PROPHECY RELIAS PHARMACOLOGY RN A LATEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM 110 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

Which of the following medications is known to cause orange-colored urine? - ANSWER>>>phenazopyridine (Pyridium) You are ordered to give digoxin. Your patient's vital signs are as follows: Blood Pressure 130/75, Temp 97.9 oral, HR 52, O2 Sat 100% room air. What should you do next? - ANSWER>>>Hold digoxin and call the provider Normal Saline (NS) is the solution of choice over D5W when preparing to administer a blood transfusion because: - ANSWER>>>Normal Saline is an isotonic solution and prevents cell hemolysis Patient is to receive 5mg/kg of medication. Patient weighs 80kg. How much would you administer? - ANSWER>>>400mg Your patient taking digoxin (Lanoxin) has an AM Potassium level of 3.0. This level may: - ANSWER>>>Increase risk of digoxin toxicity The patient is diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? - ANSWER>>>Increase daily water intake Which of the following medications will crystalize when mixed with D5NS? - ANSWER>>>phenytoin (Dilantin) Which of the following medications should be questioned by the nurse, if ordered by the provider to treat a patient's complaint of nausea and vomiting? - ANSWER>>>famotidine (Pepcid) Your patient has an epidural infusing hydromorphone with bupivacaine at 6ml/hr continuously. The patient's blood pressure at the beginning of your shift was 92/58 with a heart rate of 68. You noticed the patient's blood pressures have been around 130/70. What should you do FIRST? - ANSWER>>>Check infusion rate to confirm 6ml/hr, then notify anesthesia provider The dosage of which drug must be tapered off slowly to prevent acute adrenal insufficiency? - ANSWER>>>prednisone (Deltasone) When teaching a new nurse on how to administer IV push furosemide (Lasix), you emphasize that it should be given over two minutes to avoid: - ANSWER>>>tinnitus A nurse is caring for a patient with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the patient's serum calcium level is 13mg/dl. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the patient? - ANSWER>>>calcintonin (Miacalcin) A patient has a prescription to take Guaifenesin (Mucinex) every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the patient understands the MOST effective use of the medication if the patient states that he or she will: - ANSWER>>>take the medication with a full glass of water Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) has which of the following pharmacological effects? - ANSWER>>>Anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, decrease platelet aggregation Your patient is to receive 2 G vancomycin over 2 hours. The medication comes in from the pharmacy as 2 G Vancomycin in 250ml normal saline. At what rate will the IV medication run? - ANSWER>>>125ml/hr Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfunction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the following is noted in the history? - ANSWER>>>Use of nitroglycerin While delivering the lunch tray of a patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin), the nurse notices diversity of food items. Which of the following foods would be a concern? - ANSWER>>>Spinach Your patient is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin) 500mg IV every 12 hours. As a nurse, you understand that the PRIMARY rationale for monitoring serum levels of vancomycin is that: - ANSWER>>>It can cause nephrotoxicity Convert 1.2 milligrams to micrograms - ANSWER>>>1200 mcg You are caring for a patient with diabetes. Humalog insulin is ordered via sliding scale AC and HS. When is the best time to administer Humalog insulin? - ANSWER>>>15 minutes before meal arrives A provider orders one liter of NS to be infused over four hours. At what rate would you set the IV pump? - ANSWER>>>250ml/hr *WRONG* Which medication is used to treat iron toxicity? - ANSWER>>>A) digoxin immune fab (Digibind) B) Naloxone (Narcan) C) Mephyton (Vitamin K) D) *WRONG* deferoxamine (Digibind) Your patient presents with CHF and has a Potassium level of 5.8. Which diuretic do you anticipate being ordered by the provider? - ANSWER>>>bumetanide (Bumex) Your patient is on a Morphine PCA after a recent exploratory surgery. While doing your rounds, you notice that your patient is slumped over, unresponsive, with delayed and slow respirations. You suspect narcotic overdose. Which reversal medication would you administer? - ANSWER>>>naloxone (Narcan) A patient's capillary blood glucose reading is 33mg/dl. Which of the following medications will the nurse administer if the patient is unable to tolerate PO? - ANSWER>>>Dextrose 50% IV push When a patient has pernicious anemia, the nurse would expect to give them: - ANSWER>>>Vitamin B12 *WRONG* Which of the following anticoagulant is MOST commonly administered for DVT prophylaxis in a patient who has undergone a hip replacement? - ANSWER>>>A)*WRONG* heparin B) enoxaparin C) aspirin D) warfarin Which of the following is considered an antiplatelet medication? - ANSWER>>>clopidogrel (Plavix) Sildenaphil(viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfuction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription of which of the following is noted in the history? - ANSWER>>>Use of Nitroglycerin Which of the following medications should be held today considering that your patient received IV contract two hours ago fir a CT scan? - ANSWER>>>Metformin (Glucophage) The patient is diagnosed with multiple Myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? - ANSWER>>>Increase daily water intake Your patient, a Type 1 diabetic with a history of schizophrenia is exhibiting signs and symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, Which of the following long-term medications is more likely the etiology of the problem? - ANSWER>>>chlorpromazine (Thorazine) When caring for a patient with a central line who is receiving TPN, what is the MOST important action on the part of the nurse to prevent CLABSI? - ANSWER>>>Perform correct sterile technique for dressing change at the CVC site "Red Man" Syndrome may occur during the administration of vancomycin (Vancocin), primarily due to - ANSWER>>>An increase in histamine production Your patient has been diagnosed with. chronic CHF and will be taking Lasix 80mg PO twice a day. When teaching about high Potassium foods in the diet, which group of foods would you recommend to the patient? - ANSWER>>>Bananas, spinach, raisins 1.2 milligrams is equal to how many micrograms? - ANSWER>>>1200 mcg Your post-op patient has a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain in place. How do you ensure effective drain function? - ANSWER>>>Compress the drain, then plug the bulb to establish suction Your male patient complains of discomfort while inflating the balloon during insertion of an indwelling urinary catheter. What would be the MOST appropriate action? - ANSWER>>>Deflate the balloon, advance the catheter further, then reinflate the balloon Your patient has symptomatic anemia but is refusing a blood transfusion for religious reason. What is an appropriate response? - ANSWER>>>Respect his wishes and notify the provider Your patient is admitted with diverticulitis. What type of diet do you expect to be ordered for the patient? - ANSWER>>>broth, jello, soft fruit no skin, You were hired to work the medical unit and when you arrive at work the charge nurse has assigned you to the post-surgical unit since they are understaffed. Which is the MOST appropriate action? - ANSWER>>>Report to the post-surgical unit. What is a proton pump inhibitor, such as pantoprazole (Protonix) used for? - ANSWER>>>Acid Reduction Which adaptive equipment would be MOST appropriate to use for a severely contracted patient who is unable to bear weight when transferring from the bed to the chair? - ANSWER>>>Patient lift (e.g., Hoyer) Which tool should you use to assess pain in you 80-year-old patient with severe dementia? - ANSWER>>>PAINAD scale