,
,"Comprehensive Test Bank for Abdominal Ultrasound: Systematic
Approach (Thieme 3rd Edition, 2016) – 300+ High-Yield Questions
with Answers & Rationales"
Question 1: Liver
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Liver
Question Title: Sonographic Appearance of the Normal Liver
Question: Which sonographic feature is most indicative of a normal
liver parenchyma?
a) Heterogeneous echotexture with focal lesions
b) Uniform echotexture with smooth margins
c) Hypoechoic compared to the renal cortex
d) Markedly increased echogenicity with posterior shadowing
Correct Answer: b) Uniform echotexture with smooth margins
Rationale: A normal liver typically exhibits a uniform echotexture and
smooth margins. In contrast, heterogeneity or focal lesions suggest
pathology, and differences in relative echogenicity (e.g., compared to the
renal cortex) are important when evaluating abnormal conditions.
Question 2: Porta Hepatis
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Porta Hepatis
Question Title: Structures in the Porta Hepatis
Question: Which of the following structures is NOT normally found
within the porta hepatis?
a) Hepatic artery proper
b) Portal vein
c) Common bile duct
d) Hepatic vein
, Correct Answer: d) Hepatic vein
Rationale: The porta hepatis serves as the gateway for the hepatic artery
proper, portal vein, and common bile duct. The hepatic veins, however,
drain the liver directly into the inferior vena cava and do not traverse the
porta hepatis.
Question 3: Gallbladder
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Gallbladder
Question Title: Ultrasound Findings in Acute Cholecystitis
Question: What ultrasound finding is most commonly associated with
acute cholecystitis?
a) A distended gallbladder with a thin wall
b) Gallbladder wall thickening >3 mm and pericholecystic fluid
c) Presence of a solitary, large gallstone without wall thickening
d) Anechoic lumen without internal debris
Correct Answer: b) Gallbladder wall thickening >3 mm and
pericholecystic fluid
Rationale: In cases of acute cholecystitis, ultrasound typically reveals
gallbladder wall thickening and pericholecystic fluid (along with a
positive sonographic Murphy sign), which are key features in its
diagnosis.
Question 4: Pancreas
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Pancreas
Question Title: Factors Affecting Pancreatic Visualization
Question: Which factor most commonly interferes with the ultrasound
visualization of the pancreas?
a) Retroperitoneal location
b) Overlying bowel gas
,"Comprehensive Test Bank for Abdominal Ultrasound: Systematic
Approach (Thieme 3rd Edition, 2016) – 300+ High-Yield Questions
with Answers & Rationales"
Question 1: Liver
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Liver
Question Title: Sonographic Appearance of the Normal Liver
Question: Which sonographic feature is most indicative of a normal
liver parenchyma?
a) Heterogeneous echotexture with focal lesions
b) Uniform echotexture with smooth margins
c) Hypoechoic compared to the renal cortex
d) Markedly increased echogenicity with posterior shadowing
Correct Answer: b) Uniform echotexture with smooth margins
Rationale: A normal liver typically exhibits a uniform echotexture and
smooth margins. In contrast, heterogeneity or focal lesions suggest
pathology, and differences in relative echogenicity (e.g., compared to the
renal cortex) are important when evaluating abnormal conditions.
Question 2: Porta Hepatis
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Porta Hepatis
Question Title: Structures in the Porta Hepatis
Question: Which of the following structures is NOT normally found
within the porta hepatis?
a) Hepatic artery proper
b) Portal vein
c) Common bile duct
d) Hepatic vein
, Correct Answer: d) Hepatic vein
Rationale: The porta hepatis serves as the gateway for the hepatic artery
proper, portal vein, and common bile duct. The hepatic veins, however,
drain the liver directly into the inferior vena cava and do not traverse the
porta hepatis.
Question 3: Gallbladder
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Gallbladder
Question Title: Ultrasound Findings in Acute Cholecystitis
Question: What ultrasound finding is most commonly associated with
acute cholecystitis?
a) A distended gallbladder with a thin wall
b) Gallbladder wall thickening >3 mm and pericholecystic fluid
c) Presence of a solitary, large gallstone without wall thickening
d) Anechoic lumen without internal debris
Correct Answer: b) Gallbladder wall thickening >3 mm and
pericholecystic fluid
Rationale: In cases of acute cholecystitis, ultrasound typically reveals
gallbladder wall thickening and pericholecystic fluid (along with a
positive sonographic Murphy sign), which are key features in its
diagnosis.
Question 4: Pancreas
Chapter: Abdominal Organs – Pancreas
Question Title: Factors Affecting Pancreatic Visualization
Question: Which factor most commonly interferes with the ultrasound
visualization of the pancreas?
a) Retroperitoneal location
b) Overlying bowel gas
