT a breach of contract between a veterinarian and a client? A) a client refuses to pay for services that were approved in a consent form. B) a boarding dog escapes from the hospital premises. C) a veterinarian guarantees a cure and the patient. D) all of the above are breaches in contract. - Answer: D. Which federal agency is responsible for overseeing the manufacture and distribution of drugs used in animals? - Answer: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Below is a list of activities involving animals that can be regulated by law. Which is likely to be regulated by ONLY a local law? A) persons able to practice veterinary medicine. B) permissible drug residues in animals. C) licensing of veterinary technicians. D) the number animals a property owner can house. - Answer: D. The other options are regulated by national law. Consent forms protect veterinarians from liability for which of the following deficiencies of practice? A) negligence B) malpractice C) performing services not requested D) all of the above - Answer: D. Which of the following is NOT governed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)? A) monitoring animals used for human consumption. B) manufacturing standards of food additives. C) monitoring medications used in animals. D) issuing licenses to veterinarians to use controlled substances. - Answer: D. Controlled substance licenses are not issued by the FDA. Where would an employee find out which staff members can legally induce anesthesia in animals within a veterinary facility? A) State Board of Veterinary Medicine B) Veterinary Practice Act C) Veterinary Rule Book D) all of the above - Answer: D. Malpractice - Answer: Working below the acceptable standard of care Slander - Answer: Talking negatively of another person or practice OSHA - Answer: Occupational Safety Hazards Administration, agency that governs safety in the workplace DEA - Answer: Drug Enforcement Administration, agency that governs drugs that may be addictive Negligence - Answer: Failure to do what is necessary Moral - Answer: What a person believes is right or wrong Misrepresentation - Answer: Working or acting as someone not qualified to do so. Animal rights - Answer: The idea that animals have feelings and emotions that give them the same rights as people. Confidential - Answer: Information that is private and not to be shared by anyone Liability - Answer: A legal responsibility Puppies should be weaned from their mother at ___ - ___ weeks. - Answer: 4 - 5 Teaching a dog to eliminate outside is called _____. - Answer: Housebreaking Using commands such as "sit" and "stay" are examples of what type of restraint? - Answer: Verbal/Psychological Where is the jugular vein located? - Answer: On either side of the neck. The gestation length for a dog is ____ days. - Answer: 63 Which of the following is a bacterial disease? A) leptospirosis B) hepatitis C) ringworm D) giardiasis - Answer: A. Leptospirosis. Which of the following is a viral disease? A) coccidiosis B) tetanus C) rabies D) rocky mountain spotted fever - Answer: C. Rabies. A parasite that lives on hair is called ____. - Answer: Lice A parasite that can result in the death of a dog is called ___. - Answer: Heartworm The labor process for a female dog is called ____. - Answer: Whelping Dogs over 7 years old should be fed a ____ diet. - Answer: Senior A difficult labor is called ___. - Answer: Dystocia A setter is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Working group A beagle is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Hound group An airedale is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Terrier group A Siberian husky is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Working group A sheepdog is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Herding group A pug is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Toy group A dalmatian is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Nonsporting group A schnoodle is part of which group of dogs? - Answer: Hybrid/Designer T/F: the best cat restraint technique is the scruff method. - Answer: True T/F: a piece of gauze can be used to make a cat muzzle. - Answer: False, gauze should only be used to make dog muzzles. T/F: the cat muzzle should be applied loosely to allow breathing. - Answer: False, cat muzzles should be applied securely for proper restraint. T/F: placing a finger between a cat's legs during restraint will give you more control over its movements. - Answer: True T/F: a wild cat can be captured using a rabies pole. - Answer: False, rabies poles should only be used on dogs T/F: cats have an average of 350 bones in their bodies. - Answer: False, they have about 250 bones. Cats have an average of ____ muscles in the body. - Answer: 400 Kitten eyes and ears open in ____ - ____ days. - Answer: 10-14 Cats go through an estrus cycle every ____ - ____ days. - Answer: 15-21 Estrus in cats occurs for ____ days. - Answer: 5-7 Kittens should be weaned around ____ - ____ weeks. - Answer: 5-6 A nutrient that must be in the cats diet is ____. A)taurine B)thiamine C)protein D)all of the above - Answer: D. Cats cannot produce taurine or thiamine and need protein. This makes them obligatory carnivores. Cats range in size from ____ to ____ pounds. - Answer: 5 to 25 Cats have a gestation length of about ____ days. - Answer: 63 The FVRCP should begin at ___-___ weeks of age. - Answer: 6-8 The rabies vaccine should be given at ___ weeks of age. - Answer: 16 Toxoplasmosis is shed in an infected cat in a ____-____ hour time frame. - Answer: 12-24 What is the normal position of a kitten when it is born? - Answer: Front legs and head first. Cat declaw procedures are usually completely healed in _____. - Answer: 2 weeks What disease is fatal in cats and has a wet and dry form? - Answer: Feline Infectious Peritonitis, FIP Onychectomy - Answer: Surgical term for declaw What is the medical term for feline distemper virus? - Answer: Panleukopenia What is the fatal virus in cats that causes decreased white blood cells and affects the immune system? - Answer: Feline Leukemia Virus Phagocytosis - Answer: The ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes (type of cell) The study of functions of the human body is called ____. - Answer: Physiology What is the role of connective tissue? - Answer: Binds and supports, protects, insulates, transports substances. What is the role of nervous tissue? - Answer: Sensory input, controls muscles and glands, homeostasis, mental activity What is the role of muscular tissue? - Answer: Allows muscles to expand and contract. The most basic structural unit in an animal is the ____. - Answer: Cell ____ is a cell division that results in the body's growth and repair. - Answer: Mitosis Active transport - Answer: The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration. Osmosis - Answer: Movement of a substance across the cell membrane. Synovial joints - Answer: Join bones with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones. Compound fracture - Answer: A broken bone pierced the skin and increases the risk of infection Subluxation - Answer: A partial dislocation Greenstick fracture - Answer: A young, soft bone bends and breaks Ligament - Answer: Fibrous connective tissue that connects bone to bone Tendon - Answer: Flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue, attaches muscle to bone Scapula - Answer: a.k.a. Shoulder bone, connects humerus (upper arm bone) with clavicle Maxilla - Answer: Upper jaw Mandible - Answer: Lower jaw Papillae - Answer: A small rounded protuberance on a part or organ of the body Mucosa - Answer: Mucous membranes Fundus - Answer: The part of a hollow organ that is farthest from the opening Trypsin - Answer: Enzyme excreted by the pancreas, takes part in the digestion of food proteins and other biological processes. Enamel - Answer: Hard protective covering on the teeth, the hardest substance in the body Dentin - Answer: Hard, dense bone tissue forming the bulk of a tooth Eructation - Answer: The process of ridding the body of gas Anastomosis - Answer: The surgical removal of an area of dead tissue along the intestinal tract Shock - Answer: A condition characterized by a lack of oxygen and blood reaching the tissues. Myocardial infarction - Answer: Heart attack ____ carry blood to the heart and ____ carry blood away from the heart. - Answer: Veins, arteries Systole - Answer: Contraction of the heart muscle Diastole - Answer: Relaxation of the heart muscle What is the main role of a lymphocyte? - Answer: To produce antibodies in the blood. A severe and chronic cough in a dog may be the result of ___. - Answer: Bordatella What is the veterinary term for the windpipe? - Answer: Trachea Cats commonly have a condition that produces and overactive thyroid gland. This condition is called ____. - Answer: Hyperthyroidism High blood glucose level is a characteristic of ______. - Answer: Diabetes/hyperglycemia ____ allows the release and regulation of hormones. - Answer: Hypothalamus ____ controls milk production. - Answer: Prolactin ____ glands associated with reproduction. - Answer: Gonads ____ triggers the fight or flight response. - Answer: Epinephrine What is the test that determines the weight of urine or other fluids? - Answer: Specific gravity Hematuria - Answer: Blood in the urine The ____ system is responsible for the removal of waste products. - Answer: Renal A condition that comes on suddenly is called ____ while one that lingers over a long period of time is referred to as ____. - Answer: Acute, chronic Urinary tract infections are also referred to as ____. - Answer: Cystitis Cats have tribe that tends to build up ____. - Answer: Sediment A urinary blockage can be cause by ____ or stones. - Answer: Urolith Sperm cells multiply by ____. - Answer: Meosis Frozen semen can be stored for up to ____ years. - Answer: 40 What is the name for a uterus filled with pus? - Answer: Pyometra Removal of the mammary glands is called a ____. - Answer: Masectomy Stage when an animal is receptive to breeding. - Answer: Estrus Stage occurring just prior to heat cycle in a non-pregnant animal - Answer: Proestrus Stage following the heat cycle when ovulation occurs - Answer: Metestrus Stage when pregnancy occurs - Answer: Diestrus Stage when animal is not within an estrus cycle - Answer: Anestrus Primary response - Answer: Occurs the first time the body detects an antigen Secondary response - Answer: Occurs after the first time when cells encounter the same antigen Which type of immune response is provided from booster vaccines? - Answer: Secondary ____ immunity results from exposure to a pathogen from