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AQA_2024: A-level History - Component 1F Industrialisation and the People: Britain, c1783–1885 (Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme) $7.99
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AQA_2024: A-level History - Component 1F Industrialisation and the People: Britain, c1783–1885 (Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme)

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AQA_2024: A-level History - Component 1F Industrialisation and the People: Britain, c1783–1885 (Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme) A-level HISTORY Component 1F Industrialisation and the people: Britain, c1783–1885 Thursday 23 May 2024 Materials For this paper you must hav...

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  • March 14, 2025
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  • 2024/2025
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  • aqa2024 a level history component 1f industri

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AQA_2024: A-level History - Component 1F
Industrialisation and the People: Britain, c1783–1885
(Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme)




A-level
HISTORY
Component 1F Industrialisation and the people: Britain, c1783–1885


Thursday 23 May 2024 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
 an AQA 16-page answer book.

Instructions
 Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
 Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/1F.
 Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.

Information
 The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
 The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
 You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.

Advice
 You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.


To revise Industrialisation and the People: Britain, c.1783–1885, focus on the following key areas and
themes:

1. The Agricultural Revolution (c.1750–1850):

 The Agricultural Revolution was a precursor to industrialisation, with innovations like the
enclosure movement, new farming techniques, and improved machinery (e.g., Jethro Tull's
seed drill). This led to increased food production and population growth, which in turn provided a
labor force for industrial factories.
IB/M/Jun24/G4002/7042/1F

, 3

2. The Rise of Industry (c.1783–1830):

 Early Industrialisation saw Britain shift from an agrarian to an industrial economy. Key industries
like textiles, coal mining, and iron were central to this transformation. The steam engine,
popularised by James Watt, revolutionized transport and manufacturing.
 Factory system: The growth of factories led to increased productivity but also harsh working
conditions, long hours, and the rise of child labor.

3. Social Impact of Industrialisation (c.1783–1850):

 Urbanisation: Industrialisation caused rapid migration from rural areas to growing urban centers.
Cities like Manchester and Birmingham expanded rapidly, but urbanization led to overcrowding,
poor sanitation, and the spread of diseases like cholera.
 Class divisions: The Industrial Revolution created a new working class that faced poor living
conditions, and a growing middle class that benefited from economic change. Tensions between
these classes increased, contributing to social unrest.

4. The Growth of Trade Unions (c.1830s–1880s):

 The early trade unions emerged as workers sought to improve wages, working conditions, and hours.
Notable examples include the Tolpuddle Martyrs (1834) and the Chartist Movement (1838–1850),
which pushed for political reforms like universal male suffrage and better representation.
 The Factory Acts (e.g., 1833 and 1844) were passed to improve working conditions for women and
children, though they were initially limited in scope.

5. Political Reform and the Chartist Movement (1830s–1850s):

 The Chartist Movement was a key expression of working-class political demands, calling for
reforms such as universal male suffrage, equal electoral districts, and secret ballots.
 Although the movement failed to achieve all its goals in the short term, it laid the groundwork for
future democratic reforms, including the Representation of the People Act 1867.

6. The Expansion of the Railway System (c.1830–1850):

 The railway boom was integral to Britain’s industrial growth, allowing for faster movement of goods
and people, which connected markets and fueled urban expansion.
 The development of railways led to the spread of ideas, greater mobility, and the creation of a
national market for goods, helping to solidify Britain's position as the world’s leading industrial
power.

7. The Role of Government and Legislation (1830s–1880s):

 The Government played a role in regulating industry through early reforms, such as the Factory
Acts, which sought to address the exploitation of workers. The Poor Law Amendment Act (1834)
sought to address poverty, though it was criticized for being punitive.
 The 1867 Reform Act extended the vote to working-class men in urban areas, marking a significant
shift towards greater political participation and representation for industrial worker.




IB/M/Jun24/G4002/E6 7042/1F

IB/M/Jun24/G4002/7042/1F Turn over ►

, 4



Section A

Answer Question 01.




Extract A

In the short term, the Great Reform Act of 1832 strengthened the landed class. It
deprived the radicals of their middle-class leadership. Instead, there was now an alliance
of land and industry. In the long term, the Reform Act opened the door to more dramatic
changes. Within 30 years, politicians recognised that they would have to trust working
men with the vote. Before long, the aristocracy would have to share an influence which 5
they had been used to exercising alone. But it would be a sharing of powers, albeit
unequally and uneasily. It would not be the crude suppression of the aristocracy by the
middle classes. By 1867, Britain was well on the way to a middle-class dominated
parliament. For all its imperfections, the Great Reform Act set a modern industrial state
firmly on the path to gradual, non-violent change. This is why it deserves to be 10
remembered as a major piece of legislation with far-reaching consequences.

Adapted from E Evans, The Great Reform Act of 1832, 1983




Extract B

The political world after the Great Reform Act of 1832 was less corrupt but the change
did not take place rapidly nor did it begin in 1832. It would be wrong to use the Reform
Act to explain trends in politics that started long before this reform and needed many
years to complete. These included the development of modern parties and the rising
influence of public opinion and the press. This is not to say the Great Reform Act 5
achieved nothing, but the continuity of the political system was tough enough to survive
the Act. While many small pocket boroughs were abolished, over 40 survived into the
1860s and landlords and industrialists dominated some newly enfranchised industrial
towns in a similar way. Corrupt constituencies survived as did the sale of borough seats.
There was no limit to how much could be spent on parliamentary elections. Great peers 10
still sent their nominees to the Commons and the wealthy used their social and economic
influence for political purposes.

Adapted from N Gash, Politics in the Age of Peel, 2012




IB/M/Jun24/G4002/7042/1F

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