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N460 - EXAM 5 (Immune I & II) WVU Study Guide Exam And Actual Answers. $10.49
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N460 - EXAM 5 (Immune I & II) WVU Study Guide Exam And Actual Answers.
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What is the overall purpose of the immune system? - Answer To distinguish "self" from "nonself" How does the body know "the self"? - Answer WBCs tell us What are the 3 main problems that can occur to the immune system? (And give examples) - Answer Immune system doesn't work (AIDS/Chemo/...

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  • March 13, 2025
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N460 - EXAM 5 (Immune I & II) WVU
Study Guide Exam And Actual Answers.
What is the overall purpose of the immune system? - Answer To distinguish "self" from
"nonself"



How does the body know "the self"? - Answer WBCs tell us



What are the 3 main problems that can occur to the immune system? (And give examples) -
Answer Immune system doesn't work (AIDS/Chemo/Radiation - Immunosuppressed pts)



Autoimmune diseases (T1DM, RA, MS - Immune system attacks itself)



Immune system goes overboard (Anaphylaxis)



Who is considered immunosuppressed? - Answer Chemotherapy pt's

Young babies

Older populations



WBCs are a product of? - Answer Bone marrow



Normal WBC count? - Answer 5-10



What are bands? - Answer Immature neutrophils



What are PMNs? - Answer Most common WBC



Crucial for fighting bacterial infections



PMNs are crucial for fighting what? - Answer Bacterial infections

,When would you see increased monocytes? - Answer Viral infections



What is AIDS caused by? - Answer Retrovirus (HIV)



Affects *both* cellular and humoral immunity



About how many children become HIV+ every day? - Answer 1,000



What must HIV invade to reproduce? - Answer T Lymphocytes



The virus must enter into our cell to reproduce



What two enzymes are crucial to the HIV replication process? - Answer Reverse transcriptase
and protease



The human cell dies in the process.

End up with more HIV and less of our own cells

CD4 begins to decrease



What happens to CD4 levels as HIV cells increase? - Answer Decreases



How is HIV transmitted? - Answer Unprotected sexual contact, blood/blood products,
pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding.



What fluids are associated with HIV transmission? - Answer Blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast
milk



What s/sx would you see in an Acute HIV infection? - Answer Mild symptoms (Few weeks after
infection)

Fever, HA, sore throat, rash, malaise

*High viral load = high rate of passing the virus onto other*

, Is symptomatic HIV = AIDS? - Answer NO



When do you know if HIV has progressed into AIDS? - Answer When you begin to develop
opportunistic infections and CD4 count < 200



What are AIDS defining characteristics? - Answer *If you are HIV+ and have one of these, you
have AIDS*

*CD4 count < 200*

Esophageal candidiasis

CMV/PCP/MAC (Cytomegalovirus/Pneumonia)

Cervical CA

Toxoplasmosis Encephalitis

Wasting Syndrome

TB



What is Wasting Syndrome? - Answer When you lose ~10% body weight without reason



What is PCP and who does it cause issues in? - Answer Pneumocystis Pneumonia - an atypical
fungus



It does not cause problems in people with a healthy immune system



What tests are available to diagnose HIV? - Answer ELISA and western blot



Which test is better to diagnose HIV? - Answer Western blot



What is an ELISA test? - Answer Used to dx HIV



Cheap, quick, but *false positive is possible*



+infected, but early may yield negative result*

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