vaccinations. - Answer: Active ____ immunity is passed from one animal to another, commonly through colostrum shortly after birth. - Answer: Passive The build up of fluid under the skin is called ____. - Answer: Edema The part of blood that contains natural immunity antibodies is the ____. - Answer: Plasma Allergy testing can be done by measuring ____ ____ levels. - Answer: Blood titer Intramuscular - Answer: Into the muscle Intranasal - Answer: Into the nose Intraocular - Answer: Into the eye Intradermal - Answer: Into the dermis is the skin Subcutaneous - Answer: Under the skin What are the two parts of the nervous system that send and receive information? - Answer: Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system The ____ neurons deliver signals to the muscles, causing the muscles to act. - Answer: Motor The brain and spinal chord are structures of the ____ nervous system. - Answer: Central The cranial nerves and spinal nerves make up the ____ nervous system. - Answer: Peripheral Loss of motor skills is called ____. - Answer: Paralysis The large part of the brain that controls voluntary moment is called the ____. - Answer: Cerebrum The part of the brain that controls coordination and receives information is called the ____. - Answer: Cerebellum A condition in which eyes jump back and forth in in rhythmic jerks due to an injury is called ____. - Answer: Nystagmus Rods - Answer: Part of the eye that detects light and depth Sclera - Answer: The white of the eye Cones - Answer: Part of the eye that sees colors Iris - Answer: Gives the eye color Water - Answer: Most important nutrient. Makes up 75% of an animal's body. Starch - Answer: Plant or grain materials that provide fiber and bulk in an animal's diet. Ration - Answer: The total amount of food an animal needs within a 24 hour time frame. Fiber - Answer: Material from plant cells that is left after other nutrients are digested. Concentration - Answer: Determined by the amount of good fed divided by the percentage of dry matter Palatability - Answer: How well food is eaten by an animal Dry matter (calculation) - Answer: The amount of nutrients in food without water Ruminant - Answer: Animal with a stomach with multiple sections or compartments Forage - Answer: Another term for how an animal appears based on an ideal weight. The simplest carbohydrate is ____. - Answer: Sugar The nonruminant digestive system has an enlarged ____ located between the small and large intestine. - Answer: Cecum The digestive enzyme ____ breaks down food during digestion. - Answer: Pepsin Vitamins can be ____ or ____ soluble. - Answer: Fat, water What is the building block of a protein that forms in chains? - Answer: Amino acids Which organ produces bile? - Answer: The gallbladder T/F: animals should be fed for their actual weight. - Answer: False, animals should be fed for their desired weight. What percentage of dehydration will cause an animal to die? - Answer: 20% Which nutrient supplies the largest part of an animal's diet? - Answer: Carbohydrates What supplements can be given for healthy hair and skin hydration? - Answer: Fatty acids What type of vitamins boost the body's immune system? - Answer: Antioxidants T/F: tapeworms are flat worms. - Answer: True T/F: ticks begin the life cycle of the tapeworm. - Answer: False, tapeworms come from mites. Which of the following is caused by a virus? A) influenza B) salmonella C) anaplasmosis D) encephalitis - Answer: A. Influenza is a viral disease. Diseases that are spread by biting insects are called ____. - Answer: Rickettsial Which of the following is a type of roundworm? A) trichuris vulpine B) toxocara cati C) ancylostoma caninum D) dirofilaria immitis - Answer: B. Toxocara cati Which of the following parasites can cause a skin condition in humans called cutaneous larval migrans? A) roundworm B) whipworm C) hookworm D) heartworm - Answer: C. Hookworm A parasite that is flat and segmented, living in the small and large intestine is called ____. - Answer: Tapeworm What parasite causes Lyme disease? - Answer: Ticks (deer ticks, specifically) Bartonella is a bacteria spread by ____. - Answer: fleas Which of the following parasites is visible to the naked eye? A) roundworm B) whipworm C) hookworm D) coccidian - Answer: A. Roundworm What insect causes heartworm disease? - Answer: Mosquitos A harmful microorganism is called a ____. - Answer: Pathogen A ____ program may help prevent internal parasites from infecting animals. - Answer: Deworming ____ or ____ is a type of mange that is zoonotic to humans. - Answer: Sarcoptic mange, scabies A Wood's lamp is used to diagnose ____. - Answer: Ringworm The entire ear mite life cycle takes ____ weeks. - Answer: 4 ____ is the veterinary term for kennel cough. - Answer: Bordetella Instinctive behavior - Answer: Behaviors that occur naturally to an animal in a reaction to a stimulus Modeling - Answer: The process of learning a behavior through watching other animals conduct the behavior Modification technique - Answer: The process of retraining an animal to get rid of inappropriate behaviors Pheromones - Answer: Odors present in the urine that relay messages to those who encounter it Conditioning - Answer: The process of teaching an animal an action in relationship to another action Coprophagia - Answer: Eating feces T/F: young animals