NUR 337 Exam 2 2024/2025 Exam
Questions and Detailed Answers | Get it
100% Correct Answers
Apply knowledge of cardiovascular physiology in relation to cardiac
anatomy and the conduction system of the heart, pathophysiology,
pharmacology, chronic heart conditions (from NUR 323) and physical
assessment. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Heart disease: leading cause of death in the
US. modifiable risk factors: HTN, smoking, hyperlipidemia, diabetes,
metabolic syndrome, obesity. non-mod: age, gender, race, fam history.
heart sounds: S1= closing of tricuspid and mitral valves, beginning of
systole
S2= closing of pulmonic and aortic valves, end of systole,
S3- gallop, usually decreased ef or L CHF= soft
S4=gallop pt with L ventricular hytrophy, atrial kick
coronary arteries: deliver blood to the heart, any disorder can lead to death
of heart muscle bc lack of O2/nutrients. fill with blood during diastole,
during contraction= pressure is too great to fill
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Left main: supplies blood to L heart muscle (ventricular and atria), L
circumflex: supplies blood to outer and back of heart
L anterior descending: supplies blood to front of heart
R artery: supplies blood to R ventricle and Artria and to AV and SA nodes.
divides into smaller branches that supple R atrium
-SA node=pacemaker of heart, then to AV to bundle branches to purkinje
fibers. fibers cause ventricular to contract and pump blood to aorta/
systemic.
women: higher mortality after MI( more mild GI symptoms), higher false
positive stress test, higher mortality after CABG, women diabetes=greater
risk for CAD.
HTN classifications - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔normal: less than 120/80, elevated
120-129/less than 80, stage 1 HTN, 130-139 or 80/89, stage 2, 140-159 or
90-99, stage 3 greater than 160, or greater than 100
common trajectory: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔obesity is associated with insulin
resistance and this r/t glucose intolerance, leads to pre diabetes, which is
associated with HTN and dyslipidemina leads to increased coronary
events.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,target lipid levels: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔total cholesterol 200 or less
HDL men > 40, women >50
LDL: less than 100, less than 70 for high risk patients.
triglycerides: 150 or less
chest pain - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔may or may not be cardiac chest pain, cardiac
chest pain is most commonly thought of as a crushing pain or it feels like
an elephant is sitting on a chest.
other manifestations that indicate a cardiac event or go along with chest
pain: N/V, diaphoresis (sweating), SOB, dizziness, left arm or left jaw
pain/numbness,
Angina types: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔stable: is substernal pain or discomfort that
is provoked by exertion or emotional stress and is relived by rest of
nitroglycerin. "warning sign pain"
unstable: iscehmic chest pain that occurs at rest (prolonged pt is doing
nothing), in a crescendo pattern or is severe and of recent onset, falls into
category of ACS (stemi and non-stem included) (not relived by rest or nitro)
ANGINA: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔clinical manifestations: retrosternal pain, poorly
localized may radiate to L arm bc referred pain., may feel a fullness or
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, choking sensation, DM patients, elderly pts, and female pts may have
different s/sx: usually more general, might not have characteristics of chest
pain:SOB pallor, diaphoresis, dizziness, n/v, weakness
diagnoses: r/o ACS, assessment, ECG, CXR, troponin levels, D d-dimer,
electrolyte levels, BMP, CBC, drug screen, UA to rule out UTI.
-important to rule out ACS, when someone has chest pain
-prob of CAD is suggested by the presence of risk facts.
ECG, biomakers, other. cardiac testing.
Priorities for CAD and/or Stable angina: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔ASA and
antiplatlets: reduce clots,
Blood pressure control: increased BP can lead to hardening of walls and
artherscleorsis.
cholesterol and ciggs increases plaque buildup, smoking causes
vasoconstriction.
diet and diabetes
education and exercise
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Detailed Answers | Get it
100% Correct Answers
Apply knowledge of cardiovascular physiology in relation to cardiac
anatomy and the conduction system of the heart, pathophysiology,
pharmacology, chronic heart conditions (from NUR 323) and physical
assessment. - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Heart disease: leading cause of death in the
US. modifiable risk factors: HTN, smoking, hyperlipidemia, diabetes,
metabolic syndrome, obesity. non-mod: age, gender, race, fam history.
heart sounds: S1= closing of tricuspid and mitral valves, beginning of
systole
S2= closing of pulmonic and aortic valves, end of systole,
S3- gallop, usually decreased ef or L CHF= soft
S4=gallop pt with L ventricular hytrophy, atrial kick
coronary arteries: deliver blood to the heart, any disorder can lead to death
of heart muscle bc lack of O2/nutrients. fill with blood during diastole,
during contraction= pressure is too great to fill
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Left main: supplies blood to L heart muscle (ventricular and atria), L
circumflex: supplies blood to outer and back of heart
L anterior descending: supplies blood to front of heart
R artery: supplies blood to R ventricle and Artria and to AV and SA nodes.
divides into smaller branches that supple R atrium
-SA node=pacemaker of heart, then to AV to bundle branches to purkinje
fibers. fibers cause ventricular to contract and pump blood to aorta/
systemic.
women: higher mortality after MI( more mild GI symptoms), higher false
positive stress test, higher mortality after CABG, women diabetes=greater
risk for CAD.
HTN classifications - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔normal: less than 120/80, elevated
120-129/less than 80, stage 1 HTN, 130-139 or 80/89, stage 2, 140-159 or
90-99, stage 3 greater than 160, or greater than 100
common trajectory: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔obesity is associated with insulin
resistance and this r/t glucose intolerance, leads to pre diabetes, which is
associated with HTN and dyslipidemina leads to increased coronary
events.
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,target lipid levels: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔total cholesterol 200 or less
HDL men > 40, women >50
LDL: less than 100, less than 70 for high risk patients.
triglycerides: 150 or less
chest pain - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔may or may not be cardiac chest pain, cardiac
chest pain is most commonly thought of as a crushing pain or it feels like
an elephant is sitting on a chest.
other manifestations that indicate a cardiac event or go along with chest
pain: N/V, diaphoresis (sweating), SOB, dizziness, left arm or left jaw
pain/numbness,
Angina types: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔stable: is substernal pain or discomfort that
is provoked by exertion or emotional stress and is relived by rest of
nitroglycerin. "warning sign pain"
unstable: iscehmic chest pain that occurs at rest (prolonged pt is doing
nothing), in a crescendo pattern or is severe and of recent onset, falls into
category of ACS (stemi and non-stem included) (not relived by rest or nitro)
ANGINA: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔clinical manifestations: retrosternal pain, poorly
localized may radiate to L arm bc referred pain., may feel a fullness or
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, choking sensation, DM patients, elderly pts, and female pts may have
different s/sx: usually more general, might not have characteristics of chest
pain:SOB pallor, diaphoresis, dizziness, n/v, weakness
diagnoses: r/o ACS, assessment, ECG, CXR, troponin levels, D d-dimer,
electrolyte levels, BMP, CBC, drug screen, UA to rule out UTI.
-important to rule out ACS, when someone has chest pain
-prob of CAD is suggested by the presence of risk facts.
ECG, biomakers, other. cardiac testing.
Priorities for CAD and/or Stable angina: - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔ASA and
antiplatlets: reduce clots,
Blood pressure control: increased BP can lead to hardening of walls and
artherscleorsis.
cholesterol and ciggs increases plaque buildup, smoking causes
vasoconstriction.
diet and diabetes
education and exercise
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