should be isolated from the mother during handling and restraint. - Answer: True. Mothers can be extremely protective and become upset if their young are handled around them. What type of aggression may be noted in an animal after surgery? - Answer: Pain aggression Redirected aggression - Answer: An animal's fear or aggression towards something gets turned to its owner Half hitch - Answer: A tie that makes a loop around a stationary location, such as a post or fence Reefer's knot - Answer: A single bow knot that allows a nonslip, quick release tie Square knot - Answer: Nonslip knot that is commonly used to keep an animal from coming untied or loose A glass or plastic ____ ____ may be used to sedate cats or small animals with gas anesthesia. - Answer: Anesthesia chamber Which of the following descriptions pertains to the cephalic vein? A) the lateral aspect of the front limb B) the medial aspect of the front limb C) the lateral aspect of the rear limb D) the medial aspect of the rear limb - Answer: B. The medial aspect of the front limb What type of aggression is displayed when an animal protects its owner? - Answer: Territorial aggression Bacteria - Answer: A living organism that invades the body causing illness. PPE - Answer: Personal Protective Equipment, items used to keep staff members safe from hazards within the facility. Aseptic technique - Answer: The practice of preventing the spread of contagious organisms and contamination of an area by practicing sterile techniques. Biological hazard - Answer: Safety concerns that pose a risk to humans and animals through contamination of living organisms. Protozoan - Answer: Parasites that are one-celled, simple organisms Medical waste - Answer: Waste that has living tissues or fluids that may have contagious and infectious organisms that can cause zoonotic disease. MSDS - Answer: Material Safety Data Sheet; contains information on the possible health effects of exposure to chemicals Nonsocomial infection - Answer: The contamination of a healthy animal due to unsafe practices of staff Right to know station - Answer: area in the facility where the OSHA and MSDS binders are kept with safety and product information Which of the following is not a parasite? A) rickettsial B) fungus C) protozoan D) coccidia - Answer: B. Fungus. Disinfection - Answer: The process of destroying most microorganisms on nonliving things by physical or chemical means Sanitation - Answer: Reducing the number of disease causing organisms to safe levels Cleaning - Answer: Process of keeping an area clean and neat Sterilization - Answer: Process of destroying ALL microorganisms and viruses on an object using chemicals and/or extreme heat or cold and pressure When cleaning a room, work from the ____/____ to the ____/____. - Answer: top/back, bottom/front Sterilization, cleaning, and disinfecting are all classes of ____. - Answer: Sanitation A dilution is a ____ strength of a disinfectant. - Answer: Decreased Atrophy - Answer: Shrinking of a muscle due to not using it Auscultation - Answer: To listen to the heart and lungs Dyspnea - Answer: Difficulty breathing Rales - Answer: Wheezing sound like a musical note Knee jerk reaction - Answer: the reaction to a slight tap over the knee joint that causes the knee to jerk in response to assess the nervous system Toe pinch response - Answer: digits can be pinched to elicit a response that should be to pull away from the pressure to assess the nervous system Murmur - Answer: Abnormal heart sound that produces a swishing Arrthymia - Answer: Abnormal heart beat Crackles - Answer: Abnormal sounds within the chest that sound like cellophane paper Wheel barrow technique - Answer: Slightly lifting the animal's hind end off the ground and pushing the body forward in a "wheelbarrow" motion to assess the nervous system The hydration status of animals is obtained from the ____ ____ or elasticity of the skin. - Answer: skin turgor What is the typical time a thermometer needs to be in the rectum before a final reading? - Answer: 1 minute Which of the following is NOT felt within an abdominal palpation? A) feces B) pregnancy C) mass D) all of the above are palpable - Answer: D. All of the above are palpable. Hyphema - Answer: Blood located within the eye Prophylaxis - Answer: Detailed cleaning of the teeth with the patient under anesthesia Gingivitis - Answer: Inflammation of the gums Nystagmus - Answer: Bouncing eyes in a circular motion Bradycardia - Answer: Decreased heart rate Hyperplasia - Answer: Excessive amounts of tissue Carnassial Teeth - Answer: The largest teeth in an animal's mouth. The upper fourth premolars and lower first molars. Tachycardia - Answer: Elevated heart rate Anisicoria - Answer: Uneven pupil size Jaundice - Answer: Yellow discoloration to the skin Gingiva - Answer: Gum tissue Calculus - Answer: Mineralized plaque material that appears brown to dark yellow in color and is difficult to remove Heat stroke - Answer: Condition caused by increased heat that causes the body temperature to rise to over 105 degrees Fahrenheit A thermometer should be inserted into the rectum between ____ and ____ inches in depth. - Answer: 1/4, 1/2 Dentition - Answer: Aspiration - Answer: Crash cart - Answer: Primary bandage layer - Answer: Secondary bandage layer - Answer: Tertiary bandage layer - Correct Ans: